|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Mid-Holocene climate change in North China, and the effect on cultural development显示文摘In this study, to reconstruct the paleoclimatic history, pollen and oxygen isotope were analyzed on the 160 samples of a 2.7 m peat core from Taishizhuang, Huailai County, Hebei Province. Combining our data with other information of climate history and archaeology from this area, we found that there is a close linkage between cultural development and the mid-Holocene (6000-3000 cal. aBP) environment changes. The main results and conclusions are presented as the following: The climate during 5678-5400 cal. aBP was unstable and in general colder and drier than today. From 5400 to 4800 cal. aBP the climate was much warmer and wetter than before. The climate during 4800-4300 cal. aBP was persistently cold, with an exceptional cold event occurring at 4600-4300 cal. aBP. This cold event was recorded at several other localities in Northern China even the Northern Hemisphere and played an important role in the cultural development. After the cold event, there was a return to warmer conditions between 4200 and | JIN Guiyun & LIU Dongsheng (LIU Tungsheng)Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Shandong Province, Jinan 250012, China Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，5： | 15 |
| 2 | High-Speed EMUs:Characteristics of Technological Development and Trends显示文摘1.A worldwide history of high-speed trains High-speed railway(HSR)is defined by the International Union of Railways(UIC)as new lines with design speeds above 250 kmh1 and upgraded existing lines with speeds of up to 200 kmh1[1].In China,HSR is defined as new passenger-dedicated lines designed for electric multiple unit(EMU)trains running at a speed of 250 kmh1 or above(actual or reserved),with an initial operation speed not lower than 200 kmh1[2].The worldwide development of HSRs and high-speed EMUs can be roughly divided into three stages:initial operation,line platform expansion,and rapid development. | Hongwei Zhao Jianying Liang Changqing Liu | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，3： | 14 |
| 3 | Valuing water quality in China:purpose,approach and policy显示文摘The economic valuation of water quality in a rapidly developing country such as China should be undertaken to determine when the benefits from rapid growth begin to exceed the costs from the same. The best approach is to ascertain the total economic valuation of the environmental resource. This includes all of the various uses of the resource, and even those values that are unconnected to individual use (e.g. natural and aesthetic values). A method known as contingent valuation (CV) is used to ascertain these forms of value. This approach is demonstrated here in an application to river water quality in the Beijing area. A CV study is reported in which Beijing area citizens reported an average willingness to pay about 1.3% of annual income in order to prevent further deterioration of river water quality. Aggregation over the representative population indicates that the perceived cost of further river quality deterioration is in the neighbourhood of USD 60 million. Such a measure provides some indication of the socially desired “stopping point”—— in the pursuit of economic growth at the expense of environmental quality. | Timothy Swanson,Brett Day,Susana Mourato Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, Department of Economics, and School of Public Policy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom | 1999 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1999，11，3： | 12 |
| 4 | Production of porcine cloned transgenic embryos expressing green fluorescent protein by somatic cell nuclear transfer显示文摘In the present study, nuclear transferred embryos (NTEs) were reconstructed by using pig fetal fibroblasts as donors and in vitro matured oocytes as recipients. The effects of G418 selection on donor cells, duration of IVM of prepubertal gilt oocytes and oxygen tension in IVM of oocytes were investigated. The results were as follows: (i) When G418 selected cells expressing GFP were used as donors, the cleavage rate of NTEs decreased drastically in comparison to NTEs derived from donors without antibiotic selection (47.5% vs. 71.6%, p<0.05). For the blastocyst rate, no significant differ-ence was observed between two groups (10% vs. 10.4%, p>0.05). (ii) The rate of nuclear maturation of oocytes increased significantly when IVM duration time was extended from 36 to 42 h (83.6% vs. 96.7%, p<0.05). However, no statistical difference was observed between NTEs derived from oocytes of 36 h IVM group and NTEs from oocytes of 42 h IVM group in the rates of cleavage (59.3% vs. 73.6%, p>0.05) and blastocyst formation (9.3% vs. 13.2%, p>0.05); (iii) no significant difference was observed between NTEs reconstructed from oocytes matured under lower oxygen (7% O2) tension and NTEs derived from oocytes matured under higher oxygen tension (20% O2) in cleavage rate (70.6% vs. 67.1%, p>0.05) and blastocyst rate (11.8% vs. 12.3%, p>0.05). These results suggest that: (i) G418 selection does not have a significant effect on cleavage rate of NTEs expressing GFP. (ii) Nuclear maturation is greatly improved by prolonging IVM duration from 36 to 42 h, while no signifi-cant differences were observed for developmental potential of transgenic embryos. Thus IVM 42 h is the better choice in order to obtain maximum number of MⅡ oocytes as recipients. (iii) Lower oxygen tension and higher oxygen tension in IVM have no significant effect on development of cloned em-bryos. | ZHANG Yunhai1, PAN Dengke1,2, SUN Xiuzhu1, SUN Guojie1, WANG Xiaobo1, LIU Xiaohui1, LI Yan1, DAI Yunping1 & LI Ning1 1. State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China | 2006 | Science China(Life Sciences)2006，49，2： | 10 |
| 5 | Comprehensive analysis of NAC transcription factors and their expression during fruit spine development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)显示文摘The cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)is an important vegetable crop worldwide,and fruit trichomes or spines are an important trait for external fruit quality.The mechanisms underlying spine formation are not well understood,but the plant-specific NAC family of transcription factors may play important roles in fruit spine initiation and development.In this study,we conducted a genome-wide survey and identified 91 NAC gene homologs in the cucumber genome.Clustering analysis classified these genes into six subfamilies;each contained a varying number of NAC family members with a similar intron–exon structure and conserved motifs.Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed tissue-specific expression patterns of these genes,including 10 and 12 that exhibited preferential expression in the stem and fruit,respectively.Thirteen of the 91 NAC genes showed higher expression in the wild-type plant than in its near-isogenic trichome mutant,suggesting their important roles in fruit spine development.Exogenous application of four plant hormones promoted spine formation and increased spine density on the cucumber fruits;several NAC genes showed differential expression over time in response to phytohormone treatments on cucumber fruit,implying their essential roles in fruit-trichome development.Among the NAC genes identified,12 were found to be targets of 13 known cucumber micro-RNAs.Collectively,these findings provide a useful resource for further analysis of the interactions between NAC genes and genes underlying trichome organogenesis and development during fruit spine development in cucumber. | Xingwang Liu Ting wang Ezra Bartholomew Kezia Black Mingming Dong Yaqi Zhang Sen Yang Yanling Cai Shudan Xue Yiqun Weng Huazhong Ren | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 10 |
| 6 | Comparative analysis of the pig BAC sequence involved in the regulation of myostatin gene显示文摘Myostatin (GDF8, MSTN) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta su- perfamily that is essential for proper regulation of skeletal muscle mass. In order to study its ex- pression and regulatory mechanism deeply, we have presented a comparative analysis of about 170-kb pig BAC sequence containing the myostatin gene among pig, human and mouse. The genomic region is characterized by high interspersed repeats and low G+C content. As for the myostatin gene, a higher sequence similarity is found between human and pig than between these species and the mouse. One striking feature is that the structure of two TATA-boxes in the nearby downstream of CCAAT-box is identified in the promoter. Further analysis reveals that the TATA-box1 is responsible for the transcription in pig and human, but the TATA-box2 acts on the transcription in mouse. The other interesting feature is that two polyadenylation signal sequences (AATAAA) exist in 3′UTR of the pig myostatin gene. Moreover, a large number of potential tran- scription factor-binding sites are also identified in evolutionary conserved regions (ECRs), which may be associated with the regulation of myostatin. Many putative transcription factors play an important role in the muscle development, and the complex interaction between myostatin and these factors may be required for proper muscle development. | YU Zhengquan1,LI Yan2,MENG Qingyong1,YUAN Jing1,ZHAO Zhihui1,LI Wei2,HU Xiaoxiang1,YAN Bingxue1,FAN Baoliang1,YU Shuyang1 & LI Ning1 1.State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China 2.Beijing Genomics Institute / Genomics and Bioinformatics Center,Institute of Genetics and Development Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，2： | 6 |
| 7 | Recent developments and some open problems in Finsler geometry显示文摘Finsler geometry is just Riemannian geometry without the quadratic restriction. Recent studies on Finsler geometry have taken on a new look. In this article, we will briefly discuss recent developments and some open problems in Finsler geometry. | MO Xiaohuan & SHEN Zhongmin1. School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2. Department of Mathematics, IUPUI 402 N. Blackford Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3216, USA | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，13： | 4 |
| 8 | GDSL esterase/lipases OsGELP34 and OsGELP110/OsGELP115 are essential for rice pollen development显示文摘Pollen exine contains complex biopolymers of aliphatic lipids and phenolics.Abnormal development of pollen exine often leads to plant sterility.Molecular mechanisms regulating exine formation have been studied extensively but remain ambiguous.Here we report the analyses of three GDSL esterase/lipase protein genes,OsGELP34,OsGELP110,and OsGELP115,for rice exine for-mation.OsGELP34 was identified by cloning of a male sterile mutant gene.OsGELP34 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum protein and was mainly expressed in anthers during pollen exine formation.osgelp34 mutant displayed abnormal exine and altered expression of a number of key genes required for pollen development.OsGELP110 was previously identified as a gene differentially expressed in meiotic anthers.OsGELP110 was most homologous to OsGELP115,and the two genes showed similar gene expression patterns.Both OsGELP110 and OsGELP115 proteins were localized in peroxisomes.Individual knockout of OsGELP110 and OsGELP115 did not affect the plant fertility,but double knockout of both genes altered the exine structure and rendered the plant male sterile.OsGELP34 is distant from OsGELP110 and OsGELP115 in sequence,and osgelp34 and osgelp110/osgelp115 mutants were different in anther morphology despite both were male sterile.These results suggested that OsGELP34 and OsGELP110/OsGELP115 catalyze different compounds for pollen exine development. | Huihui Zhang Menglong Wang Yiqi Li Wei Yan Zhenyi Chang Haoling Ni Zhufeng Chen Jianxin Wu Chunjue Xu Xing Wang Deng Xiaoyan Tang | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，10： | 4 |
| 9 | Aberrant seed development in Litchi chinensis is associated with the impaired expression of cell wall invertase genes显示文摘Cell wall invertase(CWIN)are known to play important roles in seed development.However,most reports to date have focused on a single gene family member,and have mainly investigated CWIN functions during the filling stage of seed development.In this study,we found significant lower levels of CWIN protein and activity associated with seed abortion in the Litchi chinensis cultivar“Nuomici.”We identified five litchi CWIN genes and observed that the expression of LcCWIN5 was limited to the flower tissues and decreased sharply with fruit development.Silencing of LcCWIN5 expression before 28 DAA(cell division stage)resulted in perturbed liquid endosperm development,smaller seeds,and higher seed abortion rate,while silencing after 28 DAA(filling stage)had no effect on seed development.In contrast,LcCWIN2 was mostly expressed in the funicle and seed coat,and increased with fruit development.Decreased LcCWIN2 expression and CWIN activity during early seed filling coincided with smaller seeds in the cultivar“Feizixiao.”Silencing of LcCWIN2 caused a reduction in the seed size without inducing seed abortion.We propose that CWIN activity in seed maternal tissues during cell division stage is likely due to LcCWIN5 expression,which regulates early seed development.On the other hand,CWIN activity during the filling stage is due to the expression of LcCWIN2,which may promote carbon import by creating a sucrose gradient.Comparable LcCWIN5 expression,but much lower CWIN activity,detected in the funicle of“Nuomici”is consistent with post-translational regulation. | Jieqiong Zhang Zichen Wu Fuchu Hu Lian Liu Xuming Huang Jietang Zhao Huicong Wang | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Functional analysis of tomato calmodulin gene family during fruit development and ripening显示文摘Calmodulin is a ubiquitous calcium sensor to recognize the different developmental and/or stimulus-triggered calcium changes and regulate plant growth and development.However,the function of calmodulin remains elusive for fleshy fruit development.We performed expression studies of a family of six calmodulin genes(SlCaMs)in tomato fruit.All calmodulins showed a double peak expression pattern.The first flat peak appeared at 10–30 days after anthesis,but their expression rapidly declined at mature green and breaker.Then a sharp and even higher peak came at turning/pink stages.Among six calmodulins,SlCaM1 had the highest expression during fruit enlargement,whereas SlCaM2 was the major calmodulin during fruit ripening.However,SlCaMs showed different patterns in three ripening mutants rin,Nor and Nr.In particular,at the stages corresponding to mature green and breaker,the expression levels of SlCaMs in those mutants were significantly higher than wild-type.Furthermore,SlCaMs,especially SlCaM2 were upregulated by ethylene.Transiently overexpressing SlCaM2 in mature green fruit delayed ripening,while reducing SlCaM2 expression accelerated ripening.Our results suggest that SlCaMs play double roles to regulate fruit ripening.Prior to the ethylene burst,the ethylene-independent repression of SlCaMs might be critical for fruit to initiate the ripening process.After the ethylene burst,SlCaMs could participate in the ethylene coordinated rapid ripening. | Tianbao Yang Hui Peng Gary R Bauchan | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 3 |
| 11 | Developmental study on the immunocytochemical localization of NOV protein-containing neurons in the rat brain显示文摘The localization and development of nephroblastoma overexpressed gene (nov) protein-immunoreactive neurons in the brain of E8-P300 rats have been studied using immunocytochemistry and image analysis. Results are as follows: No NOV protein-immunoreactive cells were detected in the rat brain during prenatal development. A few of positive cells were detected at the early postnatal stage. However, the number and the immunoreactivity of these cells increased gradually at later stages. NOV-immunoreactive cells were widely distributed in the rat brain during P30-P60. The number of immunoreactive cells and their intensity also peaked within this stage. The number and staining intensity of NOV-positive cells decreased gradually with age. The positive cells were mainly located in cingulate cortex, striatum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, cerebellum and brain stem. The present results indicate that nov may play an important role in the development and differentiation of brain as well as maintaining the function of | Perbal.B | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，15： | 3 |
| 12 | Carpel of cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L) male flowers maintains early primordia characteristics during organ development显示文摘Diclinism is not only an interesting natural phenomenon in plant kingdom, but also of significance in the yield of crops, e.g. cucumber and watermelon. Cucumber has been a model plant for studying the diclinism for decades. However, it is stili obscure how the carpel primordia of cucumber male flower undergo the developmental processes after the initiation of their development. By showing morphological alternation, metabolic activity, as well as CFL gene expression, the present study demonstrated that the carpel primordia of cucumber male flowers maintained the characteristics of primordium until anthesis, although it developed significantly slower than that of the female flowers. | YANG Lingling CHEN Min LIU Fuquan GENG Yi CHEN Chong LI Yiqin CAO Zongxun XU Zhihong BAI Shunong | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，8： | 3 |
| 13 | Preliminary study on enamel microstructure of Yuanmou Miocene hominoids of China显示文摘Preliminary study on enamel microstructure of 5 lower permanent incisors of Late Mio-cene Yuanmou hominoids was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The enamel incremental markings, as well as perikymata spacing and its periodicity were observed and counted. Using the perikymata number and periodicity, the crown formation times of the incisors are estimated. The transverse and longitudinal microstructures of the enamel prisms are also ob-served. Comparison of the dental development and enamel microstructure features of Yuanmou hominoids with those of Lufeng hominoids shows that there are similarities and also some differ-ences between them. The relationship between Yuanmou hominoids and early hominids is dis-cussed. | 赵凌霞 郑良 高峰 姜础 | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，11： | 2 |
| 14 | Relationship between visual learning/memory ability and brain cAMP level in Drosophila显示文摘Using the flight simulator system, the operant conditioned visual flight orientation behavior in Drosophila was studied. It was demonstrated that the visual learning performance is associated with age; flies learn more reliably at 3-4 days than at 1-2 days of age; the cAMP level of brain is also increasing with age; the brain cAMP content of nonlearner flies of wild type is much higher than that of normal flies; the cAMP level of brain increased abnormally after being fed with caffeine, and the learning performance decreased. These results imply that a moderate range of cAMP level is necessary for the visual learning and memory process. Abnormally high or low level of cAMP causes defects of learning and memory ability. | 王旭 刘力 夏守真 冯春华 郭爱克 | 1998 | Science China(Life Sciences)1998，41，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Formative pluripotent stem cells show features of epiblast cells poised for gastrulation显示文摘The pluripotency of mammalian early and late epiblast could be recapitulated by naïve embryonic stem cells(ESCs)and primed epiblast stem cells(EpiSCs),respectively.However,these two states of pluripotency may not be sufficient to reflect the full complexity and developmental potency of the epiblast during mammalian early development.Here we report the establishment of self-renewing formative pluripotent stem cells(fPSCs)which manifest features of epiblast cells poised for gastrulation.fPSCs can be established from different mouse ESCs,pre-/early-gastrula epiblasts and induced PSCs.Similar to pre-/early-gastrula epiblasts,fPSCs show the transcriptomic features of formative pluripotency,which are distinct from naïve ESCs and primed EpiSCs.fPSCs show the unique epigenetic states of E6.5 epiblast,including the super-bivalency of a large set of developmental genes.Just like epiblast cells immediately before gastrulation,fPSCs can efficiently differentiate into three germ layers and primordial germ cells(PGCs)in vitro.Thus,fPSCs highlight the feasibility of using PSCs to explore the development of mammalian epiblast. | Xiaoxiao Wang Yunlong Xiang Yang Yu Ran Wang Yu Zhang Qianhua Xu Hao Sun Zhen-Ao Zhao Xiangxiang Jiang Xiaoqing Wang Xukun Lu Dandan Qin Yujun Quan Jiaqi Zhang Ng Shyh-Chang Hongmei Wang Naihe Jing Wei Xie Lei Li | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，5： | 2 |
| 16 | The dysregulated autophagy signaling is partially responsible fordefective podocyte development in wt1a mutant zebrafish显示文摘Podocytes are essential elements of the glomerular filtration barrier and relevant to many kidney diseases.But the molecular mechanism in podocyte development is still unclear.Wilms tumor protein(WT1)is an essential factor for urogenital system development.Zebrafish have two wt1 genes,naming wt1a and wt1b.Here,we examined the roles of both wt1 genes in zebrafish embryonic development employing the CRISPR/Cas9 technology.The homozygous wt1a mutants displayed developmental malformations including pericardial edema,yolk sac edema and failure of glomerulus development.Loss of wt1a function disrupted podocyte differentiation and inhibited expression of podocin and nephrin.In contrast,the homozygous wt1b mutants were phenotypically normal and had no severe phenotypes of nephrogenesis defects that were observed in wt1b morpholino knockdown embryos.Therefore,wt1a plays an essential role in kidney development,whereas wt1b might not be essential for kidney development.Interestingly,from previous studies we knew that autophagy is involved in podocyte differentiation.By detecting the protein level of P62 and LC3A/B,we found the autophagy signal was greatly reduced in wt1a mutants.To better understand the relationship between autophagy signal and wt1a function in podocyte development,rapamycin was added to activate autophagy in wt1a-mutated embryos.As a result,podocyte injury was ameliorated in wt1a homozygous mutants by rapamycin treatment.In conclusion,our findings not only confirmed the essential function of wt1a during kidney development,but also provided a possible way for treatment of diseases involving podocyte injury. | Xuemei Zhang Qiaohong Lin Fan Ren Jin Zhang Farman Ullah Dawar Jie Mei | 2018 | Aquaculture and Fisheries2018，3，3： | 2 |
| 17 | 国际责任与中国外交(英文)显示文摘For any country,showing responsibility in international affairs is not only an important source of its legitimacy among global society,but also a crucial factor for its own development.In over 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China(PRC),China has shouldered its due share of international responsibility as a significant element of its diplomatic practice,thus demonstrating its distinctive characteristics in building foreign relations. | 卢静 | 2019 | China International Studies2019，64，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Landscape planning in an East Asian coastal region:the Hang zhou Bay area,China显示文摘1IntroductionMcHargssuitabilityevaluationapproachtoalanduseplanningknownas“ecologicalplanning”haspracticedinsomecountriesofE... | Harvey A. Shapiro Department of Environmental Planning, Osaka Geijutsu University, Higashiyama 469, Kanan cho, Osaka 585 8555, Japan | 1999 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1999，11，2： | 1 |
| 19 | THE UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCE AND THE OASIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ARID LAND—A CASE STUDY OF TURPAN BASIN显示文摘Turpan Basin is a unique geographic region in China. The topography of the Basin is closed and the climate is extremely dry. The shortage of water resource has been restricting the existence and development of the oasis in Turpan Basin. This paper briefly analyzes the characteristics of the basin’s water resources, and expounds the processes of their utilization and regional development. It points out that the exploration of water resource is close to the limit and the utilization of water resource is unreasonable. So it is nonrealistic to follow the traditional exploration pattern. According to the transforming pattern between runoff and groundwater in the basin, an overall planning of the utilization of the water resource is advanced. Based on the relation between the maintenance of Aydingkol Lake and the existence of the oasis, the amount of water resource used must be controlled in order to guarantee the existence of the lake. The orientation of the utilization of water resource is to improve the management level of water resource, and to apply advanced water saving technology. Building up an economic system which can effectively use water resource is the orientation of the oasis sustainable economic development. | Fu Xiaofeng Department of Urban and Resource Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 People’s Republic of China | 1997 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1997，7，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Sino British cooperation for urban environmental enhancement and sustainable development显示文摘This paper gives an overview of the presentations and discussions at the Sino British Workshop on Urban Environmental Enhancement and Sustainable Development held in Beijing from September 9—11, 1998. It summarises the contributions from both the Chinese and British sides to the four major themes of urban sustainability: integrated environmental assessment, water pollution and management, urban transportation and its impacts on air quality, and environmental technology. It also identifies many areas of common interest for further collaboration. | David Norse Department of Geography, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP, UK Lu Yong\|long Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China | 1999 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1999，11，3： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员