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| 1 | Antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of Solanum xanthocarpum leaves(field grown & in vitro raised) extracts on alloxan induced diabetic rats显示文摘Objective:To investigate antidiabetic efficacy of the extract of field grown and in vitro raised leaves of Solanum xanthocarpum(S.xanthocarpum) against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods:The antidiabetic activity of the crude methanol extracts of the field grown and in vitro raised leaves of S.xanthocarpum at different concentrations(100-200 mg/kg bw) was tested against alloxan induced diabetic rats.The antidiabetic efficacy was validated through various biochemical parameters and the antioxidant effect was also determined.The phytochemical analyses of field grown S.xanthocarpum and in vitro rasied 5.xanthocarpum leaves were done by estimating their chlorophyll,carotenoids,total sugar,protein,amino acid and minerals contents. Results:The results revealed that the methanol extracts of both the leaves(field grown and in vitro raised) of S.xanthocarpum was efficient anti hyperglycemic agents at a concentration of 200 mg/kg bw and posses potent antioxidant activity.However,the extracts of in vitro rasied S.xanthocarpum raised leaves exhibit higher efficacy than the field grown leaves in all tested concentrations.Proximal composition and mineral analysis of S.xanthocarpum revealed higher concentration of contents in in vitro rasied S.xanthocarpum than field grown S.xanthocarpum. Conclusions:From the results it can be concluded that the leaves extracts of S.xanthocarpum can be a potential candidate in treating the hyperglycemic conditions and suits to be an agent to reduce oxidative stress. | K Poongothai P Ponmurugan K Syed Zameer Ahmed B Senthil Kumar SA Sheriff | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，10： | 9 |
| 2 | Establishing the presence or absence of chronic kidney disease:Uses and limitations of formulas estimating the glomerular filtration rate显示文摘The development of formulas estimating glomerular filtration rate(eG FR) from serum creatinine and cystatin C and accounting for certain variables affecting the production rate of these biomarkers, including ethnicity, gender and age, has led to the current scheme of diagnosing and staging chronic kidney disease(CKD),which is based on e GFR values and albuminuria.This scheme has been applied extensively in various populations and has led to the current estimates of prevalence of CKD. In addition, this scheme is applied in clinical studies evaluating the risks of CKD and the efficacy of various interventions directed towards improving its course. Disagreements between creatinine-based and cystatin-based e GFR values and between e GFR values and measured GFR have been reported in various cohorts. These disagreements are the consequence of variations in the rate of production and in factors, other than GFR, affecting the rate of removal of creatinine and cystatin C. The disagreements create limitations for all e GFR formulas developed so far. The main limitations are low sensitivity in detecting early CKD in several subjects, e.g., those with hyperfiltration, and poor prediction of the course of CKD. Research efforts in CKD are currently directed towards identification of biomarkers that are better indices of GFR than the current biomarkers and,particularly, biomarkers of early renal tissue injury. | Ahmed Alaini Deepak Malhotra Helbert Rondon-Berrios Christos P Argyropoulos Zeid J Khitan Dominic SC Raj Mark Rohrscheib Joseph I Shapiro Antonios H Tzamaloukas | 2017 | World Journal of Methodology2017，7，3： | 7 |
| 3 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Use of sodium bicarbonate and blood gas monitoring in diabetic ketoacidosis: A review显示文摘Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is a severe and toocommon complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Acidosis is one of the fundamental disruptions stemming from the disease process, the complications of which are potentially lethal. Hydration and insulin administration have been the cornerstones of DKA therapy; however, adjunctive treatments such as the use of sodium bicarbonate and protocols that include serial monitoring with blood gas analysis have been much more controversial. There is substantial literature available regarding the use of exogenous sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderately severe acidosis; the bulk of the data argue against significant benefit in important clinical outcomes and suggest possible adverse effects with the use of bicarbonate. However, there is scant data to support or refute the role of bicarbonate therapy in very severe acidosis. Arterial blood gas(ABG) assessment is an element of some treatment protocols, including society guidelines, for DKA. We review the evidence supporting these recommendations. In addition, we review the data supporting some less cumbersome tests, including venous blood gas assessment and routine chemistries. It remains unclear that measurement of blood gas pH, via arterial or venous sampling, impacts management of the patient substantially enough to warrant the testing, especially if sodium bicarbonate administration is not being considered. There are special circumstances when serial ABG monitoring and/or sodium bicarbonate infusion are necessary, which we also review. Additional studies are needed to determine the utility of these interventions in patients with severe DKA and pH less than 7.0. | Mit P Patel Ali Ahmed Tharini Gunapalan Sean E Hesselbacher | 2018 | World Journal of Diabetes2018，9，11： | 2 |
| 5 | Dynamic capabilities: A review and research agenda显示文摘 | WANG C L AHMED P K | 2007 | International Journal of Management Reviews2007，9，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Further characterization and immuno chemical studies on the carbohydrate specificity of jackfruit(Arotocarpus integrifolia)lectin显示文摘 | Ahmed H Chatterjee B P | 1989 | J Biol Chem1989，264，： | 1 |
| 7 | A novel flow battery-A lead acid battery显示文摘 | AHMED H DEREK P RICHARD W | 2004 | Phys Chem Chem Phys2004，，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Internal marketing,advances in the internal marketing concept:Definition,synthesis and extension显示文摘 | Rafiq M Ahmed P K | 2000 | Service Marketing2000，14，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Dynamic capabilities: A Review and Research Agenda 显示文摘 | Wang C L Ahmed P K | 2007 | International Journal of Management Reviews2007，，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Medlda: Maximum Mar- gin Supervised Topic Models 显示文摘 | ZHU Jun AHMED Amr XING Eric P | 2012 | Journal of Machine Learning Research2012，13，： | 1 |
| 11 | Factors in productiv- ity and unit cost for advanced machine guidance 显示文摘 | Jonasson S Dunston P S Ahmed K | 2002 | Journal :ff construction engineering and management2002，128，5： | 1 |
| 12 | The prevalence and association of neck (coat-hanger) pain and orthostatic (postural)hypotension in human spinal cord injury显示文摘 | Cariga P Ahmed S Mathias CJ | 2002 | Spinal Cord2002，40，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Multivariate multiscale entro py a tool for complexity analysis of multichannel data显示文摘 | AHMED M U MANDIC D P | 2011 | Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys2011，84，61： | 1 |
| 14 | Prevalence of pressuresores in a community sample of spinal injury patient显示文摘 | Raghavan P Raza WA Ahmed YS | 2003 | ClinRehabil2003，17，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Molecular markers for human colon cancer in stool and blood identified by RT-PCR显示文摘 | Ahmed FE Vos P | 2004 | Anticancer Res2004，24，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Correlated binocular activity guides recovery from monocular deprivation显示文摘 | KIND P C MITCHELL D E AHMED B | 2002 | Nature2002，416，6879： | 1 |
| 17 | Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater显示文摘 | Nickson R T McArthur J M Burgess W G Ahmed K M Ravenscroft P Rahman M | 1998 | Nature1998，395，： | 1 |
| 18 | Evaluation of Trichoderma harzianum for controlling root rot caused by Phytophthora capsici in pepper plants显示文摘 | SID AHMED A PéREZ-SáNCHEZ C EGEA C | 1999 | Plant Pathology1999，48，： | 1 |
| 19 | Purification and partial characterization of milk-clotting enzyme extracted from glutinous rice wine mash liquor显示文摘 | WANG Y P CHENG Q L AHMED Z | 2009 | Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering2009，26，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Corrosion durability and structural response of functionally-graded concrete beams显示文摘 | MAALEJ M AHMED S F U PARAMASIVAM P | 2003 | Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology2003，1，3： | 1 |
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