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| 1 | NS1 antigen: A new beam of light in the early diagnosis of dengue infection显示文摘Objective: To evaluate NS1 antigen detection ELISA for the early laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the overall positivity of NS1 antigen detection ELISA and its comparison with viral RNA detection via real time PCR and Ig M antibodies detection by ELISA. Results: A total of 1 270 serum samples were tested 86%(1 097/1 270) were detected positive by one or more than one diagnostic test. Out of 1 270, 64%(807/1 270) were positive by NS1 ELISA and 52%(662/1 270), 51%(646/1 270) were positive by real-time RT-PCR and Ig M ELISA respectively.Conclusions: NS1 antigen detection ELISA is highly suitable diagnostic tools and it also has great value for use in outbreak and epidemic situation. | Muhammad Suleman Rani Faryal Muhammad Masroor Alam Salmaan Sharif Shahzad Shaukat Uzma Bashir Aamir Adnan Khurshid Mehar Angez Massab Umair Mian Muhammad Sufian Yasir Arshad Ghulam Mujtaba Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，12： | 6 |
| 2 | ‘Human bocavirus in Pakistani children with gastroenteritis’显示文摘 | Muhammad Masroor Alam Adnan Khurshid Shahzad Shaukat Salmaan Sharif Rana Muhammad Suleman Mehar Angez Nadia Nisar Uzma Bashir Aamir Muhammad Naeem Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi | 2015 | J. Med. Virol2015，，： | 1 |
| 3 | Data-Driven Probabilistic S for Batsman Performance Prediction in a Cricket Match显示文摘Batsmen are the backbone of any cricket team and their selection is very critical to the team’s success.A good batsman not only scores run but also provides stability to the team’s innings.The most important factor in selecting a batsman is their ability to score runs.It is a generally accepted notion that the future performance of a batsman can be predicted by observing and analyzing their past record.This hypothesis is based on the fact that a player’s batting aver-age is generally considered to be a good indicator of their future performance.We proposed a data-driven probabilistic system for batsman performance prediction in the game of cricket.It captures the dependencies between the runs scored by a batsman in consecutive balls.The system is evaluated using a dataset extracted from the Cricinfo website.The system is based on a Hidden Markov model(HMM).HMM is used to generate the prediction model to foresee players’upcoming performances.The first-order Markov chain assumes that the probabil-ity of a batsman scoring runs in the next ball is only dependent on how many runs he scored in the current ball.We use a data-driven approach to learn the para-meters of the HMM from data.A probabilistic matrix is made that predicts what scores the batter can do on the upcoming balls.The results show that the system can accurately predict the runs scored by a batsman in a ball. | Fawad Nasim Muhammad Adnan Yousaf Sohail Masood Arfan Jaffar Muhammad Rashid | 2023 | Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing2023，，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Defending Adversarial Examples by a Clipped Residual U-Net Model显示文摘Deep learning-based systems have succeeded in many computer vision tasks.However,it is found that the latest study indicates that these systems are in danger in the presence of adversarial attacks.These attacks can quickly spoil deep learning models,e.g.,different convolutional neural networks(CNNs),used in various computer vision tasks from image classification to object detection.The adversarial examples are carefully designed by injecting a slight perturbation into the clean images.The proposed CRU-Net defense model is inspired by state-of-the-art defense mechanisms such as MagNet defense,Generative Adversarial Net-work Defense,Deep Regret Analytic Generative Adversarial Networks Defense,Deep Denoising Sparse Autoencoder Defense,and Condtional Generattive Adversarial Network Defense.We have experimentally proved that our approach is better than previous defensive techniques.Our proposed CRU-Net model maps the adversarial image examples into clean images by eliminating the adversarial perturbation.The proposed defensive approach is based on residual and U-Net learning.Many experiments are done on the datasets MNIST and CIFAR10 to prove that our proposed CRU-Net defense model prevents adversarial example attacks in WhiteBox and BlackBox settings and improves the robustness of the deep learning algorithms especially in the computer visionfield.We have also reported similarity(SSIM and PSNR)between the original and restored clean image examples by the proposed CRU-Net defense model. | Kazim Ali Adnan N.Qureshi Muhammad Shahid Bhatti Abid Sohail Mohammad Hijji | 2023 | Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing2023，，2： | 0 |
| 5 | Dengue outbreak in Swat and Mansehra,Pakistan 2013;an epidemiological and diagnostic perspective显示文摘Objective:To High light some epidemiological,clinical and diagnostic features of dengue fever during an outbreak and the role of different diagnostic techniques to achieve the highest level of accuracy in results.Methods:Blood samples(n=323) were collected along with epidemiological and clinical data from suspected dengue patients who visited different hospitals in Swat and Mansehra district of Pakistan between May-November 2013 during a dengue outbreak.Samples were tested for the detection of viral nucleic acid by real-lime PCR.non structural protein-1(NS1antigen and IgM antibodies by ELISA.Results:Out of 323 cases with clinical dengue infection,304 were positive by one or more diagnostic parameter:201 samples were positive by real-time PCR,209 were positive by NS1 ELISA and 190 were positive by IgM antibodies.Sensitivities of real-time PCR and NS1 F.LISA were comparable for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection.IgM antibody detection assay was found useful for the diagnosis in the samples collected later than day 5 of onset.Conclusions:The use of real-lime PCR or detection of non stnictural protein NS 1 by ELISA followed by IgM antibodies detection can be recommended for early diagnosis of dengue virus infection with a high level of accuracy. | Muhammad Suleman Rani Faryal Uzma Bashir Aamir Muhammad Masroor Alam Nadia Nisar Salmaan Sharif Shahzad Shaukat Adnan Khurshid Mehar Angez Massab Umair Ghulam Mujtaba Mian Muhammad Sufian Yasir Arshad Lubna Rehman Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，4： | 0 |
| 6 | Enhancing Cloud Performance Using File Format Classifications显示文摘Metaheuristic approaches in cloud computing have shown significant results due to theirmulti-objective advantages.These approaches are now considering hybridmetaheuristics combining the relative optimized benefits of two or more algorithms resulting in the least tradeoffs among several factors.The critical factors such as execution time,throughput time,response time,energy consumption,SLA violations,communication overhead,makespan,and migration time need careful attention while designing such dynamic algorithms.To improve such factors,an optimizedmulti-objective hybrid algorithm is being proposed that combines the relative advantages of Cat Swarm Optimization(CSO)with machine learning classifiers such as Support Vector Machine(SVM).The adopted approach is based on SVMone to many classification models of machine learning that performs the classifications of various data format types in the cloud with best accuracy.In CSO,grouping phase is used to divide the data files as audio,video,image,and text which is further extended by polynomial Kernel function based on various input features and used for optimized load balancing.Overall,proposed approach works well and achieved performance efficiency in evaluated QoS metrics such as average energy consumption by 12%,migration time by 9%,and optimization time by 10%,in the presence of competitor baselines. | Muhammad Junaid Adnan Sohail Monagi H.Alkinani Adeel Ahmed Mehmood Ahmed Faisal Rehman | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，2： | 0 |
| 7 | National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26,2023,at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute&Research Centre(PKLI&RC)after initial consultations with the experts.The Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases(PSSLD)and PKLI&RC jointly organised this meeting.This effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma(hCCA).The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these patients.This coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective palliation.The diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreato-graphy.Brush cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for diagnosis.However,histopathologic confirmation is not always required before resection.Endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for staging.The only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette classification.Selected patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver transplantation.Adjuvant chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of recurrence.The use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary discussions.Patients with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary drainage.Palliative chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA. | Faisal Saud Dar Zaigham Abbas Irfan Ahmed Muhammad Atique Usman Iqbal Aujla Muhammad Azeemuddin Zeba Aziz Abu Bakar Hafeez Bhatti Tariq Ali Bangash Amna Subhan Butt Osama Tariq Butt Abdul Wahab Dogar Javed Iqbal Farooqi Faisal Hanif Jahanzaib Haider Siraj Haider Syed Mujahid Hassan Adnan Abdul Jabbar Aman Nawaz Khan Muhammad Shoaib Khan Muhammad Yasir Khan Amer Latif Nasir Hassan Luck Ahmad Karim Malik Kamran Rashid Sohail Rashid Mohammad Salih Abdullah Saeed Amjad Salamat Ghias-un-Nabi Tayyab Aasim Yusuf Haseeb Haider Zia Ammara Naveed | 2024 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2024，30，9： | 0 |
| 8 | Preliminary Seroepidemiological survey of dengue infections in Pakistan,2009-2014显示文摘Background:Dengue virus is the causative agent of dengue fever,a vector borne infection which causes selflimiting to life threatening disease in humans.A sero-epidemiological study was conducted to understand the current epidemiology of dengue virus in Pakistan which is now known as a dengue endemic country after its first reported outbreak in 1994.Methods:To investigate the prevalence of dengue virus in Pakistan during 2009-2014,a total of 9,493 blood samples were screened for the detection of anti-dengue IgM antibodies using ELISA.Clinical and demographic features available with hospital records were reviewed to ascertain mortalities related to dengue hemorrhagic shock syndrome.Results:Out of 9,493 samples tested,37%(3,504)were found positive for anti-dengue IgM antibodies.Of the seropositive cases,73.6%(2,578/3,504)were male and 26.4%(926/3,504)were female.The highest number(382/929;41.1%)of sero-positive cases was observed among the individuals of age group 31-40 years.The highest number of symptomatic cases was reported in October(46%;4,400/9,493),and the highest number of sero-positive cases among symptomatic cases was observed in November(45.7%;806/1,764).Mean annual patient incidence(MAPI)during 2009-2014 in Pakistan remained 0.30 with the highest annual patient incidence(11.03)found in Islamabad.According to the available medical case record,472 dengue related deaths were reported during 2009-2014.Conclusion:The data from earlier reports in Pakistan described the dengue virus incidence from limited areas of the country.Our findings are important considering the testing of clinical samples at a larger scale covering patients of vast geographical regions and warrants timely implementation of dengue vector surveillance and control programs.Trial registration number:It is an epidemiological research study,so trial registration is not required. | Muhammad Suleman Hyeong-Woo Lee Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi Muhammad Masroor Alam Nadia Nisar Uzma Bashir Aamir Salmaan Sharif Shahzad Shaukat Adnan Khurshid Mehar Angez Massab Umair Ghulam Mujtaba Rani Faryal | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 0 |
| 9 | A Longitudinal Survey for Genome-based Identification of SARS-CoV-2 in Sewage Water in Selected Lockdown Areas of Lahore City, Pakistan: A Potential Approach for Future Smart Lockdown Strategy显示文摘In 2019,the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 virus caused pneumonia-like illness.The disease rapidly spread globally,leading to a worldwide outbreak referred to as the COVID-19 pandemic. | Tahir Yaqub Muhammad Nawaz Muhammad Z.Shabbir Muhammad A.Ali Imran Altaf Sohail Raza Muhammad A.B.Shabbir Muhammad A.Ashraf Syed Z.Aziz Sohai l Q.Cheema Muhammad B.Shah Saira Rafique Sohail Hassan Nageen Sardar Adnan Mehmood Muhammad W.Aziz Sehar Fazal Nadir Hussain Muhammad T.Khan Muhammad M.Atique Ali Asif Muhammad Anwar Nabeel A.Awan Muhammad U.Younis Muhammad A.Bhattee Zarfishan Tahir Nadia Mukhtar Huda Sarwar Maaz S.Rana Omair Farooq | 2021 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2021，34，9： | 0 |
| 10 | Convection Heat Transfer from Heated Thin Cylinders Inside a Ventilated Enclosure显示文摘Experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of velocity of axial fan,outlet vent height,position,area,and aspect ratio(h/w)of ventilated enclosure on convection heat transfer.Rectangular wooden ventilated enclosure having top and front transparent wall was made up of Perspex for visualization,and internal physical dimensions of box were 200 mm×200 mm×400 mm.Inlet vent was at bottom while outlet vents were at the side and top wall.Electrically heated cylindrical heat source having 6.1 slenderness ratio was fabricated and hanged at the centre of the enclosure.To calculate heat transfer rates,thermocouples were attached to the inner surface of heat source with silica gel.Heat source was operated at constant heat flux in order to quantify the effect of velocity of air on heat transfer.It was observed that average Nusselt number was increased from 68 to 216 by changing velocity from 0 to 3.34 m/s at constant modified Grashof number i.e.5.67E+09.While variation in outlet height at the front wall did not affect heat transfer in forced convection region.However,Nusselt number decreased to 5%by changing the outlet position from top to the front wall or by 50%reduction in outlet area during forced convection.Mean rise in temperature of enclosure increased from 8.19 K to 9.40 K by increasing aspect ratio of enclosure from 1.5 to 2 by operating heat source at constant heat flux i.e.541.20 w/m^(2). | Ali Riaz Adnan Ibrahim Muhammad Sohail Bashir Muhammad Abdullah Ajmal Shah Abdul Quddus | 2022 | Semiconductor Science and Information Devices2022，4，2： | 0 |
| 11 | Experimentation on Optimal Configuration and Size of Thin Cylinders in Natural Convection显示文摘In this paper,an experimental study of laminar,steady state natural convection heat transfer from heated thin cylinders in an infinite air medium has been reported.Two electrically heated cylinders having the same slenderness ratio(L/D)i.e.6.1 but different diameters i.e.3.8 cm and 5.08 cm were used.105 experiments were carried out to study the effect of diameter and inclination angle of thin cylinder on natural convection heat transfer.After mandatory corrections of radiation and endcap heat losses,convective heat transfer results were presented in the form of local and average dimensionless numbers.For vertical configuration of thin cylinder,Nusselt number was varied from 52.99 to 95.10 corresponding to 1.28×10^(8)≤Ra*L≤1.08×10^(10).While for horizontal configuration,Nusselt number was varied from 10.74 to 17.78 corresponding to 9.42×10^(4)≤Ra*D≤8.17×10^(6).Results were compared with the published data and found satisfactory as the maximum percentage difference was only 3.09%.The essence of research is that the heat transfer coefficient increases with decrease in diameter and increase in inclination angle.Smoke flow visualization was done to capture patterns of fluid flow.Finally,comparison was made to quantify increase in Nusselt number from slender cylinder as compared to the flat plate. | Ali Riaz Adnan Ibrahim Muhammad Sohail Bashir Masroor Asghar Muhammad Abdullah Ajmal Shah | 2022 | Semiconductor Science and Information Devices2022，4，2： | 0 |
| 12 | De-Noising Brain MRI Images by Mixing Concatenation and Residual Learning(MCR)显示文摘Brain magnetic resonance images(MRI)are used to diagnose the different diseases of the brain,such as swelling and tumor detection.The quality of the brain MR images is degraded by different noises,usually salt&pepper and Gaussian noises,which are added to the MR images during the acquisition process.In the presence of these noises,medical experts are facing problems in diagnosing diseases from noisy brain MR images.Therefore,we have proposed a de-noising method by mixing concatenation,and residual deep learning techniques called the MCR de-noising method.Our proposed MCR method is to eliminate salt&pepper and gaussian noises as much as possible from the brain MRI images.The MCR method has been trained and tested on the noise quantity levels 2%to 20%for both salt&pepper and gaussian noise.The experiments have been done on publically available brain MRI image datasets,which can easily be accessible in the experiments and result section.The Structure Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)calculate the similarity score between the denoised images by the proposed MCR method and the original clean images.Also,the Mean Squared Error(MSE)measures the error or difference between generated denoised and the original images.The proposed MCR denoising method has a 0.9763 SSIM score,84.3182 PSNR,and 0.0004 MSE for salt&pepper noise;similarly,0.7402 SSIM score,72.7601 PSNR,and 0.0041 MSE for Gaussian noise at the highest level of 20%noise.In the end,we have compared the MCR method with the state-of-the-art de-noising filters such as median and wiener de-noising filters. | Kazim Ali Adnan N.Qureshi Muhammad Shahid Bhatti Abid Sohail Muhammad Hijji Atif Saeed | 2023 | Computer Systems Science & Engineering2023，45，5： | 0 |
| 13 | Deep Image Restoration Model: A Defense Method Against Adversarial Attacks显示文摘These days,deep learning and computer vision are much-growing fields in this modern world of information technology.Deep learning algorithms and computer vision have achieved great success in different applications like image classification,speech recognition,self-driving vehicles,disease diagnostics,and many more.Despite success in various applications,it is found that these learning algorithms face severe threats due to adversarial attacks.Adversarial examples are inputs like images in the computer vision field,which are intentionally slightly changed or perturbed.These changes are humanly imperceptible.But are misclassified by a model with high probability and severely affects the performance or prediction.In this scenario,we present a deep image restoration model that restores adversarial examples so that the target model is classified correctly again.We proved that our defense method against adversarial attacks based on a deep image restoration model is simple and state-of-the-art by providing strong experimental results evidence.We have used MNIST and CIFAR10 datasets for experiments and analysis of our defense method.In the end,we have compared our method to other state-ofthe-art defense methods and proved that our results are better than other rival methods. | Kazim Ali Adnan N.Quershi Ahmad Alauddin Bin Arifin Muhammad Shahid Bhatti Abid Sohail Rohail Hassan | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，5： | 0 |
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