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| 1 | Clinical trials on corticosteroids for diabetic macular edema显示文摘Diabetic macular edema(DME)is a common cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients.It is caused by an increase in the permeability of the perifoveal capillaries and a disruption of the blood retinal-barrier.The pathogenesis of DME is multifactorial.Several therapeutic modalities have been proposed for the treatment of DME.Corticosteroid treatments have emerged as an alternative therapy for persistent DME or refractory to conventional laser photocoagulation and other modalities,due to anti-inflammatory,anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and anti-proliferative effects.Many studies have demonstrated the beneficial therapeutic effect of corticosteroids with improvement to both retinal thickness and visual acuity in short-term on the treatment of DME.Peribulbar and intravitreal injections have been used to deliver steroids for DME with frequent injections due to the chronic and recurrent nature of the disease.Steroid-related side effects include elevated intraocular pressure,cataract,and injection related complications such as endophthalmitis,vitreous hemorrhage,and retinal detachment particularly with intravitreal steroid injections.In order to reduce the risks,complications and frequent dosing of intravitreal steroids,intravitreal implants have been developed recently to provide sustained release of corticosteroids and reduce repeated intravitreal injections for the management of DME. | Hassan A Al Dhibi J Fernando Arevalo | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 17 |
| 2 | 大气二氧化氮与每日总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的短期关联:398个城市的多中心分析显示文摘目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高收入国家/地区的398个城市。主要结局指标:1973—2018年逐日总死亡人数(6280万人)、心血管疾病死亡人数(1970万人)和呼吸系统疾病死亡人数(550万人)。结果:平均而言,NO_(2)浓度在滞后1天(前1天)每增加10μg/m^(3),会导致总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.46%(95%可信区间0.36%~0.57%)、0.37%(0.22%~0.51%)、0.47%(0.21%~0.72%)。在对共污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、臭氧、二氧化硫和一氧化碳)进行调整后,这些关联仍然很稳定。所有3种死因的暴露-反应曲线几乎是线性的,没有明显的阈值。在398个城市中,可归因于高过假定零水平的NO_(2)浓度造成的死亡比例为1.23%(95%可信区间0.96%~1.51%)。结论:这项多中心研究提供了关于NO_(2)短期暴露与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统死亡风险之间的独立和线性关联的关键证据,说明通过加强NO_(2)的控制和监管限制标准,可获得人群水平的健康收益。 | 孟夏 刘聪(校) 陈仁杰 郑湃(译) 阚海东(校) Francesco Sera Ana Vicedo-Cabrera Ai Milojevic Maria Guo Yuming Tong Shilu Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelh Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Eric Lavigne Patricia Matus Correa Nicolas Valdes Ortega Samuel Osorio Garcia Jan Kysely Ales Urban Hans Orru Marek Maasikmets Jouni J K Jaakkola Niilo Ryti Veronika Huber Alexandra Schneider Klea Katsouyanni Antonis Analitis Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda Chris Fook Sheng Ng Baltazar Nunes João Paulo Teixeira Iulian Horia Holobaca Simona Fratianni Ho Kim Aurelio Tobias Carmeníniguez Bertil Forsberg ChristoferÅström Martina S Ragettli Yue-Liang Leon Guo Shih-Chun Pan Shanshan Li Michelle L Bell Antonella Zanobetti Joel Schwartz Tangchun Wu Antonio Gasparrini | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，8： | 7 |
| 3 | 中等收入国家年轻人脑卒中发病率增加:基于10年人口的研究显示文摘高收入国家年轻人脑卒中的发病率正在上升。然而,低收入和中等收入国家年轻人的脑卒中发病趋势仍未知。该研究旨在分析2005—2015年在巴西Joinville的年轻人的缺血性脑卒中(isehemic stroke,IS)和脑出血的发病趋势。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Cabral NL Freire AT Conforto AB Dos Santos N Reis FI Nagel V Guesser VV Safanelli J Longo AL | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，11： | 6 |
| 4 | Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis显示文摘 | V Arroyo P Gines AL Gerbes FJ Dudley P Gentilini G Laffi TB Reynolds H Ring-Larsen J Scholmerich | 1996 | Hepatology1996，，1： | 3 |
| 5 | The endoscopic assessment of esophagitis: A progress report on observer agreement显示文摘 | D Armstrong JR Bennett AL Blum J Dent FT De Dombal JP Galmiche L Lundell M Margulies JE Richter SJ Spechler GN Tytgat L Wallin | 1996 | Gastroenterology1996，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 7 | Wnt signaling controls the phosphorylation status of beta-catenin显示文摘 | van Noort M Meeldijk J van der Zee R el al | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 8 | The role of ErbB-2 tyrosine kinase receptor in cellular intrinsic chemoresistance: mechanisms and implications显示文摘 | Alaoui-Jamali MA Paterson J Al Moustafa AE | 1997 | Biochem Cell Biol1997，75，4： | 2 |
| 9 | Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in a chimpanzee is associated with emergence of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variant 显示文摘 | Weiner A Erickson AL Kansopon J | 1995 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1995，92，7： | 2 |
| 10 | Definition and diagnostic criteria of refractory ascites and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis显示文摘 | V Arroyo P Gines AL Gerbes FJ Dudley P Gentilini G Laffi TB Reynolds H Ring-Larsen J Scholmerich | 1996 | Hepatology1996，，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Vertebroplasty versus conservative treatment in acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (Vertos II): an open-label randomised trial显示文摘 | Caroline AH Klazen Paul NM Lohle Jolanda de Vries Frits H Jansen Alexander V Tielbeek Marion C Blonk Alexander Venmans Willem Jan J van Rooij Marinus C Schoemaker Job R Juttmann Tjoen H Lo Harald JJ Verhaar Yolanda van der Graaf Kaspar J van Everdingen Al | 2010 | 2010 (9746)2010，，9746： | 2 |
| 12 | Inter-ethnic marriages and severity of coronary artery disease:A multicenter study of Arabian Gulf States显示文摘AIM To assess the association of inter-ethnic vs intra-ethnic marriage with severity of coronary artery disease(CAD) in men undergoing angiography.METHODS We conducted a prospective multicenter,multi-ethnic,cross sectional observational study at five hospitals in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates,in which we used logistic regression analysis with and without adjustment for baseline differences. RESULTS Data were collected for 1068 enrolled patients undergoing coronary angiography for clinical indications during the period of April 1^(st),2013 to March 30^(th),2014. Ethnicities of spouses were available only for male patients. Of those enrolled,687 were married men and constituted the cohort for the present analysis. Intra-ethnic marriages were reported in 70% and inter-ethnic marriages in 30%. After adjusting for baseline differences,interethnic marriage was associated with lower odds of having significant CAD [adjusted odds ratio 0.52(95%CI:0.33,0.81)] or multi-vessel disease(MVD) [adjusted odds ratio 0.57(95%CI:0.37,0.86)]. The adjusted association with left main disease showed a similar trend,but was not statistically significant [adjusted odds ratio 0.74(95%CI:0.41,1.32)]. The association between interethnic marriage and the presence of significant CAD and MVD was not modified by number of concurrent wives(P interaction > 0.05 for both).CONCLUSION Among married men undergoing coronary angiography,inter-ethnic,as compared to intra-ethnic,marriage is associated with lower odds of significant CAD and MVD. | Amin Daoulah Salem Al-kaabi Amir Lotfi Mushabab Al-Murayeh S Ali Nasseri Waleed Ahmed Salah N Al-Otaibi Mohamed N Alama Osama E Elkhateeb Amy J Plotkin Majed M Malak Khalid Alshali Mohamed Hamzi Saleh Al Khunein Mohammed Abufayyah Alawi A Alsheikh-Ali | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，4： | 2 |
| 13 | 缺血性脑卒中的A—S-C—O(表型)分类显示文摘背景和目的:国际5国脑血管病专家提出一种新的脑卒中亚型分类法,旨在介绍完整的“脑卒中表型”分类的新观念,该分类是包括脑卒中的病因和存在的所有病因相关的疾病,并将病因疾病按严重程度分成3级。这与TOAST等缺血性脑卒中亚型分类不同,只应用脑卒中最可能的病因分类。 | Amarenco P Bogousslavsky J Caplan LR,et al 李新 王纪佐 | 2010 | 中华神经科杂志2010，43，6： | 2 |
| 14 | Stromal invasion of the cervix can be excluded from the criteria using adjuvant radiotherapy following radical surgery for patients with cervical cancer显示文摘 | Shimada M Kigawa J Takahashi M er al | 2004 | Gynecol Oncol2004，93，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Evidence that the lateral septurn is involved in the antidepressant-like effects of the vasopressin Vlb receptor antagonist, SSR149415显示文摘 | Stemmelin J l ukovic L Salome N el al | 2005 | Neuropsychopharmacology2005，30，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Ifosfamide,etoposide and epirubicin is an effective combined salvage and peripheral blood stem cell mobihsation regimen for transplant-eligible patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin disease 显示文摘 | Bishton M J Lush R J Byrne JL el al | 2007 | Br J Haematol2007，136，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Maternal- fetal status of copper, iron, molybdenum, selenium and zinc in obese pregnant women in late gestation显示文摘 | Al - Saleh E Nandakumaran M Al - Harmi J | 2006 | Biol Trace Elem Res2006，113，： | 1 |
| 18 | Risk factor for primary dysfunction after liver transplantation in the University of Wisconsin solution era 显示文摘 | Brokehnan W Stel AL Ploeg R J | 1999 | Transplant Proc1999，31，5： | 1 |
| 19 | sinensis: regeneration and characterization of hybrid shoots显示文摘 | XU X Y HU Z Y LI J F et aL Asymmetric somatic hybridization between UV-irradiated Citrus unshiu and C | 2007 | Plant Cell Reports2007，26，： | 1 |
| 20 | Local excision of rectal cancer review of literature 显示文摘 | Nastro P Beral D Hartley J el al | 2005 | Dig Surg2005，22，12： | 1 |
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