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| 1 | Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging of liver: Principles, clinical applications and recent updates显示文摘Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI), a functional imaging technique exploiting the Brownian motion of water molecules, is increasingly shown to have value in various oncological and non-oncological applications. Factors such as the ease of acquisition and ability to obtain functional information in the absence of intravenous contrast, especially in patients with abnormal renal function, have contributed to the growing interest in exploring clinical applications of DWI. In the liver, DWI demonstrates a gamut of clinical applications ranging from detecting focal liver lesions to monitoring response in patients undergoing serial follow-up after loco-regional and systemic therapies. DWI is also being applied in the evaluation of diffuse liver diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. In this review, we intend to review the basic principles, technique, current clinical applications and future trends of DW-MRI in the liver. | Anuradha Shenoy-Bhangle Vinit Baliyan Hamed Kordbacheh Alexander R Guimaraes Avinash Kambadakone | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，26： | 21 |
| 2 | 重视儿童伤害预防 落实有效干预措施显示文摘伤害是全球儿童面临的健康威胁,也是中国1-17岁儿童的首位死因。儿童伤害预防是非常具有投入产出效益的一项公共卫生措施,国内外多年的研究和实践也证明相关儿童伤害干预措施的有效性。建议加强伤害防控工作的部门分工与协调机制,确保必要的财政经费支持,以广泛实施各项有效的干预措施,保障儿童健康成长。 | 孙辉 黄小娜 Anuradha Narayan | 2021 | 中华流行病学杂志2021，42，8： | 7 |
| 3 | Genetic polymorphism in CD14 gene, a co-receptor of TLR4 associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM To evaluate the pathogenic role of toll-like receptor(TLR) gene polymorphisms in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).METHODS Two hundred and fifty subjects(NAFLD = 200, healthy volunteers = 50) underwent polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to assess one polymorphism in the toll-like receptor 2(TLR2) gene(A753G), two polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene(TLR4 Asp299 Gly and Thr399 Ile allele), and two polymorphisms in the cluster of differentiation 14(CD14)(C-159 T and C-550T) gene, a co-receptor of TLR4. Association of TLR gene polymorphisms with NAFLD and its severity was evaluated by genetic models of association.RESULTS On both multiplicative and recessive models of gene polymorphism association, there was significant association of CD14 C(-159) T polymorphism with NAFLD; patients with TT genotype had a 2.6 fold increased risk of developing NAFLD in comparison to CC genotype. There was no association of TLR2 Arg753 Gln, TLR4 Asp299 Gly, Thr399 Ile, and CD14 C(-550) T polymorphisms with NAFLD. None of the TLR gene polymorphisms had an association with histological severity of NAFLD.CONCLUSION Patients with CD14 C(-159) T gene polymorphism, a co-receptor of TLR4, have an increased risk of NAFLD development. | Shweta Kapil Ajay Duseja Bal Krishan Sharma Bhupesh Singla Anuradha Chakraborti Ashim Das Pallab Ray Radha K Dhiman Yogesh Chawla | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，42： | 7 |
| 4 | Curcumin-primed and curcuminloaded exosomes:potential neural therapy显示文摘Curcumin:Curcumin is a yellow colored compound found in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa(turmeric),a member of the ginger family(Zingiberaceae).Structurally curcumin is a diarylheptanoid,a tautomeric compound,present in keto form in water and enolic form in the organic solvents.The therapeutic | Anuradha Kalani Pankaj Chaturvedi | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，2： | 6 |
| 5 | Radiation-induced sarcomas of the head and neck显示文摘With improved outcomes associated with radiotherapy, radiation-induced sarcomas(RIS) are increasingly seen in long-term survivors of head and neck cancers, with an estimated risk of up to 0.3%. They exhibit no subsite predilection within the head and neck and can arise in any irradiated tissue of mesenchymal origin. Common histologic subtypes of RIS parallel their de novo counterparts and include osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma/sarcoma nitricoxide synthase, and fibrosarcoma. While imaging features of RIS are not pathognomonic, large size, extensive local invasion with bony destruction, marked enhancement within a prior radiotherapy field, and an appropriate latency period are suggestive of a diagnosis of RIS. RIS development may be influenced by factors such as radiation dose, age at initial exposure, exposure to chemotherapeutic agents and genetic tendency. Precise pathogenetic mechanisms of RIS are poorly understood and both directly mutagenizing effects of radiotherapy as well as changes in microenvironments are thought to play a role. Management of RIS is challenging, entailing surgery in irradiated tissue and a limited scope for further radiotherapy and chemotherapy. RIS is associated with significantly poorer outcomes than stagematched sarcomas that arise independent of irradiationand surgical resection with clear margins seems to offer the best chance for cure. | Anuradha Thiagarajan N Gopalakrishna Iyer | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 5 |
| 6 | Clinical characteristics and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma in alcohol related and cryptogenic cirrhosis: a prospective study显示文摘BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is becoming a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of its complications. Although the pathophysiology is unclear, it is reasonable to expect that cryptogenic cirrhosis related HCC(cryptogenic HCC) behaves differently to other types of HCC. This study prospectively compared patients with cryptogenic HCC and those with HCC related to alcoholic cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 150 consecutive patients with HCC(89 cryptogenic HCC and 61 alcohol related HCC) referred to our unit over a 23-month period were studied. Their demographic data, liver function, tumor characteristics and outcomes were compared.RESULTS: Alcohol related HCC was seen only in males. Compared with cryptogenic HCC, alcohol related HCC had significantly higher aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase(AST/ALT) ratio(1.7 vs 1.4, P=0.002), model for endstage liver disease score(13 vs 11, P=0.018) and Child's score(7 vs 6, P=0.037). No significant difference was seen in platelet counts, serum sodium and AST to platelet ratio index. Single nodular tumors were more common in cryptogenic HCC,while diffuse type tumors and macroscopic vascular invasion were common in alcohol related HCC. In patients who could not be offered any treatment because of advanced tumors or poor liver function, alcohol related HCC had a significantly lower median survival(5.3 months) compared with cryptogenic HCC(9.3 months, P=0.034).CONCLUSIONS: Compared with cryptogenic HCC, alcohol related HCC had worse liver function and aggressive tumor morphology at presentation, and a higher proportion was untreatable. In patients who could not be treated, median survival was lower in patients with alcohol related HCC than in those with cryptogenic HCC. | Rohan C Siriwardana Maduni A Niriella Anuradha S Dassanayake Chandika Liyanage Bhagya Gunathilaka Subani Jayathunge Hithanadura J de Silva | 2015 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2015，14，4： | 5 |
| 7 | Anti-endothelial cell antibody rich sera from rheumatic heart disease patients induces proinflammatory phenotype and methylation alteration in endothelial cells显示文摘Rheumatic heart disease(RHD)is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in developing nations like India.RHD commonly affects the mitral valve which is lined by a single layer of endothelial cells(ECs).The role of ECs in mitral valve damage during RHD is not well elucidated.In here,anti-endothelial cell antibody from RHD patients has been used to stimulate the ECs(HUVECs and HMVECs).ECs proinflammatory phenotype with increased expression of TNFa,IL-6,IL-8,IFNg,IL-1b,ICAM1,VCAM1,E-selectin,laminin B,and vimentin was documented in both ECs.The promoter hypomethylation of various key inflammatory cytokines(TNFa,IL-6,and IL-8),integrin(ICAM1)associated with leukocyte transendothelial migration,and extracellular matrix genes(vimentin,and laminin)were also observed.Further,the in-vitro data was in accordance with ex-vivo observations which correlated significantly with the etiological factors such as smoking,socioeconomic status,and housing.Thus,the study sheds light on the role of ECs in RHD which is a step forward in the elucidation of disease pathogenesis. | Mukul Rastogi Subendu Sarkar Ankita Makol Rana Sandip Singh Uma Nahar Saikia Dibyajyoti Banerjee Seema Chopra Anuradha Chakraborti | 2018 | Genes & Diseases2018，5，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Adansonia digitata L.(baobab):a review of traditional information and taxonomic description显示文摘Adansonia digitata L.(Malvaceae) is commonly known as baobab tree native to Africa.Baobab is a multi-purpose tree which offers protection and provides food,clothing and medicine as well as raw material for many useful items.The fruit pulp,seeds,leaves,flowers.roots,and bark of baobab are edible and they have been studied by scientists for their useful properties.The fruit pulp have very high vitamin C.calcium,phosphorus,carbohydrates,fibers,potassium,proteins and lipids content,which can be used in seasoning as an appetizer and also make juices.Seeds contain appreciable quantities of phosphorus,magnesium,zinc,sodium,iron,manganese,whereas they have high levels of lysine,thiamine,calcium and iron.Baobab has numerous biological properties including antimicrobial,anti-malarial,diarrhoea,anaemia,asthma,antiviral,anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities amongst others.Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of flavonoids.phytosterols.amino acids,fatty acids,vitamins and minerals.The review summarizes the information on various aspects of traditional information,taxonomic description,medicinal properties and importantly nutritional value. | Jitin Rahul Manish Kumar Jain Shishu Pal Singh Rakesh Kant Kama Anuradha Aliya Naz Anup Kumar Gupta Sujeet Kumar Mrityunjay | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2015，5，1： | 4 |
| 9 | A high methionine,low folate and vitamin B_6/B_(12) containing diet can be associated with memory loss by epigenetic silencing of netrin-1显示文摘Memory-epigenetics which is the loss of memory due to epigenetic modifications can be due to the silencing of genes involved in cognitive functions and this is the basis of the current study.We hypothesize that a diet containing high methionine and low vitamins can lead to memory impairment by increasing global DNA methylation and therefore,silencing the netrin-1 gene,which encodes the glycoprotein involved in neurogenesis,axonal guidance and maintenance of the synaptic plasticity.Wild type(C57 BL/6 J) mice were fed with a diet containing excess methionine(1.2%),low-folate(0.08 mg/kg),vitamin B_6(0.01 mg/kg),and B_(12)(10.4 mg/kg) for 6 weeks.Mice were examined weekly for the long-term memory function,using a passive avoidance test,which determined loss of fear-motivated long-term memory starting from the fourth week of diet.Similarly,an increase in brain %5-methyl cytosine was observed starting from the 4 th week of diet in mice.Mice fed with a high methionine,low folate and vitamins containing diet showed a decrease in netrin-1 protein expression and an increase in netrin-1 gene promotor methylation,as determined by methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme-polymerase chain reaction analysis.The increase in methylation of netrin-1 gene was validated by high-resolution melting and sequencing analysis.Furthermore,the association of netrin-1 with memory was established by administering netrin that considerably restored long-term fear motivated memory.Taken together,these results suggest that a diet rich in methionine and lacking in folate and vitamin B_6/B_(12) can induce defects in learning and memory.Furthermore,the data indicates that decrease in netrin-1 expression due to hyper-methylation of its gene can be associated with memory loss.The animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee,University of Louisville,USA(No.A3586-01) on February 2,2018. | Anuradha Kalani Pankaj Chaturvedi Komal Kalani Pradip K.Kamat Poonam Chaturvedi Neetu Tyagi | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，7： | 4 |
| 10 | QTL Analysis for Grain Iron and Zinc Concentrations in Two O. nivara Derived Backcross Populations显示文摘Identification of quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for grain mineral elements can assist in faster and more precise development of micronutrient dense rice varieties through marker-assisted breeding. In the present study, QTLs were mapped for Fe and Zn concentrations in two BC_2F_3 mapping populations derived from the crosses of O. sativa cv Swarna with two different accessions of O. nivara. In all, 10 and 8 QTLs were identified for grain Fe and Zn concentrations in population 1, and 7 and 5 QTLs were identified in population 2, respectively. Eighty percent of the QTLs detected in both populations were derived from O. nivara. Five QTLs for Fe and three QTLs for Zn explained more than 15% phenotypic variance either in interval or composite interval mapping. The locations of O. nivara derived QTLs such as qFe2.1,qFe3.1, qFe8.2 and qZn12.1 were consistently identified in both the populations. Epistatic interaction was observed only between RM106 and RM6 on chromosome 2 and between RM22 and RM7 on chromosome 3 for Fe concentration in population 1. Sixteen candidate genes for metal homeostasis were found to co-locate with 10 QTLs for Fe and Zn concentrations in both the populations. Most of the Fe and Zn QTLs were found to co-locate with QTLs for grain yield and grain quality traits. Some of the major effect QTLs identified can be used to improve rice grain Fe and Zn concentrations. | B. P. M. SWAMY K. KALADHAR1, K. ANURADHA Anil K. BATCHU T. LONGVAH N. SARLA | 2018 | Rice science2018，25，4： | 4 |
| 11 | 结肠癌复发的规定和治疗学的策略的开发显示文摘 Recurrence of colon cancer still remains a major issue which affects nearly 50% of patients treated by conventional therapeutics. Although the underlying causative factor(s) is not fully understood, development of drug-resistance has been associated with induction of cancer stem or stem-like cells (CSCs) which constitute a small sub-population of tumor cells known to be highly resistant to chemotherapy. In fact, the discovery of CSCs in a variety of tumors (including colon cancer) has changed the view of carcinogenesis and therapeutic strategies. Emerging reports have indicated that to improve patient outcomes, conventional anticancer therapies should be replaced with specifi c approaches targeting CSCs. Thus, therapeutic strategies that specifically target CSCs are being sought to reduce the risk of relapse and metastasis. In order to specifi cally target colon CSCs (while sparing somatic intestinal stem cells), it is critical to identify unique deregulated pathways responsible for self-renewal of CSCs and colon cancer recurrence. Colon CSCs present a unique opportunity to better understand the biology of solid tumors. Thus, a better understanding of the clinical signs and symptoms of colon cancer patients (under-going surgery or chemotherapy) during perioperative periods, along with the underlying regulatory events affecting the stem/progenitor cell self-renewal and differentiation of colon epithelial cells, is of immense importance. In this review we discuss the implication of clinical factors and the emerging role of CSCs during recurrence of colon cancer along with the development of new therapeutic strategies involving the use of natural agents. | Shailender Singh Kanwar Anuradha Poolla Adhip PN Majumdar | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2012，3，1： | 3 |
| 12 | Ultra-flat dispersion in an integrated waveguide with five and six zero-dispersion wavelengths for mid-infrared photonics显示文摘We propose a new type of dispersion flattening technology, which can generate an ultra-flat group velocity dispersion profile with five and six zero-dispersion wavelengths(ZDWs). The dispersion value varies from-0.15 to 0.35 ps/(nm·km) from 4 to 8 μm, which to the best of our knowledge is the flattest one reported so far, and the dispersion flatness is improved by more than an order of magnitude. We explain the principle of producing six ZDWs. Mode distribution in this waveguide is made stable over a wide bandwidth. General guidelines to systematically control the dispersion value, sign, and slope are provided, and one can achieve the desired dispersion by properly adjusting the structural parameters. Fabrication tolerance of this waveguide is also examined. | Yuhao Guo Zeinab Jafari Lijuan Xu Changjing Bao Peicheng Liao Guifang Li Anuradha M.Agarwal Lionel C.Kimerling Jurgen Michel Alan E.Willner Lin Zhang | 2019 | Photonics Research2019，7，11： | 3 |
| 13 | 沿海和海洋生态系统与人类人口系统间的相互作用:关于消费如何调解这种相互作用的看法显示文摘人口、环境及可持续发展的困境 20世纪的80和90年代,环境工作者和普通公众普遍认为,不加控制的人口增长是造成各类环境退化的根本原因。这种新马尔萨斯人口论的观点最初出现在20世纪60年代Ehrlich所著的《人口炸弹》的文章中,该文以危言耸听的语气解释了那十年空前高的人口增长率。在随后的几年中,这种观点,连同关于承载能力的工作以及不断发展的环境运动,导致产生一种表面上看起来是通情达理的结论,即:人口的高增长率,特别是高出生率,对环境有破坏作用。这种夸张的语言往往是无法控制的(见20世纪90年代世界观察研究所的各种出版物),并已扩散到超出学术界和非政府组织部门的范围。 | Sara Curran Anuradha Kumar Wolfgang Lutz Meryl Williams 林宝法 | 2002 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2002，31，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Exosomes in neurological disease, neuroprotection, repair and therapeutics: problems and perspectives显示文摘Exosomes:Exosomes are a sub-population of micro-vesicles ranging from 40–100 nm that were earlier thought as artefacts under electron microscope.They recently came into attention for their storage of biological information,cell-to-cell communication,serving as biomarkers and potential use in | Anuradha Kalani Neetu Tyagi | 2015 | Neural Regeneration Research2015，10，10： | 3 |
| 15 | Influence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease on the development of diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | Anuradhani Kasturiratne Sanjaya Weerasinghe Anuradha S Dassanayake Shaman Rajindrajith Arjuna P Silva Norihiro Kato A Rajitha Wickremasinghe H Janaka Silva | 2012 | J Gastroenterol Hepatol2012，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Butein imparts free radical scavenging, anti-oxidative and proapoptotic properties in the flower extracts of Butea monosperma显示文摘The flower of Butea monosperma(Lam.)(Fabaceae)has been used in traditional Indian medicine in the treatment of many ailments including liver disorders.To understand the pharmacological basis of its beneficial effects,the extracts of dried flowers in water,methanol,butanol,ethyl acetate and acetone were evaluated for free radical scavenging and pro-apoptotic activities in cell cultures(human hepatoma Huh-7 cell line and immortalized AML-12 mouse hepatocytes).Butrin and butein-the active constituents of flower extracts-were used as reference molecules.The levels of cell injury markers like lactate dehydrogenase,glutathione and lipid peroxidation and primary antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-transferase and catalase were also measured.The aqueous and butanolic extracts exhibited better 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging and cytotoxic activities in hepatoma cells than in immortalized hepatocytes.Interestingly,butein inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical better than butrin.The aqueous and butanolic extracts were further investigated for hepatoprotection against carbon tertrachloride-induced biochemical changes and cell death.Both extracts,just as butrin and butein,significantly reversed the cellular glutathione levels and lipid peroxidation,and glutathione–S-transferase activity.Lactate dehydrogenase leakage and cell death were also prevented.However,only butein revived the catalase activity.Thus,the butein content of Butea monosperma flower extracts is important for free radical scavenging activity,apoptotic cell death and protection against oxidative injury in hepatic cells. | ANURADHA SEHRAWAT VIJAY KUMAR | 2012 | BIOCELL2012，36，2： | 2 |
| 17 | Correlation of Brain Biomarker Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) with Degree of Disability and Neurological Worsening in Cerebrovascular Stroke显示文摘 | Anuradha Bharosay Vivek Bharosay Meena Varma Kiran Saxena Ajoy Sodani Ravi Saxena | 2012 | Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry2012，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Differential fate of metabolism of a disperse dye by microorganisms Galactomyces geotrichum and Brevibacillus laterosporus and their consortium GG-BL显示文摘The present work aims to evaluate Brown 3 REL degrading potential of developed microbial consortium GG-BL using two microbial cultures, Galactomyces geotrichum MTCC 1360 (GG) and Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298 (BL). Microbial consortium GG-BL showed 100% decolorization of a dye Brown 3 REL, while individually G. geotrichum MTCC 1360 and B. laterosporus MTCC 2298 showed 26% and 86% decolorization under aerobic condition (shaking) respectively. Measurements of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (76%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (68%) were done after decolorization by consortium GG-BL. No induction in activities of oxidoreductive enzymes found in G. geotrichum while B. laterosporus showed induction of veratryl alcohol oxidase, Nicotineamide adenine dinucleotide-dichlorophenol indophenol (NADH-DCIP) reductase and riboflavin reductase indicating their role in dye metabolism. Consortium GG-BL showed induction in the activities of laccase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, tyrosinase, NADH-DCIP reductase and riboflavin reductase. Two different sets of induced enzymes from G. geotrichum and B. laterosporus work together in consortium GG-BL resulting in faster degradation of dye. The degradation of Brown 3 REL was analyzed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Phytotoxicity study revealed that metabolites formed after degradation was significantly less toxic in nature. | Tatoba R.Waghmode Mayur B.Kurade Anuradha N.Kagalkar Sanjay P.Govindwar | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，7： | 2 |
| 19 | Anticancer Activities of Plant Secondary Metabolites:Rice Callus Suspension Culture as a New Paradigm显示文摘Plant natural products including alkaloids,polyphenols,terpenoids and flavonoids have been reported to exert anticancer activity by targeting various metabolic pathways.The biological pathways regulated by plant products can serve as novel drug targets.Plant natural compounds or their derivatives used for cancer treatment and some novel plant-based compounds which are used in clinical trials were discussed.Callus suspension culture with secondary metabolites can provide a continuous source of plant pharmaceuticals without time and space limitations.Previous research has shown that rice callus suspension culture can kill>95%cancer cells with no significant effect on the growth of normal cells.The role of candidate genes and metabolites which are likely to be involved in the process and their potential to serve as anticancer and anti-inflammatory agents were discussed.Large scale production of plant callus suspension culture and its constituents can be achieved using elicitors which enhance specific secondary metabolites combined with bioprocess technology. | Wusirika Ramakrishna Anuradha Kumari Nafeesa Rahman Pallavi Mandave | 2021 | Rice science2021，28，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Gastric foveolar metaplasia and gastric heterotopia in the duodenum: no evidence of an etiologic role for Helicobacter pylori显示文摘 | Robert M. Genta R. Shawn Kinsey Anuradha Singhal Smita Suterwala | 2010 | Human Pathology2010，，： | 2 |
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