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| 1 | Activation and dramatically increased cytolytic activity of tumor specific T lymphocytes after radio-frequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases显示文摘瞄准:为了如果特定的细胞毒素的 T 房间回答能与恶意的肝在病人被导致,估计,肿瘤与无线电频率对待脱离(RFA ) 。方法:有颜色的肝转移的六个病人表面的癌症并且 6 与肝细胞,癌(HCC ) 经历了 RFA。血以前被取样,在 RFA 以后的 4 和 8 wk。测试抗原是活体检视从每个病人获得的自体同源的肝和肿瘤溶解产物。外部 T 房间激活被一个干扰素鲸鱼群妈(IFNgamma ) 估计分泌物试金和流动血细胞计数。T 房间是双 stained 让 CD4/CD8 和 IFNgamma 检测细胞毒素的 T 房间。积极的 IFNgamma 和 IFNgamma 否定 T 房间的比率作为刺激索引(SI ) 被决定。估计细胞溶解的活动, T 房间与人的 CaCo 颜色被共同孵化 cytosolic adenylate 激酶的表面的癌症和 HepG2 HCC 房间和版本被酶试金测量。结果:在 RFA SI 前是 0.021 (+/- 0.006 ) 为 CD4 (+) 并且 0.022 (+/- 0.004 ) 为对非恶意的肝织物的 CD8 (+) T 房间并且 0.018 (+/- 0.005 ) 为 CD4 (+) 并且 0.021 (+/- 0.004 ) 为对自体同源的肿瘤织物的 CD8 (+) 房间。在对肿瘤织物的 RFA SI 以后的四个星期增加了到 0.109 (+/- 0.005 )为 CD4 (+)并且 0.11 (+/- 0.012 )为对 HCC 的 CD8 (+) T 房间,并且到 0.115 (+/- 0.031 )为 CD4 (+)并且 0.15 (+/- 0.02 )为为颜色的 CD8 (+)房间表面的转移( P <
0.0001 )。没有增加的 SI 被观察与非,恶性瘤织物根本预定点。与 2.62 在对各自的癌症房间的 RFA 细胞溶解的的活动前是低的(+/- 0.37 ) 相对的光单位(RLU ) ,而是超过 100 合拢的玫瑰在 RFA 以后的 4 和 8 wk。自发的版本是 2% 最大值在所有实验释放的 <
。结论:病人与主要并且肝的继发性瘤在 RFA 以后与 CD8 (+) T 房间的一项戏剧性地增加的肿瘤 specific 细胞溶解的活动显示出重要肿瘤特定的细胞毒素的 T 房间刺激。 | Johannes Hansler Thaddaus Till Wissniowski Detlef Schuppan Astrid Witte Thomas Bernatik Eckhart Georg Hahn Deike Strobel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，23： | 22 |
| 2 | How Do Sugars Regulate Plant Growth and Development? New Insight into the Role of Treha Iose-6-Phosphate显示文摘 | Liam E. O'Hara Matthew J. Paul Astrid Wingler | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，2： | 23 |
| 3 | Sharing Clinical Trial Data: A Proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors显示文摘The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) believes that there is an ethical obligation to responsibly share data generated by interventional clinical trials because participants have put themselves at risk.In a growing consensus,many funders around the world-foundations,government agencies,and industry-now mandate data sharing.Here,we outline ICMJE's proposed requirements to help meet this obligation.We encourage feedback on the proposed requirements.Anyone can provide feedback at www.icmje.org by April 18,2016. | Darren B Taichman Joyce Backus Christopher Baethge Howard Bauchner Peter W de Leeuw Jeffrey M Drazen John Fletcher Frank Frizelle Irish Groves Abraham Haileamlak Astrid James Christine Laine Larry Peiperl Anja Pinborg Peush Sahni Si-Nan Wu | 2016 | Chinese Medical Journal2016，，2： | 20 |
| 4 | Clinical assessment and management of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is among the most frequent etiologies of cirrhosis worldwide,and it is associated with features of metabolic syndrome;the key factor influencing its prognosis is the progression of liver fibrosis.This review aimed to propose a practical and stepwise approach to the evaluation and management of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD,analyzing the currently available literature.In the assessment of NAFLD patients,it is important to identify clinical,genetic,and environmental determinants of fibrosis development and its progression.To properly detect fibrosis,it is important to take into account the available methods and their supporting scientific evidence to guide the approach and the sequential selection of the best available biochemical scores,followed by a complementary imaging study(transient elastography,magnetic resonance elastography or acoustic radiation force impulse)and finally a liver biopsy,when needed.To help with the selection of the most appropriate method a Fagan′s nomogram analysis is provided in this review,describing the diagnostic yield of each method and their post-test probability of detecting liver fibrosis.Finally,treatment should always include diet and exercise,as well as controlling the components of the metabolic syndrome,+/-vitamin E,considering the presence of sleep apnea,and when available,allocate those patients with advanced fibrosis or high risk of progression into clinical trials.The final end of this approach should be to establish an opportune diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD,aiming to decrease/stop its progression and improve their prognosis. | Alejandro Campos-Murguía Astrid Ruiz-Margáin JoséA González-Regueiro Ricardo U Macías-Rodríguez | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，39： | 12 |
| 5 | Liver venous deprivation versus portal vein embolization before major hepatectomy:future liver remnant volumetric and functional changes显示文摘Background:We previously showed that embolization of portal inflow and hepatic vein(HV)outflow(liver venous deprivation,LVD)promotes future liver remnant(FLR)volume(FLR-V)and function(FLR-F)gain.Here,we compared FLR-V and FLR-F changes after portal vein embolization(PVE)and LVD.Methods:This study included all patients referred for liver preparation before major hepatectomy over 26 months.Exclusion criteria were:unavailable baseline/follow-up imaging,cirrhosis,Klatskin tumor,two-stage hepatectomy.99mTc-mebrofenin SPECT-CT was performed at baseline and at day 7,14 and 21 after PVE or LVD.FLR-V and FLR-F variations were compared using multivariate generalized linear mixed models(joint modelling)with/without missing data imputation.Results:Baseline FLR-F was lower in the LVD(n=29)than PVE group(n=22)(P<0.001).Technical success was 100%in both groups without any major complication.Changes in FLR-V at day 14 and 21(+14.2%vs.+50%,P=0.002;and+18.6%vs.+52.6%,P=0.001),and in FLR-F at day 7,14 and 21(+23.1%vs.+54.3%,P=0.02;+17.6%vs.+56.1%,P=0.006;and+29.8%vs.+63.9%,P<0.001)differed between PVE and LVD group.LVD(P=0.009),age(P=0.027)and baseline FLR-V(P=0.001)independently predicted FLR-V variations,whereas only LVD(P=0.01)predicted FLR-F changes.After missing data handling,LVD remained an independent predictor of FLR-V and FLR-F variations.Conclusions:LVD is safe and provides greater FLR-V and FLR-F increase than PVE.These results are now evaluated in the HYPERLIV-01 multicenter randomized trial. | Boris Guiu François Quenet Fabrizio Panaro Lauranne Piron Christophe Cassinotto Astrid Herrerro François-Régis Souche Margaux Hermida Marie-Ange Pierredon-Foulongne Ali Belgour Serge Aho-Glele Emmanuel Deshayes | 2020 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2020，9，5： | 10 |
| 6 | Risk factors for postoperative bile leakage:a retrospective single-center analysis of 411 hepatectomies显示文摘BACKGROUND: The primary focus of the study was to analyze the risk factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy for benign or malignant tumors. METHODS: A total of 411 patients who had undergone hepatectomy between December 2006 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The severity of bile leakage was graded according to the ISGLS classification. Twenty-eight pre- and postoperative parameters were analyzed.RESULTS: The overall bile leakage incidence was 10.2%(42/411). The severity of the leakage was classified according to the ISGLS classification. Bile leakage was detected early in case of abdominal drainage(11.4% vs 1.9%, P=0.034). It prolonged the time of hospitalization(16 vs 9 days, P=0.001). In all patients, wedge resection was associated with a higher incidence of bile leakage in contrast to anatomical resections(25.6% vs 4.1%, P<0.0001) regardless of the underlying liver disease. Furthermore, total vascular exclusion increased risk of bile leakage(P=0.008).CONCLUSIONS: Bile leakage as a major issue after hepatic resection is related to the postoperative morbidity and the hospitalization time. It is associated with non-anatomical resection and a total vascular exclusion. | Fabrizio Panaro Lisa Hacina Hassan Bouyabrine Al-Warith Al-Hashmi Astrid Herrero Francis Navarro | 2016 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2016，15，1： | 10 |
| 7 | 由牙周探诊深度和探诊出血来看种植体周围炎的患病率:系统综述和Meta分析显示文摘目的:根据疾病定义和临界值.通过对亚组的meta分析和敏感度分析,比较分析患者水平和种植体水平种植体周围炎患病率的变化。牙周探诊深度(PPD)和探诊出血(BOP)是主要变量。材料和方法:对负重超过6个月的种植体的描述性研究进行电子和手动检索并评估研究质量。对可用研究进行描述性分析(定性分析)和meta分析(定量分析)。结果:该系统评价纳入55项研究.其中32项符合基于PPD和BOP指标评估该疾病的标准。共评估了2734名患者和7849颗种植体。当以患者水平为单位分析,PPD和BOP定义的种植体周围炎的患病率为17%,当以种植体水平为单位分析时.患病率为11%。如果临床标准为PPD≥4mm,则患者水平患病率为34%,种植体水平患病率为11%。如果PPD≥5ram,则患者水平的患病率为12%,种植体水平的患病率为10%。最后.如果临床标准为PPD≥6mm,则患者水平的患病率为18%.种植体水平的患病率为10%。结论:种植体周围炎的患病率受该疾病定义所用标准的影响,目前真实的患病率可能被误估。 | Viviana Munoz Giraldo Andres Duque Astrid Giraldo Aristizabal Ruben Dario Martrique Heenande 张瑞娟(译) 张珊珊(审) 郑树国(审) | 2018 | 中国口腔医学继续教育杂志2018，21，6： | 8 |
| 8 | Characteristics of the Chinese subjects entered the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial显示文摘在多民族的试用的病人的基线特征是的背景可能,与比较的心血管的 outcome.This 学习有关,病人的基线特征在中国招募了,那些在超过 80 年岁的 508 个中国高血压的男人和进入了高血压在的 728 个女人全部的另外的 countries.Methods A 招募了老试用( HYVET )与在 860 个男人和在另外的 countries.Results 进入了试用的 1 348 个女人的那些相比中国 | LIU Li-sheng WANG Ji-guang MA Shu-ping WANG Wen LU Fang-hong ZHANG Liang-qing Winston Banya Ruth Peters Nigel Beckett Astrid Fletcher Christopher J. Bulpitt | 2008 | Chinese Medical Journal2008，，16： | 5 |
| 9 | Reverse cholesterol transport: From classical view to new insights显示文摘Cholesterol is of vital importance for the human body. It is a constituent for most biological membranes, it is needed for the formation of bile salts, and it is the pre- cursor for steroid hormones and vitamin D. However, the presence of excess cholesterol in cells, and in particular in macrophages in the arterial vessel wall, might be harmful. The accumulation of cholesterol in arteries can lead to atherosclerosis, and in turn, to other cardiovascular diseases. The route that is primarily thought to be responsible for the disposal of cholesterol is called reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). Therefore, RCT is seen as an interesting target for the development of drugs aimed at the prevention of atherosclerosis. Research on RCT has taken off in recent years. In this review, the classical concepts about RCT are discussed, together with new insights about this topic. | Astrid E van der Velde | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，47： | 5 |
| 10 | Clinical scenarios for the use of S100β as a marker of hepatic encephalopathy显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the association between serum concentrations of S100β in patients with cirrhosis and the presence of low grade hepatic encephalopathy(HE).METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The population was categorized into four groups healthy subjects, cirrhosis without HE, cirrhosis with covert hepatic encephalopathy(CHE) and cirrhosis with overt HE. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann Whitney's U with Bonferroni adjustment Spearman correlations and area under the ROC were used as appropriate.RESULTS: A total of 61 subjects were included, 46 cirrhotic patients and 15 healthy volunteers. S100β values were different among all groups, and differences remained significant between groups 1 and 2(P < 0.001), and also between groups 2 and 3(P = 0.016), but not between groups 3 and 4. In cirrhotic patients with HE S100β was higher than in patients without HE [0.18(0.14-0.28) ng/m L vs 0.11(0.06-0.14) ng/m L, P < 0.001]. There was a close correlation between serum concentrations of S100β and psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score in patients with cirrhosis without HE compared to the patients with cirrhosis with CHE(r =-0.413, P = 0.019). ROC curve analysis yielded > 0.13 ng/m L as the best cutoff value of S100β for the diagnosis of HE(sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 63.6%).CONCLUSION: Serum concentrations of S100β are higher in patients with cirrhosis than in healthy volunteers, and are further increased in the presence of hepatic encephalopathy. The results suggest that serum biomarkers such as S100β could help in the correct characterization of incipient stages of HE. | Andrés Duarte-Rojo Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Ricardo U Macias-Rodriguez Francisco Javier Cubero José Estradas-Trujillo Rosa Ma Munoz-Fuentes Aldo Torre | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，17： | 4 |
| 11 | Nutritional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent primary liver cancer and presents together with cirrhosis in most cases.In addition to commonly recognized risk factors for HCC development,such as hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus infection,age and alcohol/tobacco consumption,there are nutritional risk factors also related to HCC development including high intake of saturated fats derived from red meat,type of cooking(generation of heterocyclic amines)and contamination of foods with aflatoxins.On the contrary,protective nutritional factors include diets rich in fiber,fruits and vegetables,n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and coffee.While the patient is being evaluated for staging and treatment of HCC,special attention should be paid to nutritional support,including proper nutritional assessment and therapy by a multidisciplinary team.It must be considered that these patients usually develop HCC on top of long-lasting cirrhosis,and therefore they could present with severe malnutrition.Cirrhosisrelated complications should be properly addressed and considered for nutritional care.In addition to traditional methods,functional testing,phase angle and computed tomography scan derived skeletal muscle index-L3 are among the most useful tools for nutritional assessment.Nutritional therapy should be centered on providing enough energy and protein to manage the increased requirements of both cirrhosis and cancer.Supplementation with branched-chain amino acids is also recommended as it improves response to treatment,nutritional status and survival,and finally physical exercise must be encouraged and adapted to individual needs. | Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Berenice M Román-Calleja Paulina Moreno-Guillén JoséA González-Regueiro DeyaniraKúsulas-Delint Alejandro Campos-Murguía Nayelli C Flores-García Ricardo Ulises Macías-Rodríguez | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2021，13，10： | 4 |
| 12 | Toxoplasma gondii : from animals to humans显示文摘 | Astrid M Tenter Anja R Heckeroth Louis M Weiss | 2000 | International Journal for Parasitology2000，，12： | 4 |
| 13 | Interactions Between Temperature and Sugars in the Regulation of Leaf Senescence in the Perennial Herb Arabis alpina L.显示文摘Annual plants usually flower and set seed once before senescence results in the death of the whole plant (monocarpic senescence). Leaf senescence also occurs in polycarpic perennials; even in 'evergreen' species individual leaves senesce. In the annual model Arabidopsis thaliana sugars accumulate in the senescent leaves and senescence is accelerated by high sugar availability. Similar to A. thaliana, sugar contents increased with leaf age in the perennial Arabis alpina grown under warm conditions (22 C day/18 night). At 5 C, sugar contents in non-senescent leaves were higher than at a warm temperature, but dependent on the accession, either sugars did not accumulate or their contents decreased in old leaves. In A. alpina plants grown in their natural habitat in the Alps, sugar contents declined with leaf age. Growth at a cold temperature slightly delayed senescence in A. alpina. In both warm and cold conditions, an external glucose supply accelerated senescence, but natural variation was found in this response. In conclusion, sugar accumulation under warm conditions could accelerate leaf senescence in A. alpina plants, but genotype-specific responses and interactions with growth temperature are likely to influence senescence under natural conditions. | Astrid Wingler Emma Josefine Stangberg Triambak Saxena Rupal Mistry | 2012 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2012，54，8： | 4 |
| 14 | Optimization of the future remnant liver:review of the current strategies in Europe显示文摘Liver resection still represent the treatment of choice for liver malignancies,but in some cases inadequate future remnant liver(FRL)can lead to post hepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)that still represents the most common cause of death after hepatectomy.Several strategies in recent era have been developed in order to generate a compensatory hypertrophy of the FRL,reducing the risk of post hepatectomy liver failure.Portal vein embolization,portal vein ligation,and ALLPS are the most popular techniques historically adopted up to now.The liver venous deprivation and the radio-embolization are the most recent promising techniques.Despite even more precise tools to calculate the relationship among volume and function,such as scintigraphy with^(99m)Tc-mebrofenin(HBS),no consensus is still available to define which of the above mentioned augmentation strategy is more adequate in terms of kind of surgery,complexity of the pathology and quality of liver parenchyma.The aim of this article is to analyse these different strategies to achieve sufficient FRL. | Riccardo Memeo Maria Conticchio Emmanuel Deshayes Silvio Nadalin Astrid Herrero Boris Guiu Fabrizio Panaro | 2021 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2021，10，3： | 4 |
| 15 | Current techniques for AB0-incompatible living donor liver transplantation显示文摘For a long time, it was considered medical malpractice to neglect the blood group system during transplantation. Because there are far more patients waiting for organs than organs available, a variety of attempts have been made to transplant AB0-incompatible(AB0i) grafts. Improvements in AB0 i graft survival rates have been achieved with immunosuppression regimens and plasma treatment procedures. Nevertheless, some grafts are rejected early after AB0 i living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) due to antibody mediated rejection or later biliary complications that affect the quality of life. Therefore, the AB0 i LDLT is an option only for emergency situations, and it requires careful planning. This review compares the treatment possibilities and their effect on the patients' graft outcome from 2010 to the present. We compared 11 transplant center regimens and their outcomes. The best improvement, next to plasma treatment procedures, has been reached with the prophylactic use of rituximab more than one week before AB0 i LDLT. Unfortunately, no standardized treatment protocols are available. Each center treats its patients with its own scheme. Nevertheless, the transplant results are homogeneous. Due to refined treatment strategies, AB0 i LDLT is a feasible option today and almost free of severe complications. | Silke Rummler Astrid Bauschke Erik B?rthel Heike Jütte Katrin Maier Patrice Ziehm Christina Malessa Utz Settmacher | 2016 | World Journal of Transplantation2016，6，3： | 4 |
| 16 | Low phase angle is associated with the development of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis显示文摘AIM Evaluate the association between phase angle and the development of hepatic encephalopathy in the longterm follow-up of cirrhotic patients.METHODS This was a prospective cohort study. Clinical, nutritional and biochemical evaluations were performed. MannWhitney's U and χ2 tests were used as appropriate. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional Hazards analysis were used to evaluate the prediction and incidence of hepatic encephalopathy.RESULTS Two hundred and twenty were included; the most frequent etiology of cirrhosis was hepatitis C infection, 52% of the patients developed hepatic encephalopathy(18.6% covert and 33.3% overt); the main precipitating factors were infections and variceal bleeding. KaplanMeier curves showed a higher proportion of HE in the group with low phase angle(39%) compared to the normal phase angle group(13%)(P = 0.012). Furthermore, creatinine and phase angle remained independently associated to hepatic encephalopathy in the Cox regression multivariate analysis [hazard ratio = 1.80(1.07-3.03)]. CONCLUSION In our cohort of patients low phase angle was associated with an increased incidence of hepatic encephalopathy. Phase angle is a useful nutritional marker that evaluates cachexia and could be used as a part of the integral assessment in patients with cirrhosis. | Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Ricardo Ulises Macías-Rodríguez Javier Ampuero Francisco Javier Cubero Luis Chi-Cervera Silvia L Ríos-Torres Andrés Duarte-Rojo Ángeles Espinosa-Cuevas Manuel Romero-Gómez Aldo Torre | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，45： | 4 |
| 17 | A trait-based approach to assess climate change sensitivity of freshwater invertebrates across Swedish ecoregions显示文摘 | Leonard SANDIN Astrid SCHMIDT-KLOIBER Jens-Christian SVENNING Erik JEPPESEN Nikolai FRIBERG | 2014 | Current Zoology2014，60，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Quality of life, physical performance and nutritional status in older patients hospitalized in a cardiology department显示文摘Objectives Quality of life(QoL) is a priority outcome in older adults suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Frailty and poor nutritional status may affect the QoL through mobility disorders and exhaustion. The objective of this study was to determine if physical frailty and nutritional status were associated with QoL, in older cardiology patients. Methods Cross sectional, observational study conducted in a cardiology department from a university hospital. Participants(n = 100) were aged 70 and older. Collected data included age, sex, cardiac diseases, New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification, comorbidities(Charlson Index) and disability. A Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB), including walking speed assessment was performed;handgrip strength were measured as well as Fried’s frailty phenotype. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA) and Body Mass Index(BMI), inflammation by C-reactive protein(CRP). QoL was assessed using the EORTC–QLQ questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the associations between all recorded parameters and QoL. Results In participants(mean age: 79.3 ± 6.7 years;male: 59%), Charlson index, arrhythmia, heart failure, NYHA class III-IV, MNA, disability, walking speed, SPPB score, frailty and CRP were significantly associated with QoL in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that NYHA class III-IV(P < 0.001), lower MNA score(P = 0.03), frailty(P < 0.0001), and higher CRP(P < 0.001) were independently associated with decreased QoL. Conclusions Frailty, nutritional status and inflammation were independently associated with poor QoL. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of nutritional and physical interventions on QoL in this population. | Matthieu Lilamand Mariannick Saintout Marie Vigan Astrid Bichon Laure Tourame Aurélie Brembilla Diet Bernard Iung Dominique Himbert Cédric Laouenan Agathe Raynaud-Simon | 2020 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2020，17，7： | 3 |
| 19 | 欧洲及中国在医药、生物领域不可专利客体方面的比较显示文摘《欧洲专利公约》及《中华人民共和国专利法》均对不可专利客体进行了规定。对于医药、生物领域的发明创造,欧洲专利局(EPO)与中国国家知识产权局(CNIPA)的实践各有不同。了解EPO和CNIPA各自的实践和标准,有利于申请人在欧洲、中国进行恰当而深度的专利申请与保护。 | 谢敏楠 Astrid YOUNG | 2019 | 中国发明与专利2019，16，6： | 3 |
| 20 | Calcium phosphate nanoparticles show an effective activation of the innate immune response in vitro and in vivo after functionalization with flagellin显示文摘For subunit vaccines,adjuvants play a key role in shaping the magnitude,persistence and form of targeted antigen-specific immune response.Flagellin is a potent immune activator by bridging innate inflammatory responses and adaptive immunity and an adjuvant candidate for clinical application.Calcium phosphate nanoparticles are efficient carriers for different biomolecules like DNA,RNA,peptides and proteins.Flagellin-functionalized calcium phosphate nanoparticles were prepared and their immunostimuiatory effect on the innate immune system,i.e.the cytokine production,was studied.They induced the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-8(Caco-2 cells) and IL-1β(bone marrow-derived macrophages;BMDM) in vitro and IL-6 in vivo after intraperitoneal injection in mice.The immunostimulation was more pronounced than with free flagellin. | Diana Kozlova Viktoriya Sokolova Maohua Zhong Ejuan Zhang Jingyi Yang Wei Li Yi Yang Jan Buer Astrid Maria Westendorf Matthias Epple Huimin Yan | 2014 | Virologica Sinica2014，29，1： | 3 |
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