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| 1 | Management and prevention of acute and chronic lateral ankle instability in athletic patient populations显示文摘Acute and chronic lateral ankle instability are common in high-demand patient populations. If not managed appropriately, patients may experience recurrent instability, chronic pain, osteochondral lesions of the talus, premature osteoarthritis, and other significantlong-term disability. Certain populations, including young athletes, military personnel and those involved in frequent running, jumping, and cutting motions, are at increased risk. Proposed risk factors include prior ankle sprain, elevated body weight or body mass index, female gender, neuromuscular deficits, postural imbalance, foot/ankle malalignment, and exposure to at-risk athletic activity. Prompt, accurate diagnosis is crucial, and evidence-based, functional rehabilitation regimens have a proven track record in returning active patients to work and sport. When patients fail to improve with physical therapy and external bracing, multiple surgical techniques have been described with reliable results, including both anatomic and nonanatomic reconstructive methods. Anatomic repair of the lateral ligamentous complex remains the gold standard for recurrent ankle instability, and it effectively restores native ankle anatomy and joint kinematics while preserving physiologic ankle and subtalar motion. Further preventative measures may minimize the risk of ankle instability in athletic cohorts, including prophylactic bracing and combined neuromuscular and proprioceptive training programs. These interventions have demonstrated benefit in patients at heightened risk for lateral ankle sprain and allow active cohorts to return to full activity without adversely affecting athletic performance. | Brendan J Mc Criskin Kenneth L Cameron Justin D Orr Brian R Waterman | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，2： | 20 |
| 2 | Neuroimaging the brain-gut axis in patients with irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘AIM:To summarize and synthesize current literature on neuroimaging the brain-gut axis in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS:A database search for relevant literature was conducted using Pub Med,Scopus and Embase in February 2015.Date filters were applied from the year2009 and onward,and studies were limited to those written in the English language and those performed upon human subjects.The initial search yielded 797articles,out of which 38 were pulled for full text review and 27 were included for study analysis.Investigations were reviewed to determine study design,methodology and results,and data points were placed in tabular format to facilitate analysis of study findings across disparate investigations.RESULTS:Analysis of study data resulted in the abstraction of four key themes:Neurohormonal differences,anatomic measurements of brain structure and connectivity,differences in functional responsiveness of the brain during rectal distention,and confounding/correlating patient factors.Studies in this review noted alterations of glutamate in the left hippocampus(HIPP),commonalities across IBS subjects in terms of brain oscillation patterns,cortical thickness/gray matter volume differences,and neuroanatomical regions withincreased activation in patients with IBS:Anterio cingulate cortex,mid cingulate cortex,amygdala anterior insula,posterior insula and prefrontal cortex.A striking finding among interventions was the substantia influence that patient variables(e.g.,sex,psychologica and disease related factors)had upon the identification of neuroanatomical differences in structure and con nectivity.CONCLUSION:The field of neuroimaging can provide insight into underlying physiological differences that distinguish patients with IBS from a healthy population. | Kristen R Weaver Lee Anne B Sherwin Brian Walitt Gail D'Eramo Melkus Wendy A Henderson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2016，7，2： | 8 |
| 3 | Current protective strategies in liver surgery显示文摘During liver resection surgery for cancer or liver transplantation,the liver is subject to ischaemia (reduction in blood flow) followed by reperfusion (restoration of blood flow),which results in liver injury [ischemiareperfusion (IR) or IR injury]. Modulation of IR injury can be achieved in various ways. These include hypothermia,ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) (brief cycles of ischaemia followed by reperfusion of the organ before the prolonged period of ischaemia i.e. a conditioning response),ischaemic postconditioning (conditioning after the prolonged period of ischaemia but before the reperfusion),pharmacological agents to decrease IR injury,genetic modulation of IR injury,and machine perfusion (pulsatile perfusion). Hypothermia decreases the metabolic functions and the oxygen consumption of organs. Static cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution reduces IR injury and has prolonged organ storage and improved the function of transplanted grafts. There is currently no evidence for any clinical advantage in the use of alternate solutions for static cold storage. Although experimental data from animal models suggest that IPC,ischaemic postconditioning,various pharma-cological agents,gene therapy,and machine perfusion decrease IR injury,none of these interventions can be recommended in clinical practice. This is because of the lack of randomized controlled trials assessing the safety and efficacy of ischaemic postconditioning,gene therapy,and machine perfusion. Randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials assessing the safety and efficacy of IPC and various pharmacological agents have demonstrated biochemical or histological improvements but this has not translated to clinical benefit. Further well designed randomized controlled trials are necessary to assess the various new protective strategies in liver resection. | Kurinchi S Gurusamy Hector D Gonzalez Brian R Davidson | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，48： | 7 |
| 4 | Model combining pre-transplant tumor biomarkers and tumor size shows more utility in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and survival than the BALAD models显示文摘AIM To assess the performance of BALAD, BALAD-2 and their component biomarkers in predicting outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients after liver transplant.METHODS BALAD score and BALAD-2 class are derived from bilirubin, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP(AFP-L3), and des-gammacarboxyprothrombin(DCP). Pre-transplant AFP, AFP-L3 and DCP were measured in 113 patients transplanted for HCC from 2000 to 2008. Hazard ratios(HR) for recurrence and death were calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. C-statistics were used to compare biomarker-based to predictive models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, 38 patients recurred and 87 died. The HRs for recurrence in patients with elevated AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP defined by BALAD cut-off values were 2.42(1.18-5.00), 1.86(0.98-3.52), and 2.83(1.42-5.61), respectively. For BALAD, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased score were 1.48(1.15-1.91) and 1.59(1.28-1.97). For BALAD-2, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased class were 1.45(1.06-1.98) and 1.38(1.09-1.76). For recurrence prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs. 0.64, 0.61, 0.53, and 0.53 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF, respectively. Similarly, for death prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs 0.65,0.61, 0.52, and 0.50 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF. A new model combining biomarkers with tumor size at the time of transplant(S-LAD) demonstrated the highest predictive capability with c-statistics of 0.71 and 0.69 for recurrence and death. CONCLUSION BALAD and BALAD-2 are valid in transplant HCC patients, but less predictive than the three biomarkers in combination or the three biomarkers in combination with maximal tumor diameter(S-LAD). | Nicha Wongjarupong Gabriela M Negron-Ocasio Roongruedee Chaiteerakij Benyam D Addissie Essa A Mohamed Kristin C Mara William S Harmsen J Paul Theobald Brian E Peters Joseph G Balsanek Melissa M Ward Nasra H Giama Sudhakar K Venkatesh Denise M Harnois Michael R Charlton Hiroyuki Yamada Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich Melissa R Snyder Terry M Therneau Lewis R Roberts | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，12： | 5 |
| 5 | Nat Genet:单基因突变导致过敏性皮炎的发生显示文摘最近,研究者们鉴定出了一类导致神经性皮炎发生的关键基因突变:CARDll。来自美国NIH过敏与传染病研究所的研究者们通过对四个没有血缘关系的患病家庭进行分析,发现了这一导致疾病产生的基因、 | Chi A Ma, Yuan Zhang, Michael A Weinreich, Jonathan J Lyons, Celeste G Nelson, Thomas DiMaggio, Kelly D Stone, Joshua D Milner Jeffrey R Stinson, Elisa Ruffo, Batsukh Dorjbal, Swadhinya Arjunaraja, Kelsey Voss, Andrew L Snow Jordan K Abbott, Pia J Hauk, Paul R Reynolds, Erwin W Gelfand Elisa Ruffo Salomé Glauzy, Natsuko Yamakawa, Eric Meffre Jennifer Stoddard, Julie Niemela, Sergio D Rosenzweig Yu Zhang, Helen F Matthews Joshua J McElwee Nina Jones Alejandro Palma, Matías Oleastro, Emma Prieto, Andrea R Bernasconi, Geronimo Dubra, Silvia Danielian, Jonathan Zaiat, Marcelo A Marti Brian Kim Megan A Cooper Neil Romberg | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，27： | 3 |
| 6 | Cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘 | Shahid A Khan Howard C Thomas Brian R Davidson Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9493)2005，，： | 3 |
| 7 | Early infant male circumcision:Systematic review,risk-benefit analysis,and progress in policy显示文摘AIM To determine whether recent evidence-based United States polices on male circumcision(MC) apply to comparable Anglophone countries,Australia and New Zealand.METHODS Articles in 2005 through 2015 were retrieved from PubM ed using the keyword 'circumcision' together with 36 relevant subtopics.A further PubM ed search was performed for articles published in 2016.Searches of the EMBASE and Cochrane databases did not yield additional citable articles.Articles were assessed for quality and those rated 2+ and above according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Grading System were studied further.The most relevant andrepresentative of the topic were included.Bibliographies were examined to retrieve further key references.Randomized controlled trials,recent high quality systematic reviews or meta-analyses(level 1++ or 1+ evidence) were prioritized for inclusion.A risk-benefit analysis of articles rated for quality was performed.For efficiency and reliability,recent randomized controlled trials,metaanalyses,high quality systematic reviews and large welldesigned studies were used if available.Internet searches were conducted for other relevant information,including policies and Australian data on claims under Medicare for MC.RESULTS Evidence-based policy statements by the American Academy of Pediatrics(AAP) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) support infant and later age male circumcision(MC) as a desirable public health measure.Our systematic review of relevant literature over the past decade yielded 140 journal articles that met our inclusion criteria.Together,these showed that early infant MC confers immediate and lifelong benefits by protecting against urinary tract infections having potential adverse long-term renal effects,phimosis that causes difficult and painful erections and 'ballooning' during urination,inflammatory skin conditions,inferior penile hygiene,candidiasis,various sexually transmissible infections in both sexes,genital ulcers,and penile,prostate and cervical cancer.Our risk-benefit analysis showed that benefits exceeded procedural risks,which are predominantly minor,by up to 200 to 1.We estimated that more than 1 in 2 uncircumcised males will experience an adverse foreskin-related medical condition over their lifetime.Wide-ranging evidence from surveys,physiological measurements,and the anatomical location of penile sensory receptors responsible for sexual sensation strongly and consistently suggested that MC has no detrimental effect on sexual function,sensitivity or pleasure.United States studies showed that early infant MC is cost saving.The evidence supporting early infant MC has further strengthened since the positive AAP and CDC reviews.CONCLUSION Affirmative MC policies are needed in Australia and New Zealand.Routine provision of accurate,unbiased education,and access in public hospitals,will maximize health and financial benefits. | Brian J Morris Sean E Kennedy Alex D Wodak Adrian Mindel David Golovsky Leslie Schrieber Eugenie R Lumbers David J Handelsman John B Ziegler | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2017，6，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘 | Shahid A Khan Howard C Thomas Brian R Davidson Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2005 | The Lancet2005，，9493： | 2 |
| 9 | Safety,immunogenicity,and protection provided by unadjuvanted and adjuvanted formulations of a recombinant plant-derived virus-like particle vaccine candidate for COVID-19 in nonhuman primates显示文摘Although antivirals are important tools to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,effective vaccines are essential to control the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Plant-derived virus-like particle(VLP)vaccine candidates have previously demonstrated immunogenicity and efficacy against influenza.Here,we report the immunogenicity and protection induced in rhesus macaques by intramuscular injections of a VLP bearing a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein(CoVLP)vaccine candidate formulated with or without Adjuvant System 03(AS03)or cytidine-phospho-guanosine(CpG)1018.Although a single dose of the unadjuvanted CoVLP vaccine candidate stimulated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses,booster immunization(at 28 days after priming)and adjuvant administration significantly improved both responses,with higher immunogenicity and protection provided by the AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP.Fifteen micrograms of CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 induced a polyfunctional interleukin-2(IL-2)-driven response and IL-4 expression in CD4 T cells.Animals were challenged by multiple routes(i.e.,intratracheal,intranasal,and ocular)with a total viral dose of 106 plaque-forming units of SARS-CoV-2.Lower viral replication in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)as well as fewer SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and immune cell infiltrates in the lungs concomitant with reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors in the BALF were observed in animals immunized with the CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03.No clinical,pathologic,or virologic evidence of vaccineassociated enhanced disease was observed in vaccinated animals.The CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 was therefore selected for vaccine development and clinical trials. | Stéphane Pillet Prabhu SArunachalam Guadalupe Andreani Nadia Golden Jane Fontenot Pyone Pyone Aye Katharina Röltgen Gabrielle Lehmicke Philipe Gobeil Charlotte Dubé Sonia Trépanier Nathalie Charland Marc-AndréD’Aoust Kasi Russell-Lodrigue Christopher Monjure Robert V.Blair Scott D.Boyd Rudolf P.Bohm Jay Rappaport François Villinger Nathalie Landry Bali Pulendran Brian J.Ward | 2022 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2022，19，2： | 2 |
| 10 | The path forward for bio- fuels and biomaterials显示文摘 | Arthur J R Charlotte K W Brian H D | 2006 | Science2006，311，5760： | 1 |
| 11 | Tandem placement of a coronavirus promoter results in enhanced mRNA synthesis from the downstream-most initiation site显示文摘 | Krishnan R Chang R Y Brian D A | 1996 | Virology1996，218，： | 1 |
| 12 | Mesozoic contractional deformation in the middle of the Asian tectonic collage:The intraplate Western Ordos fold-thrust belt,China显示文摘 | Brian J D Bradley D R | 2002 | Earth and Planetary Science Letters2002，205，： | 1 |
| 13 | Simultaneous inversion of pre-stack seismic data 显示文摘 | Hampson D P Brian H R Brad P B | 2005 | Expanded Abstracts of 75th Annual Internat SEG Mtg2005，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Ileal ureter substitution: a contemporary series显示文摘 | Brian R Matlaga Ojas D Shah Lois J Hart Dean G Assimos | 2003 | Urology2003，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Mono-and bidentate coordination of N, Ndialkylated 1,3-propanediamines to cobalt( Ⅲ ) :a structure and spectroscopic study显示文摘 | PETER R CRAIG GEORGE R CLARK BRIAN D PALMER | 1997 | Inorganica Chemica Acta1997，260，： | 1 |
| 16 | Analysis of adaptive multistage interference c ancellation for CDMA using an improved gaussian approximation 显示文摘 | Brian D Woerner | 1996 | IEEE Transac tions on communications1996，44，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Erosion and Surface Structure Development of Metal-Diamond Particulate Composites显示文摘 | Brian E M Christopher D R Paul F | 2010 | Wear2010，269，： | 1 |
| 18 | Flight path strategies for 3D scene reconstruction from bistatic SAR显示文摘 | Brian D R Randolph L M | 2004 | IEE Proceedings-Radar Sonar and Navigation2004，151，3： | 1 |
| 19 | A comparison of detection per formance for several track-before detect algorithms显示文摘 | Samuel J D Mark G R Brian C | 2008 | Journal on Advances in Signal Processing2008，，： | 1 |
| 20 | The pathway forward for biofuels and biomaterials 显示文摘 | ARTHUR J R CHARLOTrE K W BRIAN H D | 2006 | Sci2006，311，： | 1 |
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