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| 1 | Mouse models of colorectal cancer: Past, present and future perspectives显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common diagnosed malignancy among both sexes in the United States as well as in the European Union.While the incidence and mortality rates in western,high developed countries are declining,reflecting the success of screening programs and improved treatment regimen,a rise of the overall global CRC burden can be observed due to lifestyle changes paralleling an increasing human development index.Despite a growing insight into the biology of CRC and many therapeutic improvements in the recent decades,preclinical in vivo models are still indispensable for the development of new treatment approaches.Since the development of carcinogen-induced rodent models for CRC more than 80 years ago,a plethora of animal models has been established to study colon cancer biology.Despite tenuous invasiveness and metastatic behavior,these models are useful for chemoprevention studies and to evaluate colitis-related carcinogenesis.Genetically engineered mouse models(GEMM)mirror the pathogenesis of sporadic as well as inherited CRC depending on the specific molecular pathways activated or inhibited.Although the vast majority of CRC GEMM lack invasiveness,metastasis and tumor heterogeneity,they still have proven useful for examination of the tumor microenvironment as well as systemic immune responses;thus,supporting development of new therapeutic avenues.Induction of metastatic disease by orthotopic injection of CRC cell lines is possible,but the so generated models lack genetic diversity and the number of suited cell lines is very limited.Patient-derived xenografts,in contrast,maintain the pathological and molecular characteristics of the individual patient's CRC after subcutaneous implantation into immunodeficient mice and are therefore most reliable for preclinical drug development–even in comparison to GEMM or cell line-based analyses.However,subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft models are less suitable for studying most aspects of the tumor microenvironment and anti-tumoral immune responses.The authors review the distinct mouse models of CRC with an emphasis on their clinical relevance and shed light on the latest developments in the field of preclinical CRC models. | Florian Bürtin Christina S Mullins Michael Linnebacher | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，13： | 9 |
| 2 | Brain changes in diabetes mellitus patients withgastrointestinal symptoms显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is a common disease and its prevalence is increasing worldwide. In various studies up to 30%-70% of patients present dysfunction and complications related to the gut. To date several clinical studies have demonstrated that autonomic nervous system neuropathy and generalized neuropathy of the central nervous system(CNS) may play a major role. This systematic review provides an overview of the neurodegenerative changes that occur as a consequence of diabetes with a focus on the CNS changes and gastrointestinal(GI) dysfunction. Animal models where diabetes was induced experimentally support that the disease induces changes in CNS. Recent investigations with electroencephalography and functional brain imaging in patients with diabetes confirm these structural and functional brain changes. Encephalographic studies demonstrated that altered insular processing of sensory stimuli seems to be a key player in symptom generation. In fact one study indicated that the more GI symptoms the patients experienced, the deeper the insular electrical source was located. The electroencephalography was often used in combination with quantitative sensory testingmainly showing hyposensitivity to stimulation of GI organs. Imaging studies on patients with diabetes and GI symptoms mainly showed microstructural changes,especially in brain areas involved in visceral sensory processing. As the electrophysiological and imaging changes were associated with GI and autonomic symptoms they may represent a future therapeutic target for treating diabetics either pharmacologically or with neuromodulation. | Anne M Drewes Eirik Søfteland Georg Dimcevski Adam D Farmer Christina Brock Jens B Frøkjær Klaus Krogh Asbjørn M Drewes | 2016 | World Journal of Diabetes2016，7，2： | 4 |
| 3 | Current techniques for AB0-incompatible living donor liver transplantation显示文摘For a long time, it was considered medical malpractice to neglect the blood group system during transplantation. Because there are far more patients waiting for organs than organs available, a variety of attempts have been made to transplant AB0-incompatible(AB0i) grafts. Improvements in AB0 i graft survival rates have been achieved with immunosuppression regimens and plasma treatment procedures. Nevertheless, some grafts are rejected early after AB0 i living donor liver transplantation(LDLT) due to antibody mediated rejection or later biliary complications that affect the quality of life. Therefore, the AB0 i LDLT is an option only for emergency situations, and it requires careful planning. This review compares the treatment possibilities and their effect on the patients' graft outcome from 2010 to the present. We compared 11 transplant center regimens and their outcomes. The best improvement, next to plasma treatment procedures, has been reached with the prophylactic use of rituximab more than one week before AB0 i LDLT. Unfortunately, no standardized treatment protocols are available. Each center treats its patients with its own scheme. Nevertheless, the transplant results are homogeneous. Due to refined treatment strategies, AB0 i LDLT is a feasible option today and almost free of severe complications. | Silke Rummler Astrid Bauschke Erik B?rthel Heike Jütte Katrin Maier Patrice Ziehm Christina Malessa Utz Settmacher | 2016 | World Journal of Transplantation2016，6，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Epidemiology of constipation (EPOC) study in the United States: relation of clinical subtypes to sociodemographic features显示文摘 | Walter F Stewart Joshua N Liberman Robert S Sandler Michael S Woods Annette Stemhagen Elsbeth Chee Richard B Lipton Christina E Farup | 1999 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology1999，，12： | 2 |
| 5 | CMR Imaging Predicts Death and Other Adverse Events in Suspected Cardiac Sarcoidosis显示文摘 | Simon Greulich Claudia Christina Deluigi Steffen Gloekler Andreas Wahl Christine Zürn Ulrich Kramer Detlev Nothnagel Helmut Bültel Julia Schumm Stefan Grün Peter Ong Anja Wagner Steffen Schneider Kai Nassenstein Meinrad Gawaz Udo Sechtem Oliver Bruder Hei | 2013 | JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging2013，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Is deep vein thrombosis a good proxy for pulmonary embolus显示文摘 | Javad P Christina L J Orhan B | 2010 | The Journal of Arthroplasty2010，15，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Morphotype pattern of Norwegian Sea deep sea benthic foraminifera and ecological implication 显示文摘 | CORLISS B H CHEN CHRISTINA | 1988 | Geology1988，16，： | 1 |
| 8 | Maternal characteristics and twin gestation outcomes over 10 years: impact of conception methods显示文摘 | Christian Bamberg Christina Fotopoulou Philipp Neissner Torsten Slowinski Joachim W. Dudenhausen Hans Proquitte Christoph Bührer Wolfgang Henrich | 2012 | Fertility and Sterility2012，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Tumor angiogenesis is regulated by CXC ehemokines显示文摘 | Bethany M B Douglas A A Christina A L | 1998 | J laband Clin Med1998，132，： | 1 |
| 10 | Reproductive toxicity evaluation of dietary butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP)in rats显示文摘 | Rochelle W T Christina B M Melissa C M | 2004 | Reproductive Toxicology2004，18，： | 1 |
| 11 | Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in wild boars 显示文摘 | Gerald R Christina F Sebastian B | 2009 | Veterinary microbiology2009，136，： | 1 |
| 12 | Simulation of an Underwater Hexapod Robot 显示文摘 | Christina G Meyer N Martin B | 2009 | Ocean Engineering2009，36，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Use of WL medium to profile native flora fermentations显示文摘 | CHRISTINA L P JAMES A B TAMMI L O | 2001 | American Journal of Enology and Viticulture2001，52，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Physiology of resistant Deinococcus geothermalis bacterium aerobically cultivated in low-Manganese medium显示文摘 | Christina L Minna P J?rg B Peter N Mirja S S | 2012 | Journal of Bacteriology2012，194，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Update on clubfoot :etiology and treatment显示文摘 | Matthew B Christina A | 2009 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2009，467，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Characterization and use of fluidized bed com- bustion coal ash 显示文摘 | Behr A Christina B | 1994 | Journal of Environmental Engineering1994，120，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Prospective randomizedcontrolled trial of combination Ranibizumab and Bromfenac(xi-brom)for Neovascular age-related macular degeneration a pilotStudy,Retina 显示文摘 | Flaxel Christina Schain Mitchell B | 2012 | The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Disease2012，32，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Update on clubfoot:etiology and treatment显示文摘 | Matthew B Christina A | 2009 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2009，467，： | 1 |
| 19 | Job burnout显示文摘 | Maslach Christina Wilmar B Schaufeli Michael P Leiter | 2001 | Annual Review of Psychology2001，52，01： | 1 |
| 20 | Thin colagen film scaffolds for retinalepithelialcel culture显示文摘 | James T L Christina J L Stacey F B | | 0，，08： | 1 |
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