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| 1 | Genetic and biological characteristics of the globally circulating H5N8 avian influenza viruses and the protective efficacy offered by the poultry vaccine currently used in China显示文摘The H5N8 avian influenza viruses have been widely circulating in wild birds and are responsible for the loss of over 33 million domestic poultry in Europe, Russia, Middle East, and Asia since January 2020. To monitor the invasion and spread of the H5N8 virus in China, we performed active surveillance by analyzing 317 wild bird samples and swab samples collected from 41,172 poultry all over the country. We isolated 22 H5N8 viruses from wild birds and 14 H5N8 viruses from waterfowls. Genetic analysis indicated that the 36 viruses formed two different genotypes: one genotype viruses were widely detected from different wild birds and domestic waterfowls;the other genotype was isolated from a whopper swan. We further revealed the origin and spatiotemporal spread of these two distinct H5N8 virus genotypes in 2020 and 2021. Animal studies indicated that the H5N8 isolates are highly pathogenic to chickens, mildly pathogenic in ducks, but have distinct pathotypes in mice. Moreover, we found that vaccinated poultry in China could be completely protected against H5N8 virus challenge. Given that the H5N8 viruses are likely to continue to spread in wild birds, vaccination of poultry is highly recommended in high-risk countries to prevent H5N8 avian influenza. | Pengfei Cui Xianying Zeng Xuyong Li Yanbing Li Jianzhong Shi Conghui Zhao Zhiyuan Qu Yanwen Wang Jing Guo Wenli Gu Qi Ma Yuancheng Zhang Weipeng Lin Minghui Li Jingman Tian Dongxue Wang Xin Xing Yanjing Liu Shuxin Pan Yaping Zhang Hongmei Bao Liling Liu Guobin Tian Chengjun Li Guohua Deng Hualan Chen | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，4： | 12 |
| 2 | Design and Development of Composite Plywood that Integrates Fire Resistance,Water Resistance and Wear Resistance显示文摘In order to improve the fire resistance,water resistance and wear resistance of ordinary plywood products in the wood processing industry,three composite structures of plywood products S1,S2 and S3 were designed in this paper,and a reasonable production process was proposed.Through the physical and mechanical properties and fire resistance testing and technical and economic analysis,the applicability of composite plywood was evaluated.The results of the study showed that the physical mechanics of the three kinds of composite structure plywood met the standard requirements,and their fire resistance was far better than that of ordinary plywood.Among them,the S1 structural board had the best overall physical and mechanical properties.The S3 structural board showed the best fire resistance,which was about 1.9 times more than that of ordinary plywood,and the added cost was the lowest.The thin cork board added to the S2 structural board had poor fire performance since the air in the cork board cavities had a certain combustion-supporting effect,which inhibited the fire resistance of high-pressure laminate(HPL)layer.Moreover,the additional cost of the S2 board was the highest,and its comprehensive performance was the worst.The S3 structural plywood product composed of HPL fireproof board with a thickness of about 1 mm in the surface layer and ordinary plywood with a thickness of about 12 mm in the core layer was the most cost-effective product,which could meet the needs of various fields such as construction,home furnishing,decoration and transportation. | Xingyu Liang Xiaoyu Gu Myint Myint Paing Hsu Yuhang He Rongzhuo Zhang Conghui Cai Zheng Wang | 2023 | Journal of Renewable Materials2023，11，5： | 0 |
| 3 | Numerical analysis on the transport properties and residence time distribution of ribbon biomass particles in a riser reactor based on CFD-DEM approach显示文摘A bended ribbon biomass particle model was developed to explore the dynamic transport properties inside a riser reactor.Residence time distribution(RTD)of the particles was analyzed by using the Eulerian-Lagrange method.The effects of sampling height,particle density,particle size and gas-to-solid mass ratio on RTD were investigated.The coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Method(CFD-DEM)model was verified firstly by experimental data on pressure drop and residence time distribution density function.The simulation results demonstrated that the ribbon biomass particles display a typical annular-core spatial distribution during transportation.The RTD of particles exhibit an approximate single-peaked normal distribution.The mean residence time(MRT)can reach up to 0.7 s when the particle density is 1200 kg/m3.Particle with higher density has longer mean residence time.The flow patterns are closer to plug flow if particle length over 12 mm.The particle flow pattern is not sensitive to changes in particle density and size,while the gas-to-material mass ratio has a significant impact on it. | Haichao Zhao Conghui Gu Bingyang Xu Yuan Liu Mingpu Du Kaiyuan Deng Jingyu Zhu Iana Voronina Zhulin Yuan | 2024 | Particuology2024，87，4： | 0 |
| 4 | Fractional anisotropy of the corticospinal tract in normal adults: Preliminary study using a diffusion tensor imaging technique显示文摘BACKGROUND: The corticospinal tract is an important tract for conducting motor function. The majority of studies focus on lesions of the corticospinal tract on appearance and function, whereas observation of normal corticospinal pathways can also improve understanding of lesion outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To observe the normal adult corticospinal tract using a diffusion tensor imaging technique to analyze fractional anisotropy (FA) in different levels of the brain. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Neuroimaging observation was performed in the MRI Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College in China, from October 2005 to October 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 30 healthy adults were selected from the Department of MRI, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College in China, from October 2005 to October 2008, and people with nervous system symptoms and signs were excluded. METHODS: Participants with normal conventional MRI results underwent diffusion tensor imaging examination in a 1.5 T GE MRI (slice thickness 4-5 mm, slice gap 0) for gradient data acquisition from 15 directions. The scanning involved the entire brain from the inferior medulla oblongata to the inferior cranial plate. Imaging post-processing was performed to obtain FA values; a paired t-test was applied for statistical analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FA values of the bilateral corticospinal tract in the medulla oblongata, pons, cerebral peduncle, basal ganglia, corona radiata, and centrum semiovale. RESULTS: FA values in the medulla oblongata and centrum semiovale were similar (P > 0.01). FA values of left corticospinal tract were significantly greater than the right side in the pons, cerebral peduncle, basal ganglia and corona radiata (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: FA values vary by brain levels, including pons, cerebral peduncle, basal ganglia, and corona radiata. Moreover, FA values of the left corticospinal tract pathway were greater than the right side, which may relate to right handedness. | Xuejin Sun Jihong Hu Yin Mo Qing Gu Yi Liu Yi Lu Conghui Ai | 2010 | Neural Regeneration Research2010，5，3： | 0 |
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