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| 1 | Non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B显示文摘The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the role,clinical applications and future perspectives of the most widely used non-invasive techniques for the evaluation of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.During the past decade many non-invasive methods have been developed to reduce the need for liver biopsy in staging fibrosis and to overcome whenever possible its limitations,mainly:invasiveness,costs,low reproducibility,poor acceptance by patients.Elastographic techniques conceived to assess liver stiffness,in particular transient elastography,and the most commonly used biological markers will be assessed against their respective role and limitations in staging hepatic fibrosis.Recent evidence highlights that both liver stiffness and some bio-chemical markers correlatewith survival and major clinical end-points such as liver decompensation,development of hepatocellular carcinoma and portal hypertension.Thus the non-invasive techniques here discussed can play a major role in the management of patients with chronic HBV-related hepatitis.Given their prognostic value,transient elastography and some bio-chemical markers can be used to better categorize patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis and assign them to different classes of risk for clinically relevant outcomes.Very recent data indicates that the combined measurements of liver and spleen stiffness enable the reliable prediction of portal hypertension and esophageal varices development. | Federica Branchi Clara Benedetta Conti Alessandra Baccarin Pietro Lampertico Dario Conte Mirella Fraquelli | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 20 |
| 2 | Ultrasound elastographic techniques in focal liver lesions显示文摘Elastographic techniques are new ultrasound-based imaging techniques developed to estimate tissue deformability/stiffness. Several ultrasound elastographic approaches have been developed, such as static elastography, transient elastography and acoustic radiation force imaging methods, which include point shear wave and shear wave imaging elastography. The application of these methods in clinical practice aims at estimating the mechanical tissues properties. One of the main settings for the application of these tools has been liver stiffness assessment in chronic liver disease, which has been studied mainly using transient elastography. Another field of application for these techniques is the assessment of focal lesions, detected by ultrasound in organs such as pancreas, prostate, breast, thyroid, lymph nodes. Considering the frequency and importance of the detection of focal liver lesions through routine ultrasound, some studies have also aimed to assess the role that elestography can play in studying the stiffness of different types of liver lesions, in order to predict their nature and thus offer valuable non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of liver masses. | Clara Benedetta Conti Federica Cavalcoli Mirella Fraquelli Dario Conte Sara Massironi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，9： | 6 |
| 3 | Pericyte-like differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells:An in vitro study显示文摘BACKGROUND Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ASCs)are characterized by long-term self-renewal and a high proliferation rate.Under adequate conditions,they may differentiate into cells belonging to mesodermal,endodermal or ectodermal lineages.Pericytes support endothelial cells and play an important role in stabilizing the vessel wall at the microcirculation level.The loss of pericytes,as occurs in diabetic retinopathy,results in a breakdown of the blood-retina barrier(BRB)and infiltration of inflammatory cells.In this context,the use of pericytelike differentiated ASCs may represent a valuable therapeutic strategy for restoring BRB damage.AIM To test in vitro strategies to obtain pericyte-like differentiation of human ASCs(hASCs).METHODS Different culture conditions were tested:hASCs cultured in a basal medium supplemented with transforming growth factorβ1;and hASCs cultured in a specific pericyte medium(PM-hASCs).In a further sample,pericyte growth supplement was omitted from the PM.In addition,cultures of human retinal pericytes(hRPCs)were used for comparison.Pericyte-like differentiation of hASCs was tested by immunocytochemical staining and western blotting to evaluate the expression ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and neural/glial antigen 2(NG2).Interactions between human retinal endothelial cells(hRECs)and different groups of hASCs were investigated in co-culture experiments.In these cases,the expression of typical junctional proteins such as vascular endothelial-Cadherin,zonula occludens-1 and Occludin were assessed in hRECs.In an in vitro model of the BRB,values of trans-endothelial electrical resistance were measured when hRECs were co-cultured with various groups of pretreated hASCs.The values observed were compared with co-cultures of hRECs and hRPCs as well as with cultures of hRECs alone.Three-dimensional co-cultures of hRECs and hRPCs or pericyte-like hASCs in Matrigel were designed to assess their reciprocal localization.RESULTS After 3-6 d of culture,α-SMA and NG2 immunocytochemistry showed that the closest pericyte-like phenotype was observed when hASCs were cultured in Pericyte Medium(PM-hASCs).In particular,α-SMA immunoreactivity,already visible at the basal level in pericytes and ASCs,was strongly increased only when transforming growth factor was added to the culture medium.NG2 expression,almost undetectable in most conditions,was substantially increased only in PMhASCs.Immunocytochemical results were confirmed by western blot analysis.The presence of pericyte growth supplement seems to increase NG2 expression rather thanα-SMA,in agreement with its role in maintaining pericytes in the proliferative state.In co-culture experiments,immunoreactivity of vascular endothelial-Cadherin,zonula occludens-1 and Occludin was considerably increased in hRECs when hRPCs or PM-hASCs were also present.Supporting results were found by trans-endothelial electrical resistance measurements,gathered at 3 and 6 d of co-culture.The highest resistance values were obtained when hRECs were co-cultured with hRPCs or PM-hASCs.The pericyte-like phenotype of PM-hASCs was also confirmed in three-dimensional co-cultures in Matrigel,where PM-hASCs and hRPCs similarly localized around the tubular formations made by hRECs.CONCLUSION PM-hASCs seem able to strengthen the intercellular junctions between hRECs,likely reinforcing the BRB;thus,hASC-based therapeutic approaches may be developed to restore the integrity of retinal microcirculation. | Giuliana Mannino Florinda Gennuso Giovanni Giurdanella Federica Conti Filippo Drago Salvatore Salomone Debora Lo Furno Claudio Bucolo Rosario Giuffrida | 2020 | World Journal of Stem Cells2020，12，10： | 3 |
| 4 | Orthostatic hypotension,an often-neglected problem in community-dwelling older people:discrepancies between studies and real life显示文摘Orthostatic hypotension (OH)is a common condition in older persons.According to the 2011criteria,OH is defined by a sustained reduction of systolic blood pressure of 20 mmHg or a 10mmHg-fall of diastolic blood pressure,[1] Its prevalence increases with age and according to a recent systematic review the pooled prevalence in community dwelling older people is 22.2%.[2]Although OH is largely explained by concurrent clinical conditions (in particular, hypertension,diabetes,malnutrition,vascular encephalopa- thy,anemia,Parkinson's disease)[3],aging per se determines a series of physiological dysfunctions potentially representing its biological substratum (e.g.,reduction in barore- flex-mediated cardiovascular function,altered salt and water balance at renal level,impaired cardiac diastolic filling).It is also noteworthy that age-related changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of drugs (especially in the context of polypharmacy)also increase the risk of OH. | Sarah Damanti Dario Consormi Annalisa Valentini Benedetta Cerasoli Martina Biotto Federica Conti Marta Clerici Pasqualina Iannuzzi Emanuela Manzo Paolo D Rossi Simona Ciccone Matteo Cesari | 2018 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2018，15，10： | 2 |
| 5 | A phase II, single-arm multicenter study of low-dose rituximab for refractory mixed cryoglobulinemia secondary to hepatitis C virus infection显示文摘 | Marcella Visentini Serena Ludovisi Antonio Petrarca Federica Pulvirenti Marco Zaramella Monica Monti Valentina Conti Jessica Ranieri Stefania Colantuono Elisa Fognani Alessia Piluso Carmine Tinelli Anna Linda Zignego Mario U. Mondelli Massimo Fiorilli Mil | 2011 | Autoimmunity Reviews2011，，11： | 1 |
| 6 | Systematical analysis of sludge treatment and disposal technologies for carbon footprint reduction显示文摘This study aims to comprehensively analyze the Greenhouse Gases(GHGs)emissions from current sewage sludge treatment and disposal technologies(buildingmaterial,landfill,land spreading,anaerobic digestion,and thermochemical processes)based on the database of Science Citation Index(SCI)and Social Science Citation Index(SSCI)from 1998 to 2020.The general patterns,spatial distribution,and hotspotswere provided by bibliometric analysis.A comparative quantitative analysis based on life cycle assessment(LCA)put forward the current emission situation and the key influencing factors of different technologies.The effective GHG emissions reduction methods were proposed to mitigate climate change.Results showed that incineration or building materials manufacturing of highly dewatered sludge,and land spreading after anaerobic digestion have the best GHG emissions reduction benefits.Biological treatment technologies and thermochemical processes have great potential for reducing GHGs.Enhancement of pretreatment effect,co-digestion,and newtechnologies(e.g.,injection of carbon dioxide,directional acidification)are major approaches to facilitate substitution emissions in sludge anaerobic digestion.The relationship between the quality and efficiency of secondary energy in thermochemical process and GHGs emission still needs further study.Solid sludge products generated by bio-stabilization or thermochemical processes are considered to have a certain carbon sequestration value and can improve the soil environment to control GHG emissions.The findings are useful for future development and processes selection of sludge treatment and disposal facing carbon footprint reduction. | Yingxin Zhao Zhifan Yang Jiaojiao Niu Zihan Du Conti Federica Zhe Zhu Kaichao Yang Yan Li Baofeng Zhao Thomas Helmer Pedersen Chunguang Liu Mutabazi Emmanuel | 2023 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2023，，6： | 1 |
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