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| 1 | 限制热量摄入6个月对超重者寿命指标、代谢调节及氧化应激的影响——随机对照试验AuthorAffiliations:PenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter.LouisianaStateUniversity.BatonRouge;andGarvan.InstituteforMedicalResearch.Dadinghurst,AustraIia(DrHeilbronn).显示文摘背景:长期限制热量摄入可延长啮齿类动物的寿命。但是,尚未有研究观测长期限制人体热量是否会影响其寿命及氧化应激指标,降低代谢率。
目的:在超重但不肥胖(体重指数为25—30)的人群中研究限制热量6个月伴/不伴运动对其产生的影响。
设计、地点及参试者:于2002年3月至2004年8月在位于路易斯安娜州首府巴顿鲁治的研究中心对48名不好动的健康人进行随机对照研究。
干预:参试者在6个月内随机分为4个组:对照组(饮食可维持体重);限制热量组(限制基线所需能量的25%);限制热量+运动组(限制12.5%的热量+运动增加12.5%的能耗);极低热量饮食组(每日摄入890keal,直至体重减少15%,随后采用维持体重的饮食)。
主要观测指标:机体组成;硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrostemne sulfate,DHEAS)、葡萄糖及胰岛素水平;蛋白羰基化合物;DNA损伤;24小时能耗;核心体温。
结果:6个月时各组体重变化的均值(标准误)为:对照组-1.0%(1.1%);限制热量组-10.4%(0.9%);限制热量+运动组-10.0%(0.8%);极低热量饮食组-13.9%(0.7%)。6个月时,各干预组空腹血糖水平较基线明显降低(P均〈0.01),而DHEAS和葡萄糖水平没有改变。限制热量组及限制热量+运动组核心体温有所下降(P均〈0.05)。对机体组成进行校正后发现,对照组24小时静息能耗无变化,但限制热量组(-135kcal/d[42kcal/d])、限制热量+运动组(-117kcal/d[52kcal/d])和极低热量饮食组(-125kcal/d[35kcal/d])24小时静息能耗有所下降(P均〈0.008)。上述“代谢调节”(超出预计值的-6%)与对照组相比存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。6个月时,各组蛋白羰基化合物的浓度较基线时无变化,而各干预组DNA损伤有所减少(P〈0.005)。
结论:我们的研究结果显示,长期限制热量可降低人类寿命的2种指标(即空腹胰岛素水平和体温)。此外,我们的研究结果还支持下述理论,即限制热量能降低代谢率,且超过缩小代谢面积产生的相应效应。我们尚需开展远期研究来评价限制热量能否延缓人类衰老过程。 | Leonie K. Heibronn Lilian de Jonge Madlyn I. Frisard James P. DeLany D. Enette Larson-Meyer Jennifer Rood Tuong Nguyen Corby K. Martin Julia Volaufova Marlene M. Most Frank L. Greenway Steven R. Smith Walter A. Deutsch Donald A. Williamson Eric Ravussin 顾佳(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 18 |
| 2 | 中国大学技术转移前沿理论动态:学术背景与理论焦点显示文摘中国技术转移愈益引起关注,关于中国大学技术转移的研究发展迅速,其大致可以归因于三个方面:政策设计与指引、参与全球知识库、技术转移中研究者的角色。对国际上及中国学者关于中国大学技术转移的研究状况进行了评述,在此基础上,剖析了面临的挑战及未来研究机会。 | 陈艾华 Patton Donald Kenney Martin | 2017 | 科学学与科学技术管理2017，38，4： | 8 |
| 3 | Elderly healthcare service at the community health centers in the Pearl River Delta region,China显示文摘Objective:The recent population census showed China had officially become a graying society.In the meantime,China also faces a growing burden of non-communicable diseases.Since 2009,a series of policies have been implemented to enhance primary care at the community level.This study describes the elderly care services provided in the differently organized community health centers(CHCs).Methods:It covered 13 CHCs of six cities located within the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region.In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 59 health administrators,CHC managers,and CHC doctors regarding elderly care.Results:The study found that accessibility of healthcare for elders has been improved due to the development of health insurance schemes as well as preferential policy to encourage the CHC utilization by the elderly.All the CHCs provide health examinations and chronic disease management to the permanent elderly within their catchment district.However,some preventative care such as fall prevention,immunization and mental health management are not provided.Conclusion:Key barriers include low capacity of health service providers in the CHCs,and a lack of government investment in CHCs.Our report provides an empirical evidence for the health care reform in China. | NAN YANG XIAOLIN WEI HAITAO LI ZHENZHEN ZHANG JAMIE RODAS SAMUEL YS WONG MARTIN CS WONG YANG GAO JIAJI WANG DONALD KT LI JINLING TANG SIAN GRIFFITHS | 2013 | Family Medicine and Community Health2013，1，1： | 5 |
| 4 | 消融的冰川:加拿大班夫国家公园亚高山带鲍湖中持久性有机氯的主要来源显示文摘有机氯杀虫剂和多氯联苯(PCB)是环境中普遍而稳固的化合物。现已查明,由于它们从温暖的地区逐渐蒸发出来,并在较冷的地区凝聚下来,因而它们富集在寒冷的环境中。在本研究中,我们的结果是,消融的冰川供给阿尔伯达亚高山带湖泊中的有机氯输入量为50%~97%,而提供的水量为73%。对氚的分析结果表明,在夏季的中、晚期,至少10%的冰川消融物是在1950~1970年期间沉积下来的,这期间它受到有机氯更多的污染。这一发现表明,气候变暖可能会使消融的冰川成为日益增多的淡水污染物来源。由于有机物贫乏的冰川粘土对多氯联苯这样的疏水化合物的吸附能力有限,因此冰川水流带来的有机氯大多呈溶解状态。 | Jules M. Blais David W. Schindler Derek C. G. Muir Martin Sharp David Donald MelissaLafrenière Eric Braekevelt William M. J. Strachan 周立志 | 2001 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2001，30，7： | 4 |
| 5 | Postoperative Complications and Mortality Following Colectomy for Ulcerative Colitis显示文摘 | Shanika de Silva Christopher Ma Marie–Claude Proulx Marcelo Crespin Belle S. Kaplan James Hubbard Martin Prusinkiewicz Andrew Fong Remo Panaccione Subrata Ghosh Paul L. Beck Anthony MacLean Donald Buie Gilaad G. Kaplan | 2011 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2011，，11： | 2 |
| 6 | Two-Year Outcomes After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation显示文摘 | Giora Weisz Martin B. Leon David R. Holmes Dean J. Kereiakes Mel R. Clark Barry M. Cohen Stephen G. Ellis Patrick Coleman Carolyn Hill Chunxue Shi Donald E. Cutlip Richard E. Kuntz Jeffrey W. Moses | 2006 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2006，，7： | 2 |
| 7 | Large-diameter biliary orifice balloon dilation to aid in endoscopic bile duct stone removal: a multicenter series显示文摘 | Siriboon Attasaranya Young Koog Cheon Harsha Vittal Douglas A. Howell Donald E. Wakelin John T. Cunningham Niraj Ajmere Ronald W. Ste Marie Kanishka Bhattacharya Kapil Gupta Martin L. Freeman Stuart Sherman Lee McHenry James L. Watkins Evan L. Fogel Suzet | 2008 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2008，，7： | 2 |
| 8 | A Work Criterion for Plastic Collapse 显示文摘 | Martin Muscat Donald Mackenzie Robert Hamilton | 2005 | Internation- al Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping2005，80，： | 1 |
| 9 | Smooth Muscle Neoplasms of the Urinary Bladder:A Clincopathologic Comparison of Leiomyoma and Leiomyosarcoma显示文摘 | Martin Scott A Sears Donald L Sebo Thomas J | 2002 | American Journal of Surgical Pathology2002，26，： | 1 |
| 10 | Mammosomatotroph cell adenoma of the human pituitary: a morphologic entity显示文摘 | Eva Horvath Kalman Kovacs Donald W. Killinger Harley S. Smyth Martin H. Weiss Calvin Ezrin | 1983 | Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology1983，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Dynamic Equations显示文摘 | Sigrun Bodine Martin Bohner Donald Lutz | 2004 | Journal of Mathematical Sciences2004，，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Human chromosome 21-derived miRNAs are overexpressed in down syndrome brains and hearts显示文摘 | Donald E. Kuhn Gerard J. Nuovo Mickey M. Martin Geraldine E. Malana Adam P. Pleister Jinmai Jiang Thomas D. Schmittgen Alvin V. Terry Katheleen Gardiner Elizabeth Head David S. Feldman Terry S. Elton | 2008 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2008，，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Wireless propagation in tunnels显示文摘 | Donald G Dudley Martine Lienard Samir F Mahmoud | 2007 | IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine2007，49，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Effectiveness of Al, Ca, and Fe salts for control of internal phosphorus loading in shallow and deep lakes显示文摘 | G. Dennis Cooke Eugene B. Welch Angela B. Martin Donald G. Fulmer James B. Hyde Garin D. Schrieve | 1993 | Hydrobiologia (-)1993，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Synthesis and Applications of a New Class of Phosphorus Donor Ligands for Asymmetric Catalysis显示文摘 | HEATHER T DONALD S COLIN E MARTIN W | 1997 | Chem commun1997，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Oxidation of phenol by aqueous hydrogen peroxide catalysed by ferric ion-catechol complexes显示文摘 | Martin B H Donald J I | 1985 | J Chem Tech Biotechnol1985，35，： | 1 |
| 17 | Regression and progression of cardiac sympathetic dysinnervation complicating diabetes: An assessment by C-11 hydroxyephedrine and positron emission tomography显示文摘 | Martin J. Stevens David M. Raffel Kevin C. Allman Markus Schwaiger Donald M. Wieland | 1999 | Metabolism1999，，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Reconsidering the bayh-dole act and the current university invention own- ership model显示文摘 | MARTIN KENNEY DONALD PATTON | 2009 | Research Policy2009，，38： | 1 |
| 19 | Cardiac Sympathetic Dysinnervation in Diabetes: Implications for Enhanced Cardiovascular Risk显示文摘 | Martin J. Stevens David M. Raffel Kevin C. Allman Firat Dayanikli Edward Ficaro Tracy Sandford Donald M. Wieland Michael A. Pfeifer Markus Schwaiger | 1998 | Circulation1998，，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Effectiveness of Al, Ca, and Fe salts for control of internal phosphorus loading in shallow and deep lakes显示文摘 | G. Dennis Cooke Eugene B. Welch Angela B. Martin Donald G. Fulmer James B. Hyde Garin D. Schrieve | | 0，1993，： | 1 |
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