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| 1 | Acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome: A blinded placebo-controlled trial显示文摘AIM: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder and many patients fail to find adequate relief from conventional therapies for their symptoms. This study tests the claim that acupuncture is effective for a majority of these patients.METNODS: A prospective, blinded, sham acupuncturecontrolled trial of traditional Chinese acupuncture was performed at a single postgraduate teaching hospital in Europe. Sixty patients with well-established IBS were recruited. The blinded comparator was sham acupuncture administered by the second of two acupuncturists who alone was aware of the randomization, and who otherwise followed the prescription of the first. The primary endpoint was a defined fall in the symptom score at 13 wk (by intention to treat). The prior expectation was a 30%placebo response, and a response rate of 70% from acupuncture, for which the study was adequately powered.RESULTS: Patients in treated and sham groups improved significantly during the study-mean improvement in scores being equal (minus 1.9) and significant for both (P<0.05;one-tailed t test). There was a small numeric but nonsignificant difference between the response rate in patients receiving acupuncture (40.7%) and sham treatment (31.2%). Several secondary end-points marginally favored active treatment, but an improved symptom score of any degree of magnitude occurred more often with sham therapy (65.6% vs 59.2%). For no criterion was statistical significance approached.CONCLUSION: Traditional Chinese acupuncture is relatively ineffective in IBS in the European hospital setting,and the magnitude of any effect appears insufficient to warrant investment in acupuncture services. | Alastair Forbes Sue Jackson Clare Walter Shafi Quraishi Meron Jacyna Max Pitcher | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，26： | 22 |
| 2 | 马铃薯晚疫病发病程度田间观察记录标准的探讨显示文摘目前用于马铃薯晚疫病发病严重程度的描述方法主要分为两类,一是直接计数法,即感病百分数法;二是分级计数法,包括病情指数法及CIP 9级分级法。基于以上描述方法,还可计算出病情发展曲线下的面积(AUDPC),对遗传材料的抗性进行评价。无论何种方法,准确估计和记录晚疫病病斑侵染面积占植株总面积的比例是非常重要的,即使是长期从事晚疫病研究的专业人员有时也会产生较大的偏差。利用标准图谱作为参照,可以有效降低科研人员的判断误差。所以,有必要建立一套标准的彩色图谱,供从事病害调查的技术人员参考,有效地提高对晚疫病发病程度的评估准确性。 | 李文娟 FORBES Gregory A. 谢开云 | 2012 | 中国马铃薯2012，26，4： | 21 |
| 3 | 医院筹资研究概述显示文摘目的 了解经济转型时期各类医院筹资结构及其效果的变化情况。方法 采用抽样及回顾性调查方法 ,对山东和河南两省 4 5所医院的资金运作情况及效率绩效进行调查分析。结果 1987~1999年 ,4 5所医院其政府补助占总收入的比例呈下降趋势 ,县级以上医院平均由 2 4 7%下降为8 0 % ;而病人付费和药品收入所占比例增加。同时 ,4 5所医院的生产率和社会效率均呈下降趋势 ,除乡卫生院外 ,其他三类医院的经济活力均得到增强。结论 病人付费和药品收入已成为医院筹资来源的主渠道。在注重经济效益的同时 ,应适当调整卫生政策 ,提高医院的生产率及卫生服务的社会效率。 | 徐凌中 Ian Forbes 刘兴柱 董树山 曲江斌 王健 孟庆跃 Pieter Degeling 张凯 朱洪彪 王仲阳 邴媛媛 王兴洲 王桂林 黄思桂 刘冬梅 王义伟 | 2002 | 中华医院管理杂志2002，18，7： | 12 |
| 4 | 卫生筹资改革对医院生产率及经济活力和社会效率的影响显示文摘 | 王健 王桂林 于成浩 王斌 徐凌中 曲江斌 王兴洲 Ian Forbes | 2002 | 中华医院管理杂志2002，18，7： | 11 |
| 5 | Dietary advanced glycation end-products aggravate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM To determine if manipulation of dietary advanced glycation end product(AGE), intake affects nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) progression and whether these effects are mediated via RAGE. METHODS Male C57Bl6 mice were fed a high fat, high fructose, high cholesterol(HFHC) diet for 33 wk and compared with animals on normal chow. A third group were given a HFHC diet that was high in AGEs. Another group was given a HFHC diet that was marinated in vinegar to prevent the formation of AGEs. In a second experiment, RAGE KO animals were fed a HFHC diet or a high AGE HFHC diet and compared with wildtype controls. Hepatic biochemistry, histology, picrosirius red morphometry and hepatic mR NA were determined. RESULTS Long-term consumption of the HFHC diet generated significant steatohepatitis and fibrosis after 33 wk. In this model, hepatic 4-hydroxynonenal content(a marker of chronic oxidative stress), hepatocyte ballooning, picrosirius red staining, α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type 1A gene expression were all significantly increased. Increasing the AGE content of the HFHC diet by baking further increased these markers of liver damage, but this was abrogated by pre-marination in acetic acid. In response to the HFHC diet, RAGE-/-animals developed NASH of similar severity to RAGE+/+ animals but were protected from the additional harmful effects of the high AGE containing diet. Studies in isolated Kupffer cells showed that AGEs increase cell proliferation and oxidative stress, providing a likely mechanism through which these compounds contribute to liver injury. CONCLUSION In the HFHC model of NAFLD, manipulation of dietary AGEs modulates liver injury, inflammation, and liver fibrosis via a RAGE dependent pathway. This suggests that pharmacological and dietary strategies targeting the AGE/RAGE pathway could slow the progression of NAFLD. | Christopher Leung Chandana B Herath Zhiyuan Jia Sof Andrikopoulos Bronwyn E Brown Michael J Davies Leni R Rivera John B Furness Josephine M Forbes Peter W Angus | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，35： | 7 |
| 6 | Entanglement beating in free space through spin–orbit coupling显示文摘It is well known that the entanglement of a quantum state is invariant under local unitary transformations.This rule dictates,for example,that the entanglement of internal degrees of freedom of a photon remains invariant during free-space propagation.Here,we outline a scenario in which this paradigm does not hold.Using local Bell states engineered from classical vector vortex beams with non-separable degrees of freedom,the so-called classically entangled states,we demonstrate that the entanglement evolves during propagation,oscillating between maximally entangled(purely vector)and product states(purely scalar).We outline the spin–orbit interaction behind these novel propagation dynamics and confirm the results experimentally,demonstrating spin–orbit coupling in paraxial beams.This demonstration highlights a hitherto unnoticed property of classical entanglement and simultaneously offers a device for the on-demand delivery of vector states to targets,for example,for dynamic laser materials processing,switchable resolution within stimulated emission depletion(STED)systems,and a tractor beam for entanglement. | Eileen Otte Carmelo Rosales-Guzmán Bienvenu Ndagano Cornelia Denz Andrew Forbes | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 5 |
| 7 | Disruption of Dhcr7 and Insig1/2 in cholesterol metabolism causes defects in bone formation and homeostasis through primary cilium formation显示文摘Human linkage studies suggest that craniofacial deformities result from either genetic mutations related to cholesterol metabolism or high-cholesterol maternal diets. However, little is known about the precise roles of intracellular cholesterol metabolism in the development of craniofacial bones, the majority of which are formed through intramembranous ossification. Here, we show that an altered cholesterol metabolic status results in abnormal osteogenesis through dysregulation of primary cilium formation during bone formation. We found that cholesterol metabolic aberrations, induced through disruption of either Dhcr7(which encodes an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis) or Insig1 and Insig2(which provide a negative feedback mechanism for cholesterol biosynthesis), result in osteoblast differentiation abnormalities. Notably, the primary cilia responsible for sensing extracellular cues were altered in number and length through dysregulated ciliary vesicle fusion in Dhcr7 and Insig1/2 mutant osteoblasts. As a consequence, WNT/β-catenin and hedgehog signaling activities were altered through dysregulated primary cilium formation.Strikingly, the normalization of defective cholesterol metabolism by simvastatin, a drug used in the treatment of cholesterol metabolic aberrations, rescued the abnormalities in both ciliogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our results indicate that proper intracellular cholesterol status is crucial for primary cilium formation during skull formation and homeostasis. | Akiko Suzuki Kenichi Ogata Hiroki Yoshioka Junbo Shim Christopher AWassif Forbes DPorter Junichi Iwata | 2020 | Bone Research2020，8，1： | 5 |
| 8 | Nonlinear optics with structured light显示文摘The interest in tailoring light in all its degrees of freedom is steadily gaining traction,driven by the tremendous developments in the toolkit for the creation,control and detection of what is now called structured light.Because the complexity of these optical fields is generally understood in terms of interference,the tools have historically been linear optical elements that create the desired superpositions.For this reason,despite the long and impressive history of nonlinear optics,only recently has the spatial structure of light in nonlinear processes come to the fore.In this review we provide a concise theoretical framework for understanding nonlinear optics in the context of structured light,offering an overview and perspective on the progress made,and the challenges that remain. | Wagner Tavares Buono Andrew Forbes | 2022 | Opto-Electronic Advances2022，5，6： | 5 |
| 9 | Childhood Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Child/Adolescent显示文摘 | Andrée Rasquin Carlo Di Lorenzo David Forbes Ernesto Guiraldes Jeffrey S. Hyams Annamaria Staiano Lynn S. Walker | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，5： | 5 |
| 10 | 一种新型的火场供水装备——Kuiken快速移动远距离供水系统显示文摘对Kuiken快速移动远距离供水系统构造、工作原理和特点作了介绍。 | Graham Forbes | 2005 | 消防技术与产品信息2005，18，8： | 4 |
| 11 | Creation and control of high-dimensional multi-partite classically entangled light显示文摘Vector beams,non-separable in spatial mode and polarisation,have emerged as enabling tools in many diverse applications,from communication to imaging.This applicability has been achieved by sophisticated laser designs controlling the spin and orbital angular momentum,but so far is restricted to only two-dimensional states.Here we demonstrate the first vectorially structured light created and fully controlled in eight dimensions,a new state-of-the-art.We externally modulate our beam to control,for the frst time,the complete set of classical Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)states in paraxial structured light beams,in analogy with high-dimensional multi-partite quantum entangled states,and introduce a new tomography method to verify their fidelity.Our complete theoretical framework reveals a rich parameter space for further extending the dimensionality and degrees of freedom,opening new pathways for vetorilly structured light in the classical and quantum regimes. | Yjie Shen Iaac Nape Xilin Yang Xing Fu Mali Gong Darryl Naidoo Andrew Forbes | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，5： | 4 |
| 12 | Common elements for uncommon light:vector beams with GRIN lenses显示文摘A well-known defect introduced during the fabrication of GRIN lenses can be exploited for the creation,detection and wave-guiding of exotic forms of vectorial structured light,bringing the toolkit into the realm of common laboratory optics. | Andrew Forbes | 2019 | Light(Science & Applications)2019，8，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Utilizing a novel fiber optic technology to capture the axial responses of fully grouted rock bolts显示文摘Rock bolts are one of the primary support systems utilized in underground excavations within the civil and mining engineering industries. Rock bolts support the weakened rock mass adjacent to the opening of an excavation by fastening to the more stable, undisturbed formations further from the excavation. The overall response of such a support element has been determined under varying loading conditions in the laboratory and in situ experiments in the past four decades; however, due to the limitations with conventional monitoring methods of capturing strain, there still exists a gap in knowledge associated with an understanding of the geomechanical responses of rock bolts at the microscale. In this paper, we try to address this current gap in scientific knowledge by utilizing a newly developed distributed optical strain sensing(DOS) technology that provides an exceptional spatial resolution of 0.65 mm to capture the strain along the rock bolt. This DOS technology utilizes Rayleigh optical frequency domain reflectometry(ROFDR) which provides unprecedented insight into various mechanisms associated with axially loaded rebar specimens of different embedment lengths, grouting materials, borehole annulus conditions, and borehole diameters. The embedment length of the specimens was found to be the factor that significantly affected the loading of the rebar. The critical embedment length for the fully grouted rock bolts(FGRBs) was systematically determined to be430 mm. The results herein highlight the effects of the variation of these individual parameters on the geomechanical responses FGRBs. | Nicholas Vlachopoulos Daniel Cruz Bradley Forbes | 2018 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2018，10，2： | 3 |
| 14 | 利用腰围身高比预测有雄激素缺乏症的老年男性体内血清睾酮水平显示文摘老年男性血清睾酮的下降可能部分是由肥胖引起的,但是,还不能确定哪些肥胖相关的参数与睾酮水平最密切相关。我们研究过伴有雄激素缺乏症但健康状况良好的老年男性的年龄、肥胖和睾酮水平的关系。本研究中,我们从社区中募集了54岁以上无痛症或其他严重疾病的非吸烟男性做横向研究分析,测定身高,体重和腰围,并计算体质指数(BMI)和腰围身高比(WHt)。收集两个早上的血液样本,测量总睾酮,性激素结合球蛋白和促黄体激素。计算游离睾酮(cFT)。并对上述指标与肥胖参数之间的关系进行多元线性凹归分析。207名54-86岁之间的男性参与了此次研究。单因素分析结果表明腰围身高比与睾酮和游离睾酮的相关性明显高于体重和腰吲或体质指数。另外,对总睾酮和游离睾酮来说,体重和腰围以及身高都有重要意义(所有的P均小于0.05),身高值中加入体重和腰围值后,导致体重和腰用以及身高的回归系数都增加了,其中腰围呈负相关,身高呈正相关。总之,腰围身高比是预测健康但有雄激素缺乏症的老年男性的睾酮和游离睾酮最好的体质指标。 | Carolyn A Allan Roger E Peverill Boyd JG Strauss Elise A Forbes Robert I McLachlan | 2011 | Asian Journal of Andrology2011，13，3： | 3 |
| 15 | Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer surgery: long-term outcomes显示文摘 | J. Leroy F. Jamali L. Forbes M. Smith F. Rubino D. Mutter J. Marescaux | 2004 | Surgical Endoscopy2004，，2： | 3 |
| 16 | 谈澳大利亚卫生保健系统筹资和付款的运作方式显示文摘 | Ian Forbes 王斌 徐凌忠 Pieter Degeling 王桂林 曲江斌 王兴洲 张凯 | 2002 | 中华医院管理杂志2002，18，9： | 3 |
| 17 | Activation of stem cells in hepatic diseases显示文摘 | T. G. Bird S. Lorenzini S. J. Forbes | 2008 | Cell and Tissue Research2008，，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Thermally evaporated thin films of SnS for application in solar cell devices显示文摘 | Robert W. Miles Ogah E. Ogah Guillaume Zoppi Ian Forbes | 2009 | Thin Solid Films2009，，17： | 2 |
| 19 | An in situ monitoring campaign of a hard rock pillar at great depth within a Canadian mine显示文摘A recent research campaign at a Canadian nickel-copper mine involved instrumenting a hard rock sill drift pillar with an array of multi-point rod extensometers,distributed optical fibre strain sensors,and borehole pressure cells(BHPCs).The instrumentation spanned across a 15.24 m lengthwise segment of the relatively massive granitic pillar situated at a depth of 2.44 km within the mine.Between May 2016 and March 2017,the pillar’s displacement and pressure response were measured and correlated with mining activities on the same level as the pillar,including:(1)mine-by of the pillar,(2)footwall drift development,and(3)ore body stoping operations.Regarding displacements of the pillar,the extensometers provided high temporal resolution(logged hourly)and the optical fibre strain sensors provide high spatial resolution(measured every 0.65 mm along the length of each sensor).The combination of sensing techniques allowed centimetre-scale rock mass bulking near the pillar sidewalls to be distinguished from microstrain-scale fracturing towards the core of the pillar.Additionally,the influence and extent of a mine-scale schistose shear zone transecting the pillar was identified.By converting measured rock mass displacement to velocity,a process was demonstrated which allowed mining activities inducing displacements to be categorised by time-duration and cumulative displacement.In over half of the analysed mining activities,displacements were determined to prolong for over an hour,predominately resulting in submillimetre cumulative displacements,but in some cases multi-centimetre cumulative displacements were observed.This time-dependent behaviour was more pronounced within the vicinity of the plumb shear zone.Displacement measurements were also used to assess selected support member load and elongation mobilisation per mining activity.It was found that a combined static load and elongation capacity of reinforcing members was essential to maintaining excavation stability,while permitting gradual shedding of stress through controlled pillar sidewall displacements. | Bradley Forbes Nicholas Vlachopoulos Mark S.Diederichs Andrew J.Hyett Allan Punkkinen | 2020 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2020，12，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Capital flow waves: Surges, stops, flight, and retrenchment显示文摘 | Kristin J. Forbes Francis E. Warnock | 2012 | Journal of International Economics2012，，2： | 2 |
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