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| 1 | Lanthanide mechanoluminescence显示文摘Mechanoluminescence(ML) is the emission of light consecutive to a mechanical force or stress imposed to a crystalline material. Many inorganic and organic compounds present this phenomenon that is known for over 400 years. Lanthanide and uranyl salts were among the first substances investigated for this property. Mechanoluminescence, also referred to as tribo luminescence, is often considered as being a badly understood phenomenon. In fact it is because of two main reasons. Firstly, a variety of different mechanical stresses, from simple rubbing, to applied pressure, crushing, impact of a weight, ultrasound,laser-generated shock wave, crystallization, dissolution of crystals, or even wind can trigger it. Secondly,ML is very sensitive to the purity and morphology of the sample: in inorganic compounds, generation of traps by doping 'impurities'(e.g. lanthanide ions) is responsible for light emission so that the exact composition of the sample has to be known to a very detailed level; for chelates, the crystallization conditions are crucial since they often generate extended networks of weak interactions that are instrumental in triggering ML when they are broken. In fact mechanisms of ML are relatively well known and theories and models often reproduce very well the experiments. Additionally, practical applications are at hand,for example stress,crack,and impact sensors based on SrAl_2 O_4:Eu~Ⅱ or Et_3 NH[Eu(dbm)_4] are used to test structures and materials as diverse as road bridges, reinforced concrete elements, pressurized containers or airplane wings and to image the propagation of cracks or stress distribution. Military and security applications involve detecting the passage of vehicle or soldiers and producing counterfeiting inks while more joyful applications are luminous balls, wrapping papers and adhesive tapes. Not only bulk materials, but micro-and nanoparticles feature mechanoluminescent properties and single particle manipulation under an AFM allows one to produce light sources that could be useful to several photonic applications, including bio-applications.The review starts with a short historical background of ML, discussing definitions, and providing some theoretical bases. It then presents instrumental setups before covering all aspects of lanthanide mechanoluminescence, starting with simple salts, then doped inorganic compounds(irradiated and nonirradiated) and finally chelates. Mechanoluminescent sensors are described with various actual and potential applications. Literature is covered until April 2017. The wealth of information gathered during the past 20 years in the field and the broad understanding of the phenomenon attained show that the field is presently ready for a quantitative leap forward. Many subjects are waiting to be developed,including NIR mechanoluminescence or bio-applications based on single mechanoluminescent particle light sources; in addition, designing new types of mechanoluminescent materials with techniques paralleling the developments in other aspects of lanthanide photonics could prove extremely rewarding. | Jean-Claude G.Bünzli Ka-Leung Wong | 2018 | Journal of Rare Earths2018，36，1： | 12 |
| 2 | 成瘾的精神与社会原因显示文摘各种心理学和社会学的文献对毒品依赖性的产生和存在有着不同的阐述,鉴于在这方面的研究还刚起步不久,出现各种不同的看法是可以理解的。目前研究的重点是解释酒精滥用和酒精依赖性是如何产生的,问题在于我们能否简单地将“酒精模式”推而广之,应用于非法毒品的研究领域去呢? 以往的专业文献对于成瘾性的产生提出了很多单一的理论和作用模式,然而,它们都不能圆满地用于解释其产生的各个方面。 | D.Türk G.Bühringer 胡晶琼 | 2000 | 德国医学2000，17，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Nonmyeloablative bone marrow transplantation from partially HLA-mismatched related donors using posttransplantation cyclophosphamide显示文摘 | P.V O'Donnell L Luznik R.J Jones G.B Vogelsang M.S Leffell M Phelps P Rhubart K Cowan S Piantadosi E.J Fuchs | 2002 | Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation2002，，7： | 1 |
| 4 | The effect of trace elements on the sintering of Al–Cu alloys显示文摘 | T.B Sercombe G.B Schaffer | 1999 | Acta Materialia1999，，2： | 1 |
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| 15 | The relationship of sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar protein solubility to colour and water-holding capacity in porcine longissimus muscle显示文摘 | S.T Joo R.G Kauffman B.C Kim G.B Park | 1999 | Meat Science1999，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | 查看详情显示文摘 | West G.B Brown J.H Enquist B.J | | 0，，： | 1 |
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| 18 | Fisheries applications of satellite data in the eastern North Pacific显示文摘 | Fiedler P.C Smith G.B Laurs R.M | | 0，，： | 1 |
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