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| 1 | Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy:A cardiologist's perspective显示文摘Cardiac dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with cirrhosis, and has long been linked to the direct toxic effect of alcohol. Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy(CCM) has recently been identified as an entity regardless of the cirrhosis etiology. Increased cardiac output due to hyperdynamic circulation is a pathophysiological hallmark of the disease. The underlying mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of CCM are complex and involve various neurohumoral and cellular pathways, including the impaired β-receptor and calcium signaling, altered cardiomyocyte membrane physiology, elevated sympathetic nervous tone and increased activity of vasodilatory pathways predominantly through the actions of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and endocannabinoids. The main clinical features of CCM include attenuated systolic contractility in response to physiologic or pharmacologic strain, diastolic dysfunction, electrical conductance abnormalities and chronotropic incompetence. Particularly the diastolic dysfunction with impaired ventricularrelaxation and ventricular filling is a prominent feature of CCM.The underlying mechanism of diastolic dysfunction in cirrhosis is likely due to the increased myocardial wall stiffness caused by myocardial hypertrophy,fibrosis and subendothelial edema,subsequently resulting in high filling pressures of the left ventricle and atrium.Currently,no specific treatment exists for CCM.The liver transplantation is the only established effective therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease and associated cardiac failure.Liver transplantation has been shown to reverse systolic and diastolic dysfunction and the prolonged QT interval after transplantation.Here,we review the pathophysiological basis and clinical features of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy,and discuss currently available limited therapeutic options. | Natig Gassanov Evren Caglayan Nasser Semmo Gero Massenkeil Fikret Er | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 18 |
| 2 | Faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 for colorectal cancer screening:A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To present a critical discussion of the efficacy of the faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2(faecal M2-PK) test for colorectal cancer(CRC) screening based on the currently available studies.METHODS:A literature search in PubMed and Embase was conducted using the following search terms:fecal Tumor M2-PK,faecal Tumour M2-PK,fecal M2-PK,faecal M2-PK,fecal pyruvate kinase,faecal pyruvate kinase,pyruvate kinase stool and M2-PK stool.RESULTS:Stool samples from 704 patients with CRC and from 11 412 healthy subjects have been investigated for faecal M2-PK concentrations in seventeen independent studies.The mean faecal M2-PK sensitivity was 80.3%;the specificity was 95.2%.Four studies compared faecal M2-PK head-to-head with guaiacbased faecal occult blood test(gFOBT).Faecal M2PK demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.1%,whereas the gFOBT detected only 36.9% of the CRCs.Eight independent studies investigated the sensitivity of faecal M2-PK for adenoma(n = 554),with the following sensitivities:adenoma < 1 cm in diameter:25%;adenoma > 1 cm:44%;adenoma of unspecified diameter:51%.In a direct comparison with gFOBT of adenoma > 1 cm in diameter,47% tested positive with the faecal M2-PK test,whereas the gFOBT detected only 27%.CONCLUSION:We recommend faecal M2-PK as a routine test for CRC screening.Faecal M2-PK closes a gap in clinical practice because it detects bleeding and nonbleeding tumors and adenoma with high sensitivity and specificity. | Carolin Tonus Markus Sellinger Konrad Koss Gero Neupert | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，30： | 17 |
| 3 | Colorectal cancer screening by non-invasive metabolic biomarker fecal tumor M2-PK显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the utility of the innovative fecal tumor M2-Pyruvate kinase (M2-PK) test in our daily clinical routine, as a marker for the pre-selection of patients who should subsequently undergo colonoscopy for the diagnosis or exclusion of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Fecal tumor M2-PK was measured in stool samples of 96 study participants (33 patients with colorectal cancer, 21 patients with rectal carcinoma and 42 controls) who all underwent total colonoscopy. RESULTS: In 39 of 42 individuals in the control group, fecal tumor M2-PK was below 4.0 kU/L (93% specificity). Colorectal tumors were accompanied by a highly significant increase (P < 0.001) in fecal tumor M2- PK levels (median: colon carcinoma, 23.1 kU/L; rectal carcinoma, 6.9 kU/L; colorectal carcinoma, 14.7 kU/L), which correlated with Duke’s staging and T-classification. The overall sensitivity was 78% for colorectal cancer, increasing from 60% for stage T1 to 100% for stage T4 and from 60% for Duke’s A to 90% for Duke’s D tumors. CONCLUSION: Fecal tumor M2-PK is an appropriately sensitive tool to pre-select those patients requiring colonoscopy for the further diagnostic confirmation or exclusion of colorectal cancer. | Carolin Tonus Gero Neupert Markus Sellinger | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，43： | 14 |
| 4 | 中国和日本归因于高钠摄入量的脑卒中死亡率的年龄段队列分析显示文摘该研究旨在评估1990-2016年间中国和日本因高钠摄入量导致的脑卒中死亡率的长期趋势。研究人员从全球疾病负担(global burden of disease,GBD)2016中获得死亡率数据,并采用年龄段队列方法进行分析。年龄标准化死亡率数据显示,与高钠摄入相关的脑卒中死亡率呈下降趋势。中国男性和中国女性每年的净降低率分别为-3.1%和-5.0%;而日本男性和日本女性分别为-4.6%和-5.7%。 | 刘青(译) 叶鹏(审校) Cao J Eshak ES Liu K Gero K Liu Z Yu C | 2019 | 中华高血压杂志2019，27，10： | 6 |
| 5 | Different cava reconstruction techniques in liver transplantation:piggyback versus cava resection显示文摘BACKGROUND: Originally, cava reconstruction(CR) in liver transplantation meant complete resection and reinsertion of the donor cava. Alternatively, preservation of the recipients inferior vena cava(IVC) with side-to-side anastomosis(known as 'piggyback') can be performed. Here, partial clamping maintains blood flow of the IVC, which may improve cardiovascular stability, reduce blood loss and stabilize kidney function. The aim of this study was to compare both techniques with particular focus on kidney function.METHODS: A series of 414 patients who had had adult liver transplantations(2006-2009) were included. Among them,176(42.5%) patients had piggyback and 238 had classical CR operation, 112(27.1%) of the patients underwent CR accompanied with veno-venous bypass(CR-B) and 126(30.4%)without a bypass. The choice of either technique was based on the surgeons' individual preference. Kidney function [serum creatinine, calculated glomerular filtration rate(GFR), RIFLE stages] was assessed over 14 days.RESULTS: Lab-MELD scores were significantly higher in CR-B(22.5±11.0) than in CR(17.3±9.0) and piggyback(18.8±10.0)(P=0.008). Unexpectedly, the incidences of arterial stenoses(P=0.045) and biliary leaks(P=0.042) were significantly increased in piggyback. Preoperative serum creatinine levels were the highest in CR-B [1.45±1.17 vs 1.25±0.85(piggyback)and 1.13±0.60 mg/dL(CR); P=0.033]. Although a worsening of postoperative kidney function was observed among all groups,this was most pronounced in CR-B [creatinine day 14: 1.67±1.40 vs 1.35±0.96(piggyback) and 1.45±1.03 mg/dL(CR); P=0.102].Accordingly, the proportion of patients displaying RIFLE stages≥2 was the highest in CR/CR-B(26%/19%) when compared to piggyback(18%).CONCLUSIONS: Piggyback revealed a shorter warm ischemic time, a reduced blood loss, and a decreased risk of acute kidney failure. Thus, piggyback is a useful technique, which should be applied in standard procedures. When piggyback is unfeasible,cava replacement, which displayed a lower incidence of vascular and biliary complications in our study, remains as a safe alternative. | Volker Schmitz Wenzel Schoening Ines Jelkmann Brigitta Globke Andreas Pascher Marcus Bahra Peter Neuhaus Gero Puhl | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，3： | 5 |
| 6 | Oncological Superiority of Hilar En Bloc Resection for the Treatment of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘 | Peter Neuhaus Armin Thelen Sven Jonas Gero Puhl Timm Denecke Wilfried Veltzke-Schlieker Daniel Seehofer | 2012 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2012，，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Gender-dependent association of CTLA4 polymorphisms with resolution of hepatitis C virus infection显示文摘 | Eckart Schott Heiko Witt Holger Hinrichsen Konrad Neumann Viola Weich Alexandra Bergk Juliane Halangk Tobias Müller Sebastian Tinjala Gero Puhl Peter Neuhaus Bertram Wiedenmann Thomas Berg | 2006 | Journal of Hepatology2006，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Electroplating Using Ionic Liquids显示文摘 | Andrew P. Abbott Gero Frisch Karl S. Ryder | 2013 | Annual Review of Materials Research2013，，： | 2 |
| 9 | Warm HTK donor pretreatment reduces liver injury during static cold storage in experimental rat liver transplantation显示文摘BACKGROUND: Organ shortage has led to an increased number of transplantations from extended criteria donors. These organs are more vulnerable to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Thus,improvement of organ preservation is needed. HTK is a widely used preservation solution for static cold storage in liver transplantation. The present study was to investigate the beneficial effect of warm HTK donor pretreatment on liver preservation.METHODS: Male inbred Wistar rats(weighing 230-260 g) served as donors and recipients(n=6/group). Donors of treatment groups received i.v. 0.01 m L/g body weight(BW) warm(21 ℃) HTK systemically 15 minutes prior to cold perfusion. Control groups received 0.01 m L/g BW warm(21 ℃) Na Cl 0.9%. Following pretreatment,donors were flushed with 4 ℃ cold HTK,livers were explanted and stored in 4 ℃ HTK for six hours. Thereafter orthotopic liver transplantation was performed. Recipients were harvested four hours,two and five days after reperfusion and blood and liver tissue samples were obtained. Blood samples were analyzed for AST,ALT,lactate dehydrogenase and bilirubin. Liver histological analysis as well as tissue analysis for pro-MMP2,MMP2 and pro-MMP9 using zymography was conducted.RESULTS: Treatment groups showed significantly lower ALT and lactate dehydrogenase levels as well as significantly lower activities of pro-MMP2,MMP2 and pro-MMP9. Histological analysis revealed only minor damage in all groups.CONCLUSIONS: The new concept of warm HTK pretreatment significantly reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury. The reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury was due to MMP inhibition. Warm HTK donor pretreatment is easy to handle and could further improve HTK's potency in liver preservation. | Wenzel Schoening Veeravorn Ariyakhagorn Thomas Schubert Peter Olschewski Andreas Andreou Peter Neuhaus Johann Pratschke Gero Puhl | 2015 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2015，14，6： | 2 |
| 10 | Anodic dissolution of metals in ionic liquids显示文摘The anodic dissolution of metals is an important topic for battery design,material finishing and metal digestion.Ionic liquids are being used in all of these areas but the research on the anodic dissolution is relatively few in these media.This study investigates the behaviour of 9 metals in an ionic liquid [C_4mim][Cl] and a deep eutectic solvent,Ethaline,which is a 1:2 mol ratio mixture of choline chloride and ethylene glycol.It is shown that for the majority of metals studied a quasi-passivation of the metal surface occurs,primarily due to the formation of insoluble films on the electrode surface.The behaviour of most metals is different in [C_4mim][Cl] to that in Ethaline due in part to the differences in viscosity.The formation of passivating salt films can be decreased with stirring or by increasing the electrolyte temperature,thereby increasing ligand transport to the electrode surface. | Andrew P.Abbott Gero Frisch Jennifer Hartley Wrya O.Karim Karl S.Ryder | 2015 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2015，25，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Function-behavior-structure paths and their roles in analogy-based design显示文摘 | QIAN L GERO J S | 1996 | Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing(AIEDAM)1996，10，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Unexpected discoveries and s-inventions of design requirements显示文摘 | SUWA M GERO J S PURCELL T | 2000 | Design Studies2000，21，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Purpose and function in a eonaborative CAD environment显示文摘 | Rosenman M A Gero J S | 1999 | Reliability Engineering & System Safety1999，64，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Could inflammation be a key com- ponent in the progession of benign pmstalic hyperplasia 显示文摘 | Kramer Gero Marberger Michael | 2006 | CUlT Opi- nin Uro12006，16，： | 1 |
| 15 | Function-behaviour-structure Paths and Their Role in Analogy Based-design显示文摘 | QIAN L GERO J S | 1996 | AI for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing1996，10，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Evolving design genes in space layout planning problems显示文摘 | GERO J S KAZAKOV V A | | 0，，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Function - Behavior - Structure paths and their role in Analogy- Based design显示文摘 | J S Gero | 1996 | Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design Analysis and Manufacturing1996，10，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Design Prototypes:a Knowledge Representation Schema for Design显示文摘 | Gero J S | 1990 | AI Mag1990，11，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Modeling and predicting building's energy use with artificial neural networks: methods and results 显示文摘 | Karatasou S Santamouris M Geros V | 2006 | Energy and Buildings2006，38，： | 1 |
| 20 | Computational models of innovation and creative design process显示文摘 | Gero J S | 2000 | Technological Forecasting and Social Change2000，64，： | 1 |
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