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| 1 | Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure显示文摘Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure(ALF)and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and death.In ALF,some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to lifethreatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described,complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical care.The rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis,delirium,seizures and coma.Cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic mechanism.Astrocyte swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain oedema.The mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte hypothesis.Current evidence also supports an alternate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumulation results in oxidative stress,energy failure and ultimately astrocyte swelling.Although a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF,increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight junctions.At present,there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown. | Teresa R Scott Victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie L Shawcross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 8 |
| 2 | Osteoprotegerin: A Novel Secreted Protein Involved in the Regulation of Bone Density显示文摘 | W.S Simonet D.L Lacey C.R Dunstan M Kelley M.-S Chang R Lüthy H.Q Nguyen S Wooden L Bennett T Boone G Shimamoto M DeRose R Elliott A Colombero H.-L Tan G Trail J Sullivan E Davy N Bucay L Renshaw-Gegg T.M Hughes D Hill W Pattison P Campbell S Sander G Van | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 6 |
| 3 | Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Joseph P Costantino Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Eleftherios P Mamounas Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Norman Wolmark | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，10： | 3 |
| 4 | Technical outcomes of sentinel-lymph-node resection and conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer: results from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase III trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Barbara J Miller Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Denise M Mammolito David R McCready Eleftherios P Mamo | 2007 | Lancet Oncology2007，，10： | 2 |
| 5 | The Integrator complex controls the termination of transcription at diverse classes of gene targets显示文摘包含 INTS3 和 NABP1 或 NABP2 的建筑群开始在 DNA 损坏回答被描绘,但是他们的生物化学的功能仍然保持未知。用亲密关系纯化和 HIV 集成定序目标(HIT-Seq ) ,我们发现这些建筑群是综合者建筑群的部分,它绑 RNA 聚合酶 II 并且调整特定的目标基因。综合者作为他们在亲密地被结合的机制处理到他们的成熟形式的部分劈开 snRNAs 抄写结束。然而, HIT-Seq 表明那个综合者也绑在 3 ′以 polyadenylated 抄本复制依赖者 histones 和倡导者结束基因的近似区域。综合者子单元的弄空导致抄写结束失败, histone mRNA 处理的混乱,和 snRNAs 和 histone mRNAs 的 polyadenylation。而且,倡导者综合者的近似绑定否定地通常调整其抄本是的基因的表示 polyadenylated。到所有三个基因类的综合者招募是 DSIF 依赖的,建议那个综合者作为在 DSIF 依赖的 RNA 聚合酶 II 的结束建筑群工作暂停地点。 | Jeffrey R Skaar Andrea L Ferris Xiaolin Wu Anita Saraf Kum Kum Khanna Laurence Florens Michael P Washburn Stephen H Hughes Michele Pagano | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，3： | 2 |
| 6 | Effects of carrier release kinetics on bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced periodontal regeneration in vivo显示文摘 | Talwar R Di Silvio L Hughes FJ | 2001 | J Clin Periodontol2001，28，4： | 1 |
| 7 | A new finite element formulation for computational fluid dynamics: Ⅷ: the Galerkin least squares method for advective diffusive equations显示文摘 | HUGHES T J R FRANCA L P HULBERT G M | 1989 | Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering1989，73，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Large-scale prediction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene function using overlapping transcriptional clusters显示文摘 | Wu L F Hughes T R Davierwala A P | 2002 | Nat Genet2002，31，7： | 1 |
| 9 | EMAP-surface water:a multi-assemblage probability survey of ecological integrity in the USA显示文摘 | Hughes R M Paulsen S G Stoddard J L | 2000 | Hydrobiologia2000，422，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Optical analysis of solar facility heliostats显示文摘 | IGEL E A HUGHES R L | 1979 | Solar Energy1979，，22： | 1 |
| 11 | Atrazine:Mechanisms of hormonal imbalance in female SD rats显示文摘 | Chapin R E Stevens J T Hughes C L | 1996 | Funda Appl Toxicol1996，29，： | 1 |
| 12 | Quinalazoline antifolateth ymdiylate synthase inhibitors: Heterocyclic benzoyl ring modifications 显示文摘 | Marsham P R Hughes L R Jackman A L | 1991 | J Med Chem1991，34，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Atrazine: Mechanisms of hormonal imbalance in female SD rats 显示文摘 | Chapin R E Stevens J T Hughes C L | 1996 | Funda Appl Toxicol1996，29，： | 1 |
| 14 | In vitro fermentation by human fecal microflora of wheat arabinoxylans显示文摘 | HUGHES S A SHEWRY P R LI L | 2007 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry2007，55，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Evaporative coolingpads: test procedure and evaluation显示文摘 | Koca R W Hughes W C Christianson L L | 1991 | Appl Eng Agric1991，7，4： | 1 |
| 16 | IL-4 and IL-13 activate the JAK2 tyrosine kinase and Stat6 in cultured human vascular endothelial cells through a common pathway that does not involve the gamma c chain显示文摘 | Hughes C C Pober J S | 1996 | J Clin Invest1996，98，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Present and future free-space quantum key distribution 显示文摘 | NORDHOLT J E HUGHES R J MORGAN G L | 2002 | Proc of SPIE2002，4635，： | 1 |
| 18 | Seed and seedling biology in relation to modeling vegetation dynamics under global climate change显示文摘 | Leishman M R Hughes L French K Armstrong D Westoby M | 1992 | Aust J Bot1992，40，： | 1 |
| 19 | A rando-mized,controlled trial to study the effect of exercise consultation on the promotion of physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes:a pilot study显示文摘 | Kirk A F Higgins L A Hughes A R | | 0，，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Sodium as a toxic ion in potassium deficiency 显示文摘 | CANNON P R FRAZIER L E HUGHES R H | 1953 | Metabolism1953，2，4： | 1 |
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