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| 1 | Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in diagnosis and characterization of focal hepatic lesions显示文摘The extensive use of imaging techniques in differential diagnosis of abdominal conditions and screening of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatic diseases,has led to an important increase in identification of focal liver lesions.The development of contrastenhanced ultrasound(CEUS) opens a new window in the diagnosis and follow-up of these lesions.This technique offers obvious advantages over the computed tomography and magnetic resonance,without a decrease in its sensitivity and specificity.The new second generation contrast agents,due to their intravascular distribution,allow a continuous evaluation of the enhancement pattern,which is crucial in characterization of liver lesions.The dual blood supply in the liver shows three different phases,namely arterial,portal and late phases.The enhancement during portal and late phases can give important information about the lesion's behavior.Each liver lesion has a different enhancement pattern that makes possible an accurate approach to their diagnosis.The role of emerging techniques as a contrastenhanced three-dimensional US is also discussed.In this article,the advantages,indications and technique employed during CEUS and the different enhancement patterns of most benign and malignant focal liver lesions are discussed. | Inés Gómez Molins Juan Manuel Fernández Font Juan Carrero álvaro Jose Luís Lledó Navarro Marta Fernández Gil Conrado M Fernández Rodríguez | 2010 | World Journal of Radiology2010，2，12： | 14 |
| 2 | Comparison of antioxidant activity of clove ( Eugenia caryophylata Thunb) buds and lavender ( Lavandula stoechas L.)显示文摘 | ìlhami Gül?in ?. Güng?r ?at ?ükrü Beydemir Mahfuz Elmasta? ?. ?rfan Küfrevio?lu | 2004 | Food Chemistry2004，，3： | 3 |
| 3 | 更年期医学:欧洲男女更年期协会2004/2005关于围绝经期和绝经后激素补充治疗的立场声明显示文摘目前从大量的随机对照临床试验(RCT)中已得出结论性的证据:对于经历令人痛苦的更年期症状的围绝经期和绝经后妇女,任何形式的全身HRT均可以缓解症状,没有其它治疗手段能产生相似效果。尽管这种证据与日俱增,但如何提供最好的临床医疗以减轻绝经症状和预防较远期的绝经后退化性疾病,仍在争论之中。当提供更年期医药时,HRT的剂量和方案的个体化是基于与症状的严重程度和绝经时间相关的最低有效剂量的原则。然而,在有症状的妇女中,尚没有多少关于长期应用不同HRT方案的资料,同时赖以说明心血管疾病、乳腺癌和骨质疏松症的基线风险的影响。在大多数病例中,个体化的处方联同生活方式的调整就可能对更年期症状、生活质量、性问题和骨质疏松症产生最终有益的作用,罕见严重副反应。基于最近的流行病学研究,不少是来自WHI中单用雌激素组的结果,欧洲男女更年期协会(EMAS)支持在有症状的妇女中进行新的HRT方案的研究,以提高临床中受益和风险之间的平衡,包括生活质量方面特有的信息;并解释美国和欧洲之间在治疗模式上的传统差异,以及在BMI、生活方式和饮食习惯方面的不同所产生的影响。对于早绝经(<45岁)的妇女,现有的资料支持HRT所特有的总体益处。目前,具有骨质疏松性骨折高危险性的妇女可考虑应用较长期的全身HRT,尤其是当其它治疗措施既不恰当又疗效不佳时,因为此时收益大于风险。而对于泌尿生殖道症状,已认为长期的局部雌激素治疗可能安全和有效。 | Sven O.Skouby Farook Al-Azzawi David Barlow Joaquin Calaf-Alsina Erdogan Ert ungealp Anne Gompel Alessandra Graziottin Decebal Hudita Amos ines Serge Rozenberg Gran Samsioe John C.Stevenson 陈瑛 | 2005 | 国外医学(妇幼保健分册)2005，16，5： | 3 |
| 4 | Preclinical evaluation of azathioprine plus buthionine sulfoximine in the treatment of human hepatocarcinoma and colon carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and the safety of azathioprine (AZA) and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) bylocalized application into HepG2 tumor in vivo.METHODS: Different hepatoma and colon carcinoma cell lines (HepG2, HuH7, Chang liver, LoVo, RKO, SW-48, SW-480) were grown in minimal essencial medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotic/antimycotic solution and maintained in a humidified 37 ℃ incubator with 5% CO2. These cells were pretreated with BSO for 24 h and then with AZA for different times. We examined the effects of this combination on some proteins and on cellular death. We also studied the eff icacy and the safety of AZA (6 mg/kg per day) and BSO (90 mg/kg per day) in HepG2 tumor growth in vivo using athymic mice. We measured safety by serological markers such as aminotransferases and creatine kinase.RESULTS: The in vitro studies revealed a new mechanism of action for the AZA plus BSO combination in the cancer cells compared with other thiopurines (6-mercaptopurine, 6-methylmercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine and 6-methylthioguanine) in combination with BSO. The cytotoxic effect of AZA plus BSO in HepG2 cells resulted from necroptosis induction in a mitochondrial-dependent manner. From kinetic studies we suggest that glutathione (GSH) depletion stimulates c-Jun amino-terminal kinase and Bax translocation in HepG2 cells with subsequent deregulation of mitochondria (cytochrome c release, loss of membrane potential), and proteolysis activation leading to loss of membrane integrity, release of lactate dehydrogenase and DNA degradation. Some of this biochemical and cellular changes could be reversed by N-acetylcysteine (a GSH replenisher). In vivo studies showed that HepG2 tumor growth was inhibited when AZA was combined with BSO.CONCLUSION: Our studies suggest that a combination of AZA plus BSO could be useful for localizedtreatment of hepatocellular carcinoma as in the currently used transarterial chemoembolization method. | Borja Hernández-Breijo Jorge Monserrat Sara Ramírez-Rubio Eva P Cuevas Diana Vara Inés Díaz-Laviada M Dolores Fernández-Moreno Irene D Román Javier P Gisbert Luis G Guijarro | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，34： | 2 |
| 5 | Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin显示文摘 | Tuba Ak ?lhami Gül?in | 2008 | Chemico-Biological Interactions2008，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Efficacy of a Modified Sequential Therapy Including Bismuth Subcitrate as First‐Line Therapy to Eradicate H elicobacter pylori in a Turkish Population显示文摘 | Ahmet Uygun A. Melih OZEL Bulent Sivri Zulfikar Polat Halil Gen? Yusuf Serdar Sakin Gürkan ?elebi Oya Uygur‐Bayrami?li Cemal Nuri Er?in Abdurrahman Kadayif?i Ozdes Emer Armagan Gunal Sait Bagci | 2012 | Helicobacter2012，，6： | 2 |
| 7 | Breaking tolerance to tumors with dendritic Cell Based immunotherapy显示文摘 | Ines Mende Edgar G Engleman | 2005 | Annals New York Academy of Sciences2005，1058，： | 1 |
| 8 | Regulation of ginsenoside and phytosterol biosynthesis by RNA interferences of squalene epoxidase gene in Panax ginseng显示文摘 | HAN J Y IN J G KWON Y S | 2010 | Phytochemistry2010，71，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Control of walking and running by means of electrical stimulation of the midbrain显示文摘 | Shik M L Severin F Orlovsky G IN | 1966 | Biofizika1966，11，： | 1 |
| 10 | Review of cases reported over the past twenty -five years 显示文摘 | Miguel G madariaga NG Sandra D polymyositis - like syn- drome in hypothyroidism | 2002 | Thyroid2002，12，： | 1 |
| 11 | Regional receptor signaling components determine differential growth patterns in the human lens显示文摘 | Maidment JM Duncan G differences in tyrosine kinase Tamiya S | 2004 | Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2004，45，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Long- ABO-incompatible liver transplantation显示文摘 | Varela-Fascinetto G Treacy SJ term results in pediatric Lillehei CW | 1999 | Transplant Proc1999，31，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Newton- Euler Equations of Multibody Systems with Changing Structures for Space Applications显示文摘 | Dynamics in Graduate and Meeh Mach Theory 2011 ASLANOV V KRUGLOV G YUDINTSEV V | 2011 | Acta Astronautica2011，68，： | 1 |
| 14 | Polyphenol contents and in vitro antioxidant ac- tivities of lyophilised aqueous extract of kiwifruit (Actinidia deli- ciosa)显示文摘 | Bursal E G L In I | 2011 | Food Research International2011，44，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Serrum retinol-blinding protein-4, leptin, and adiponectin concentrations are related to cetopic fat accumulation显示文摘 | Persegh in G Lattuuada G De C | 2007 | Clin Endocrinol Metab2007，92，12： | 1 |
| 16 | a quantitative analysis显示文摘 | LASLETT G M GREEN P F DUDDY I R et' al Thermal annealing of fission tracks in apatite 2 | 1987 | Chemical Geology1987，65，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Selective blockage of in-termediate-Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+Channel sup-presses proliferation of microvascular and macrovascular en-dothelial cells and angiogenesis in vitro显示文摘 | Ivica G Ines E Philipp H | 2005 | ArteriosclerosisThromb Vasc Biol2005，25，： | 1 |
| 18 | Correlation of the Tei index with invasive measurement of ventricular function in a porcine mode 显示文摘 | La Corte J C Cabreriza S E Rabk in D G | 2003 | Am soe Echocardiogr2003，16，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Corporate executives and environmentalscanning activities: an empirical investigation显示文摘 | HAGEN A F A M IN S G | 1995 | SAM Advanced Management Journal1995，60，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Combating business crime in Sweden:aperformance audit显示文摘 | RUBER G KAR IN | | 0，，： | 1 |
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