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| 1 | Numerical simulation of the effect of lower positive charge region in thunderstorms on different types of lightning显示文摘Combined with the existing stochastic lightning parameterization scheme, a classic tripole charge structure in thunderstorms is assumed in the paper, and then 2-dimensional fine-resolution lighting discharge simulations are performed to quantitatively investigate the effect of lower positive charge(LPC) on different types of lightning. The results show:(1) The LPC plays a key role in generating negative cloud-to-ground(CG) flashes and inverted intra-cloud(IC) lightning, and with the increase of charge density or distribution range of LPC region, lightning type changes from positive polarity IC lightning to negative CG flashes and then to inverted IC lightning.(2) Relative to distribution range of charge regions, the magnitude of charge density of the LPC region plays a dominant role in lightning type. Only when the maximal charge density value of LPC region is within a certain range, can negative CG flashes occur, and the occurrence probability is relatively fixed.(3) In this range, the charge density and distribution range of LPC region jointly determine the occurrence of negative CG flashes, which has a linear boundary with the trigger condition of IC lightning.(4) The common effect of charge density and distribution range of the LPC region is to change the distribution of positive potential well of bottom part of thunderstorms, and inverted IC lightning occurs when the initial reference potential is close to 0 MV, and negative CG flashes occur when the initial reference potential is far less than 0 MV. | TAN YongBo LIANG ZhongWu SHI Zheng ZHU JunRu GUO XiuFeng | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，9： | 5 |
| 2 | Vertical structure and seasonal variation of tidal and residual currents in the northern Huanghai Sea显示文摘Analysis of tidal current and sea level has been made based on the observations from the summer of 2006 to the winter of 2007,respectively.The result indicates that a two-layer structure of residual current exists in summer,with its upper layer going northwestward and the lower layer southeastward.In addition,some strong residuals exist in the neighboring depth of the pycnocline during the current period of astronomical tide.In winter,except some individual layersthe residual currents mostly direct to the northwest,from which we can see the fluctuation of abnormal sea-level and the appearance of associated current because of the changes of the wind field.The analysis of tidal ellipse indicates that the direction of the maximum semidiurnal component is clockwise from summer to winter,with an angle of 16-18.Moreover,in summer the semidiurnal component rotates with depth clockwise while the diurnal component counterclockwise.However,the vertical structure is almost homogeneous in winter. | SONG Jun GUO Junru QIAO Lulu MU Lin YAO Zhigang LIU Yang LI Huan BAO Xianwen SUN Xiaoyan GAO Jia | 2011 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2011，30，5： | 4 |
| 3 | Definition of water exchange zone between the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea and the effect of winter gale on it显示文摘The marine dynamic environment of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea in the winter of 2006 is simulated by the Regional Ocean Modelling System(ROMS) marine numerical model. Using the simulated temperature and salinity, the water exchange zone between the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea is defined through the Spectral Mixture Model(SMM). The influence of winter gales on the water exchange is also discussed. It is found that the Yellow Sea water masses in winter are distributed in a 'tongue' shape in the Bohai Strait region, the water exchange zone presents a zonal distribution along the margin of the 'tongue', with a tendency of running from northwest to southeast, and the water exchange is intensified at the tip of the 'tongue'. Besides, the coastal area in the northernmost Yellow Sea does not participate in the water exchange between the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. The result shows that the winter gale events play a role in enhancing the water exchange. It is specifically shown by the facts: the Yellow Sea warm current is enhanced to intrude the Bohai Sea by the gale process; the water exchange zone extends into the Bohai Sea; the water exchange belt in the southern part becomes wider; the mixture zone of river runoff with the Bohai Sea water upon its entry is enlarged and shifts northwards. Within two days after the gale process, the exchange zone retreats toward the Yellow Sea and the exchange zone resulted from the Huanghe River(Yellow River) runoff also shrinks back shoreward. | SONG Jun GUO Junru LI Jing MU Lin LIU Yulong WANG Guosong LI Yan LI Huan | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Preparation and formation mechanism of nano-iron oxide black pigment from blast furnace flue dust显示文摘 | Lazhen Shen Yongsheng Qiao Yong Guo Junru Tan | 2013 | Ceramics International2013，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | The sensitivity of numerical simulation to vertical mixing parameterization schemes: a case study for the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass显示文摘The vertical mixing parameterization scheme,by providing the eff ects of some explicitly missed physical processes and more importantly closing the energy budgets,is a critical model component and therefore imposes signifi cant impacts on model performance.The Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass(YSCWM),as the most striking and unique phenomenon in the Yellow Sea during summer,is dramatically aff ected by vertical mixing process during its each stage and therefore seriously sensitive to the proper choice of parameterization scheme.In this paper,a hindcast of YSCWM in winter of 2006 was implemented by using the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS).Three popular parameterization schemes,including the level 2.5 Mellor-Yamada closure(M-Y 2.5),Generic Length Scale closure(GLS)and K-Profi le Parameterization(KPP),were tested and compared with each other by conducting a series of sensitivity model experiments.The infl uence of diff erent parameterization schemes on modeling the YSCWM was then carefully examined and assessed based on these model experiments.Although reasonable thermal structure and its seasonal variation were well reproduced by all schemes,considerable diff erences could still be found among all experiments.A warmer and spatially smaller simulation of YSCWM,with very strong thermocline,appeared in M-Y 2.5 experiment,while a spatially larger YSCWM with shallow mixed layer was found in GLS and KPP schemes.Among all the experiments,the discrepancy,indicated by core temperature,appeared since spring,and grew gradually by the end of November.Additional experiments also confi rmed that the increase of background diff usivity could eff ectively weaken the YSCWM,in either strength or coverage.Surface wave,another contributor in upper layer,was found responsible for the shrinkage of YSCWM coverage.The treatment of wave eff ect as an additional turbulence production term in prognostic equation was shown to be more superior to the strategy of directly increasing diff usivity for a coastal region. | Congcong BI Zhigang YAO Xianwen BAO Cong ZHANG Yang DING Xihui LIU Junru GUO | 2021 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2021，39，1： | 0 |
| 6 | Recent advancement of flow-induced piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting techniques:principles,structures,and nonlinear designs显示文摘Energy harvesting induced from flowing fluids(e.g.,air and water flows)is a well-known process,which can be regarded as a sustainable and renewable energy source.In addition to traditional high-efficiency devices(e.g.,turbines and watermills),the micro-power extracting technologies based on the flow-induced vibration(FIV)effect have sparked great concerns by virtue of their prospective applications as a self-power source for the microelectronic devices in recent years.This article aims to conduct a comprehensive review for the FIV working principle and their potential applications for energy harvesting.First,various classifications of the FIV effect for energy harvesting are briefly introduced,such as vortex-induced vibration(VIV),galloping,flutter,and wake-induced vibration(WIV).Next,the development of FIV energy harvesting techniques is reviewed to discuss the research works in the past three years.The application of hybrid FIV energy harvesting techniques that can enhance the harvesting performance is also presented.Furthermore,the nonlinear designs of FIV-based energy harvesters are reported in this study,e.g.,multi-stability and limit-cycle oscillation(LCO)phenomena.Moreover,advanced FIV-based energy harvesting studies for fluid engineering applications are briefly mentioned.Finally,conclusions and future outlook are summarized. | Dongxing CAO Junru WANG Xiangying GUO S.K.LAI Yongjun SHEN | 2022 | Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition)2022，43，7： | 0 |
| 7 | The Change Features of the West Boundary Bifurcation Line of the North Equatorial Current in the Pacific显示文摘The equatorial Current in the North Pacific(NEC) is an upper layer westward ocean current, which flows to the west boundary of the ocean, east of the Philippines, and bifurcates into the northerly Kuroshio and the main body of the southerly Mindanao current. Thus, NEC is both the south branch of the Subtropical Circulation and the north branch of the Tropical Circulation. The junction of the two branches extends to the west boundary to connect the bifurcation points forming the bifurcation line. The position of the North Pacific Equatorial Current bifurcation line of the surface determines the exchange between and the distribution of subtropical and tropical circulations, thus affecting the local or global climate. A new identification method to track the line and the bifurcation channel was used in this study, focusing on the climatological characteristics of the western boundary of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation line. The long-term average NEC west boundary bifurcation line shifts northwards with depth. In terms of seasonal variation, the average position of the western boundary of the bifurcation line is southernmost in June and northernmost in December, while in terms of interannual variation, from spring to winter in the years when ENSO is developing, the position of the west boundary bifurcation line of NEC is relatively to the north(south) in EI Ni?o(La Ni?a) years as compared to normal years. | GUO Junru LIU Yulong SONG Jun BAO Xianwen LI Yan CHEN Shaoyang YANG Jinkun | 2015 | Journal of Ocean University of China2015，14，6： | 0 |
| 8 | Building and Application of the“Relay”Volunteer Teaching Model for Pre-service Teachers under“Internet Plus”显示文摘The educational practice of pre-service teachers is an essential part of teacher training.As an important form of educational practice,volunteer teaching can effectively improve the quality of teacher training and bridge the serving of basic education.Upon the literature review on existing volunteer teaching models,this paper develops a teaching community of teachers under“Internet Plus”and the prototype of a“relay”volunteer teaching model towards the integrated design of training undergraduate pre-teachers and improving the educational quality of small rural schools.The sound“relay”volunteer teaching model has been formed upon revisions around checking its completeness,optimizing its operability,and enhancing its stability using the design-based research paradigm according to the research path of“planning-application-reflection-improvement.”The practice has indicated positive effects of the new model in promoting the academic development of students in small rural schools,enhancing the classroom teaching competency of rural teachers,and improving the professionalism of pre-service teachers.The quality and efficiency of the new model can be improved through initiatives such as providing timely and efficient technical support,establishing a favorable and harmonious relationship between teachers and students,adopting guidance with double-qualified instructors for instant companionship,and implementing flexible incentives and restraints. | SHEN Junru GUO Shaoqing HE Xiangchun WANG Dong WANG Jiayang | 2022 | Frontiers of Education in China2022，17，3： | 0 |
| 9 | The construction of high precision geostrophic currents based on new gravity models of GOCE and satellite altimetry data显示文摘The new gravity field models of gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer(GOCE),TIM_R6 and DIR_R6,were released by the European Space Agency(ESA)in June 2019.The sixth generation of gravity models have the highest possible signal and lowest error levels compared with other GOCE-only gravity models,and the accuracy is significantly improved.This is an opportunity to build high precision geostrophic currents.The mean dynamic topography and geostrophic currents have been calculated by the 5th(TIM_R5 and DIR_R5),6th(TIM_R6 and DIR_R6)release of GOCE gravity field models and ITSG-Grace2018 of GRACE gravity field model in this study.By comparison with the drifter results,the optimal filtering lengths of them have been obtained(for DIR_R5,DIR_R6,TIM_R5 and TIM_R6 models are 1°and for ITSG-Grace2018 model is 1.1°).The filtered results show that the geostrophic currents obtained by the GOCE gravity field models can better reflect detailed characteristics of ocean currents.The total geostrophic speed based on the TIM_R6 model is similar to the result of the DIR_R6 model with standard deviation(STD)of 0.320 m/s and 0.321 m/s,respectively.The STD of the total velocities are 0.333 m/s and 0.325 m/s for DIR_R5 and TIM_R5.When compared with ITSG-Grace2018 results,the STD(0.344 m/s)of total geostrophic speeds is larger than GOCE results,and the accuracy of geostrophic currents obtained by ITSG-Grace2018 is lower.And the absolute errors are mainly distributed in the areas with faster speeds,such as the Antarctic circumpolar circulation,equatorial region,Kuroshio and Gulf Stream areas.After the remove-restore technique was applied to TIM_R6 MDT,the STD of total geostrophic speeds dropped to 0.162 m/s. | Wenyan Sui Junru Guo Jun Song Zhiliang Liu Meng Wang Xibin Li Yanzhao Fu Yongquan Li Yu Cai Linhui Wang Lingli Li Xiaofang Guo Wenting Zuo | 2021 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2021，40，3： | 0 |
| 10 | Effects of Tai Chi on health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Objective:To explore the effects and dose-response relationship of Tai Chi for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and to evaluate the methodological quality of the included trials and evidence quality of the outcomes.Methods:Nine major English and Chinese databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of Tai Chi for T2DM from inception to December 2021.The effects and dose-response relationships were assessed with a meta-analysis and meta-regression using Stata.16.The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the risk of bias tool.The evidence quality of the outcomes was assessed using the GRADE tool.Results:A total of 24 studies with 1314 patients were included.Compared with the usual care,Tai Chi improved HbA1c(MD¼0.80%,95%CI[1.05,0.54],P<.001,I2¼18.29%,very low-quality evidence),FBG(SMD¼0.58,95%CI[0.86,0.31],P<.001,I2¼53.2%,low-quality evidence),fasting insulin(FIN),diastolic blood pressure,BMI,and the outcomes of quality of life(QoL)in patients with T2DM.However,when Tai Chi was compared with other exercise,there was no between-group difference in the HbA1c,FBG,TC,TG,HDL,LDL,BMI,and waist circumference(WC).Furthermore,the findings showed that an increase at every 18 weeks in length or an 823-h increase in the total time of Tai Chi intervention resulted in approximately a one unit reduction in the SMD of FBG.Conclusion:Compared with usual care,Tai Chi may improve HbA1c(with clinical significance),FBG,FIN,BMI,diastolic blood pressure,and outcomes of QoL in T2DM patients.The effects of Tai Chi were similar to those of other exercises on the HbA1c,FBG,TC,TG,HDL,LDL,BMI,and WC.Given the overall poor methodological quality and evidence quality,these findings should be treated cautiously. | Yiqing Cai Xin Liu Anni Zhao Junru Mao Xiangyu Guo Guangzong Li Jing Yang Yingqi Wu Yutong Fei | 2022 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences2022，9，2： | 0 |
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