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| 1 | Grassland ecology in China: perspectives and challenges显示文摘During the last few decades, there have been an increasing number of studies on grassland ecology in China, involving the classic ecology concepts or theories and the applicable ecological principles of grassland conservation or management. This paper reviews the main progress in the following aspects.(1) Research on grassland species adaptation and resistance, population dynamics and foraging behavior, and biodiversity and community stability.(2) Research on managed grassland ecosystems(grassland grazing ecology) including grazing effects on grassland ecosystem function and foraging behavior by large herbivores.(3) Global climate change and grassland processes and functioning.(4) Applied research on grassland restoration and ecosystem health assessments such as vegetation restoration, restoration of ecosystem functioning, and assessment methods. There have been significant advances in grassland ecology,including the functions of ecosystem biodiversity, the ecological stoichiometry mechanisms affecting grassland community stability, grazing regulation of plant diversity and nutrient cycling. Grassland ecologists have succeeded in making these advances through observational, experimental and theoretical studies. Nevertheless, there are still significant challenges for the grassland ecology research,including understanding of grassland spatial processes,grassland grazing and multi-functionality, integrated effects of global climate change across grassland areas,as well as the ecological methodology and experimental techniques in grassland ecology. | Deli WANG Ling WANG Jushan LIU Hui ZHU Zhiwei ZHONG | 2018 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2018，5，1： | 6 |
| 2 | Hyperbranched polymer micelles with triple-stimuli backbone-breakable iminoboronate ester linkages显示文摘Hyperbranched polymers have attracted increasing interests due to their unique structure-related advantages and have been utilized as drug carriers for controlled delivery.However,it is still challenging to prepare multi stimuli-responsive hyperbranched polymers to sense and response the complex yet delicate changes in physiological environment.Herein,we propose a triple-stimuli backbone-breakable hyperbranched polymer(HBP(OEG-IB)),which is prepared via the convenient iminoboronate multicomponent reaction ofα,ω-di(1,2-diol)s oligo(ethylene glycol),tris(3-aminopropyl)amine and 2-formylphenylboronic acid.Upon the stimulation of CO2,lactic acid and glutathione,micelles formed by HBP(OEG-IB)could be disrupted via the dissociation of iminoboronate ester bond to subsequent release incorporated camptothecin(CPT).Cell experiments show that the HBP(OEG-IB)is non-toxic but can enhance the therapeutic effect of CPT thanks to the effect of the protonated tertiary amino groups.The demonstration made in this work can enrich the design of responsive HBPs and can be readily applied to other systems with tunable responsive properties and functions. | Xuan Zhang Jushan Gao Xiaoye Zhao Zhaotie Liu Zhongwen Liu Ke Wang Guo Li Jinqiang Jiang | 2020 | Chinese Chemical Letters2020，31，7： | 2 |
| 3 | The relative and combined effects of herbivore assemblage and soil nitrogen on plant diversity显示文摘Plant diversity can be affected by both herbivore grazing and soil resources. However, it is unclear if the joint effects of herbivores and soil resources might vary with components of plant diversity. Here, we evaluated the relative and combined effects of herbivore assemblage and soil nitrogen(N) quantity and heterogeneity on the α and β components of plant diversity in a grassland that was subjected to four years of grazing under differing herbivore assemblages(no grazing, cattle grazing, sheep grazing, and mixed grazing). We found that herbivore assemblage combined with soil N quantity explained 41% of the variation in plant α-diversity, while herbivore assemblage combined with soil N heterogeneity explained 15% of the variation in plant β-diversity. The independent effects of herbivore assemblage explained more than those of soil N for both α-and β-diversity(α-diversity: 12% vs. 4%;β-diversity: 18% vs. 16%). We concluded that the effects of herbivores are stronger than those of soil N,and that grazing-induced changes in soil resources are important drivers of plant diversity change, especially α-diversity.Therefore, we suggest that managing herbivore species by accounting for the effects that their grazing can have on soil resources may be significant for plant diversity maintenance. | Minna Zhang Bai Liu Guangyin Li Yingying Kuang Xiuquan Yue Shicheng Jiang Jushan Liu Ling Wang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Acid-resistant ROS-responsive hyperbranched polythioether micelles for ulcerative colitis therapy显示文摘Drug-loaded micelles for oral administration are desired for its conve nience,low cost and flexibility,but current designs rely on introducing pH responsiveness,leaving problems like drug leakage and low accuracy of targeted delivery un-solved.Herein,we reported an acid-resistant ROS-responsive hyperbranched polythioether which can self-assemble into micellar structure and pass through the gastrointestinal tract without leaking drugs.At the inflammatory lesions,the thioester bonds are oxidized to sulphone groups to significantly increase the hydrophilicity in response to accumulated ROS species and efficiently release the encapsulated drugs.Animal experiments,including the evaluation of bodyweight,colon length,MPO activity,spleen index,histology and quantitative reverse transcription PCR,evidenced that the drug-loaded micelles have improved therapeutic efficiency compared to bare drug administration for the treatment of DSS-induced colitis in mice.This study provides an example of oral administrated micellar system can be extended for the treatment of other intestinal tract diseases. | Haitong Shi Xiaoye Zhao Jushan Gao Zhongwen Liu Zhaotie Liu Ke Wang Jinqiang Jiang | 2020 | Chinese Chemical Letters2020，31，12： | 0 |
| 5 | Bottlebrush inspired injectable hydrogel for rapid prevention of postoperative and recurrent adhesion显示文摘Postsurgical adhesion is a common clinic disease induced by surgical trauma,accompanying serious subsequent complications.Current non-surgical approaches of drugs treatment and biomaterial barrier administration only show limited prevention effects and couldn’t effectively promote peritoneum repair.Herein,inspired by bottlebrush,a novel self-fused,antifouling,and injectable hydrogel is fabricated by the free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution between the methacrylate hyaluronic acid(HA-GMA)and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide(HPMA)monomer without any chemical crosslinkers,termed as H-HPMA hydrogel.The H-HPMA hydrogel can be tuned to perform excellent self-fused properties and suitable abdominal metabolism time.Intriguingly,the introduction of the ultra-hydrophilic HPMA chains to the H-HPMA hydrogel affords an unprecedented antifouling capability.The HPMA chains establish a dense hydrated layer that rapidly prevents the postsurgical adhesions and recurrent adhesions after adhesiolysis in vivo.The H-HPMA hydrogel can repair the peritoneal wound of the rat model within 5 days.Furthermore,an underlying mechanism study reveals that the H-HPMA hydrogel significantly regulated the mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition(MMT)process dominated by the TGF-β-Smad2/3 signal pathway.Thus,we developed a simple,effective,and available approach to rapidly promote peritoneum regeneration and prevent peritoneal adhesion and adhesion recurrence after adhesiolysis,offering novel design ideas for developing biomaterials to prevent peritoneal adhesion. | Jushan Gao Jinpeng Wen Datao Hu Kailai Liu Yuchen Zhang Xinxin Zhao Ke Wang | 2022 | Bioactive Materials2022，7，10： | 0 |
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