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| 1 | Expenditure and financial burden for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China:a hospital.based,multicenter,cross-sectional survey显示文摘Background: The increasing prevalence of colorectal cancer(CRC) in China and the paucity of information about relevant expenditure highlight the necessity of better understanding the financial burden and effect of CRC diagnosis and treatment. We performed a survey to quantify the direct medical and non-medical expenditure as well as the resulting financial burden of CRC patients in China.Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional survey in 37 tertiary hospitals in 13 provinces across China between 2012 and 2014. Each enrolled patient was interviewed using a structured questionnaire. All expenditure data were inflated to the 2014 Chinese Yuan(CNY; 1 CNY = 0.163 USD). We quantified the overall expenditure and financial burden and by subgroup(hospital type, age at diagnosis, sex, education, occupation, insurance type, household income, clinical stage, pathologic type, and therapeutic regimen). We then performed generalized linear modeling to determine the factors associated with overall expenditure.Results: A total of 2356 patients with a mean age of 57.4 years were included, 57.1 % of whom were men; 13.9% of patients had stage I cancer; and the average previous-year household income was 54,525 CNY.The overall average direct expenditure per patient was estimated to be 67,408 CNY, and the expenditures for stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ disease were 56,099 CNY, 59,952 CNY, 67,292 CNY, and 82,729 CNY, respectively. Non-medical expenditure accounted for 8.3%of the overall expenditure. The 1-year out-of-pocket expenditure of a newly diagnosed patient was 32,649 CNY, which accounted for 59.9% of their previous-year household income and caused 75.0% of families to suffer an unmanageable financial burden. Univariate analysis showed that financial burden and overall expenditure differed in almost all subgroups(P < 0.05), except for sex. Multivariate analysis showed that patients who were treated in specialized hospitals and those who were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma or diagnosed at a later stage were likely to spend more,whereas those with a lower household income and those who underwent surgery spent less(all P < 0.05).Conclusions: For patients in China, direct expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC seemed catastrophic,and non-medical expenditure was non-ignorable. The financial burden varied among subgroups, especially among patients with different clinical stages of disease, which suggests that, in China, CRC screening might be cost-effective. | Hui-Yao Huang Ju-Fang Shi Lan-Wei Guo Ya-Na Bai Xian-Zhen Liao Guo-iangLiu A-Yan Mao Jian-Song Ren Xiao-Jie Sun Xin-Yu Zhu Le Wang Bing-Bing Song Ling-Bin Du Lin Zhu Ji-Yong Gong Qi Zhou Yu-Qin Liu Rong Cao Ling Mai Li Lan Xiao-Hua Sun Ying Ren Jin-Yi Zhou Yuan-Zheng Wang Xiao Qi Pei-An Lou Dian Shi Ni Li Kai Zhang Jie He Min Dai | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2017，36，8： | 25 |
| 2 | Identification of coastal wetlands of international importance for waterbirds:a review of China Coastal Waterbird Surveys 2005–2013显示文摘Background:China's coastal wetlands belong to some of the most threatened ecosystems worldwide.The loss and degradation of these wetlands seriously threaten waterbirds that depend on wetlands.Methods:The China Coastal Waterbird Census was organized by volunteer birdwatchers in China's coastal region.Waterbirds were surveyed synchronously once every month at 14 sites,as well as irregularly at a further 18 sites,between September 2005 and December 2013.Results:A total of 75 species of waterbirds met the 1 % population level Ramsar listing criterion at least once at one site.The number of birds of the following species accounted for over 20 % of the total flyway populations at a single site:Mute Swan(Cygnus olor),Siberia Crane(Grus leucogeranus),Far Eastern Oystercatcher(Haematopus osculans),Bar-tailed Godwit(Limosa lapponica),Spotted Greenshank(Tringa guttifer),Great Knot(Calidris tenuirostris),Spoon-billed Sandpiper(Calidris pygmeus),Saunders' s Gull(Larus saundersi),Relict Gull(Larus relictus),Great Cormorant(Phalacrocorax carbo),Eurasian Spoonbill(Platalea leucorodia),Black-faced Spoonbill(Platalea minor) and Dalmatian Pelican(Pelecanus crispus).A total of 26 sites supported at least one species of which their number met the1 % criterion.Forty-two species met the 1 % criterion in the Yellow River Delta,Shandong;29 at the Cangzhou coast,Hebei and 26 species at the Lianyungang coast,Jiangsu.Conclusions:The results highlight the international importance of China's coastal wetlands for waterbirds.This study also demonstrates that participation of local birdwatchers in waterbird surveys results in data that are invaluable not only for understanding the current status of waterbirds in China's coastal regions but also for waterbird conservation and management. | Qingquan Bai Jianzhong Chen Zhihong Chen Guotai Dong Jiangtian Dong Wenxiao Dong Vivian Wing Kan Fu Yongxiang Han Gang Lu Jing Li Yang Liu Zhi Lin Derong Meng Jonathan Martinez Guanghui Ni Kai Shan Renjie Sun Suixing Tian Fengqin Wang Zhiwei Xu Yat-tung Yu Jin Yang Zhidong Yang Lin Zhang Ming Zhang Xiangwu Zeng | 2015 | Chinese Birds2015，，3： | 20 |
| 3 | Development of cell-based pseudovirus entry assay to identify potential viral entry inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2显示文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the causative virus of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.To establish a safe and convenient assay system for studying entry inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2,we constructed a codon-optimized,full-length C-terminal mutant spike(S)gene of SARS-CoV-2.We generated a luciferase(Luc)-expressing pseudovirus containing the wild-type or mutant S protein of SARS-CoV-2 in the envelope-defective HIV-1 backbone.The key parameters for this pseudovirus-based assay,including the S mutants and virus incubation time,were optimized.This pseudovirus contains a Luc reporter gene that enabled us to easily quantify virus entry into angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)-expressing 293T cells.Cathepsin(Cat)B/L inhibitor E64d could significantly block SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection in 293T-ACE2 cells.Furthermore,the SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus could be neutralized by sera from convalescent COVID-19 patients or recombinant ACE2 with the fused Fc region of human IgG1.Thus,we developed a pseudovirus-based assay for SARS-CoV-2,which will be valuable for evaluating viral entry inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies against this highly pathogenic virus. | Jie Hu Qingzhu Gao Changlong He Ailong Huang Ni Tang Kai Wang | 2020 | Genes & Diseases2020，7，4： | 15 |
| 4 | Apatinib, a selective VEGFR2 inhibitor, improves the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to tumors by normalizing tumor vessels in LoVo colon cancer xenograft mice显示文摘Tumor vascular normalization has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for malignant neoplasms, which can also interpret the synergistic effect of anti-angiogenesis agents combined with chemotherapy. Apatinib (Apa), a highly selective VEGFR2 inhibitor, attracts much attentions due to its encouraging anticancer activity, especially in the clinical trials of combined treatment. In this study, we investigated whether Apa could promote vascular normalization in tumor in a certain time window. Mice bearing LoVo colon cancer xenograft were orally administrated Apa (150 mg kg^-1 per day) for 5, 7, 10, or 12 days. Apa significantly inhibited tumor growth and decreased the microvessel density. Using multi-photon microscopy and electron microscopy, we found that Apa improved tumor vessel morphology by pruning distorted vessel branches and decreased the gap between endothelial cells after a 7-day treatment. Furthermore, Apa decreased vessel leakage and in creased pericyte coverage on vascular en dothelial cells, suggesting that tumor vessels were more mature and integrated. The intratumoral distribution of adriamycin (ADR) in Apa group was improved from day 7 to 10 without change in plasma drug concen tration. Tumor blood perfusion was also in creased in this window, and the expression of hypoxia induced factor 1a was downregulated, suggesting the effect of Apa on alleviating tumor hypoxic micro-e nvironme nt. In conclusi on, Apa may improve the effective perfusi on of tumor vessels and in crease the intratumoral distribution of ADR in a certain time window via normalizing tumor vessels. This normalization window (7 to 10 days of treatment) may con tribute to develop a regime n of combi ned medication in clinic use of Apa. | Kai Zhou Jing-wei Zhang Qi-zhi Wang Wen-yue Liu Jia-li Liu Lan Yao Ming-min Cai Sui-ying Ni Qing-yun Cai Guang-ji Wang Fang Zhou | 2019 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2019，40，4： | 10 |
| 5 | Dual-comb spectroscopy resolved three-degreeof-freedom sensing显示文摘Precise and fast determination of position and orientation, which is normally achieved by distance and angle measurements, has broad applications in academia and industry. We propose a dynamic three-degree-of-freedom measurement technique based on dual-comb interferometry and a self-designed grating-corner-cube(GCC) combined sensor. Benefiting from its unique combination of diffraction and reflection characteristics, the absolute distance, pitch, and yaw of the GCC sensor can be determined simultaneously by resolving the phase spectra of the corresponding diffracted beams. We experimentally demonstrate that the method exhibits a ranging precision(Allan deviation) of 13.7 nm and an angular precision of 0.088 arcsec, alongside a 1 ms reaction time. The proposed technique is capable of precise and fast measurement of distances and two-dimensional angles over long stand-off distances. A system with such an overall performance may be potentially applied to space missions,including in tight formation-flying satellites, for spacecraft rendezvous and docking, and for antenna measurement as well as the precise manufacture of components including lithography machines and aircraftmanufacturing devices. | SIYU ZHOU VUNAM LE SHILIN XIONG YUETANG YANG KAI NI QIAN ZHOU GUANHAO WU | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，2： | 8 |
| 6 | Medical expenditures for colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment: A 10-year high-level-hospital-based multicenter retrospective survey in China, 2002-2011显示文摘Objective: Colorectal cancer(CRC) causes a substantial burden of disease in China and the evidence of economic burden triggered is fundamental for priority setting. The aim of this survey was to quantify medical expenditures and the time trends for CRC diagnosis and treatment in China.Methods: From 2012 to 2014, a hospital-based multicenter retrospective survey was conducted in 13 provinces across China. For each eligible CRC patient diagnosed from 2002 to 2011, clinical information and expenditure data were extracted using a uniform questionnaire. All expenditure data were reported in Chinese Yuan(CNY)using 2011 values.Results: Of the 14,536 CRC patients included, the average age at diagnosis was 58.2 years and 15.8% were stageI cases. The average medical expenditure per patient was estimated at 37,902 CNY [95 % confidence interval(95%CI): 37,282-38,522], and the annual average increase rate was 9.2% from 2002 to 2011(P for trend <0.001), with a cumulative increase of 2.4 times(from 23,275 CNY to 56,010 CNY). The expenditure per patient in stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 31,698 CNY, 37,067 CNY, 38,918 CNY and 42,614 CNY, respectively(P<0.001). Expenditure significantly differed within various subgroups. Expenses for drugs contributed the largest proportion(52.6%).Conclusions: These conservative estimates illustrated that medical expenditures for CRC diagnosis and treatment in tertiary hospitals in China were substantial and increased rapidly over the 10 years, with drugs continually being the main expense by 2011. Relatively, medical expenditures are lower for CRC in the earlier stages. These findings will facilitate the economic evaluation of CRC prevention and control in China. | Jufang Shi Guoxiang Liu Hong Wang Ayan Mao Chengcheng Liu Lanwei Guo Huiyao Huang Jiansong Ren Xianzhen Liao Yana Bai Xiaojie Sun Xinyu Zhu Jialin Wang Bingbing Song Jinyi Zhou Lin Zhu Haike Lei Yuqin Liu Yunyong Liu Lingbin Du Yutong He Kai Zhang Ni Li Wanqing Chen Min Dai Jie He | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2019，31，5： | 8 |
| 7 | The growth mechanisms of θ’ precipitate phase in an Al-Cu alloy during aging treatment显示文摘The plate-shaped θ’(Al2 Cu) precipitate acts as one of the primary strengthening phases in Al-Cu alloys.The interface,especially the semicoherent interface,between Al-Cu solid solution(αAl) and θ’ phase contains a lot of clues about phase transformations.Thus,these interfacial structures in an Al-Cu alloy after high-temperature and longtime aging have been analyzed in detail using atomic-scale high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations in this work.It was found that the lateral growth of θ’ precipitates is subjected to a combination of several major mechanisms under this aging condition.Except for some common intermediate phases,two novel and striking structures were observed on the interface,which implies two alternative atomic diffusion mechanisms for θ’ precipitate growth.For one condition,the atomic diffusion from αAl to θ’ phase transformation adopts an interstitialcy mechanism based on additional Al atoms.For the other condition,the diffusion is carried out through Al atoms.Both mechanisms are distinctly different from the previous theory based on direct diffusion of Cu atoms.The first-principle calculations also confirm that these newfound diffusion processes are ene rgetically favored. | Lin Gao Kai Li Song Ni Yong Du Min Song | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，2： | 6 |
| 8 | Characteristics of runoff processes and nitrogen loss via surface flow and interflow from weathered granite slopes of Southeast China显示文摘Rainfall intensity and slope gradient are two of the most important factors affecting the variations of runoff nitrogen(N).However,the effects of slope gradient and rainfall intensity on N loss via surface flow and interflow on weathered granite slopes are poorly understood.In this study,12 artificial rainfalls(three rainfall intensities and four slope gradients)were simulated to investigate the coupling loss characteristics of surface flow–interflow–total nitrogen(TN),nitrate nitrogen(NO_3^--N)and ammonia nitrogen(NH_4^+-N)on weathered granite slopes.The results show that slope gradient has a greater impact on the surface flow when the rainfall intensity is relatively large.The effect gradually weakens with the decrement of rainfall intensity.The interflow yield increases firstly with the prolongation of rainfall duration,then tends to be stable and finally decreases.The total surface flow percentage increases with rainfall intensity while it decreases with increasing slope gradient with a range of 10.88%-71.47%.The TN loss concentration of the surface flow continually decreases with rainfall duration while that of the interflow shows different fluctuations.However,the TN loss loads of both surface flow and interflow increase with increasing rainfall intensity and slope gradient.The NO_3^--N concentration of interflow is much higher than that of the surface flow.The NH_4^+-N concentration is always less than that of NO_3^--N with no significant difference between surface flow and interflow.The percentages of the TN,NO_3^--N,and NH_4^+-N total loss load and concentration of surface flow and interflow were analyzed.The results show that N loss via both surface flow and interflow occurs mainly in the form of NO_3^--N.Most of the N loss is caused by interflow which is the preferential path of runoff nutrient loss.These findings provide data support and underlying insights for the control of runoff and N loss on the weathered granite slopes. | DENG Long-zhou FEI Kai SUN Tian-yu ZHANG Li-ping FAN Xiao-juan NI Liang | 2019 | Journal of Mountain Science2019，16，5： | 6 |
| 9 | Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Rare Earth Complex withCiprofloxacin显示文摘The complex of rare earth with ciprofloxacin has been synthesized and characterized bymeans of x-ray single crystal diftraction. The structure features of the complex are decribed. | Pin YANG Jia Bin LI Yan Ni TIAN Kai Bei YU (1 Institute of molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 0300062 Analysis and Test Cented, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041) | 1999 | Chinese Chemical Letters1999，10，10： | 6 |
| 10 | Path Planning Method Based on D^(*) lite Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Complex Environments显示文摘In recent decades,path planning for unmanned surface vehicles(USVs)in complex environments,such as harbours and coastlines,has become an important concern.The existing algorithms for real-time path planning for USVs are either too slow at replanning or unreliable in changing environments with multiple dynamic obstacles.In this study,we developed a novel path planning method based on the D^(*) lite algorithm for real-time path planning of USVs in complex environments.The proposed method has the following advantages:(1)the computational time for replanning is reduced significantly owing to the use of an incremental algorithm and a new method for modelling dynamic obstacles;(2)a constrained artificial potential field method is employed to enhance the safety of the planned paths;and(3)the method is practical in terms of vehicle performance.The performance of the proposed method was evaluated through simulations and compared with those of existing algorithms.The simulation results confirmed the efficiency of the method for real-time path planning of USVs in complex environments. | YAO Yan-long LIANG Xiao-feng LI Ming-zhi YU Kai CHEN Zhe NI Chong-ben TENG Yue | 2021 | China Ocean Engineering2021，35，3： | 6 |
| 11 | Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants reduce neutralization sensitivity to convalescent sera and monoclonal antibodies显示文摘Coronaviruses are enveloped,positive-stranded RNA viruses that contain the largest known RNA genomes to date.As severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)continues to circulate in the human population,multiple mutations have accumulated over time,which may affect its transmission,virulence and antigenicity. | Jie Hu Pai Peng Kai Wang Liang Fang Fei-yang Luo Ai-shun Jin Bei-zhong Liu Ni Tang Ai-long Huang | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，4： | 5 |
| 12 | 全球尺度上氮添加影响植物生物量分配但不影响不同器官间的异速生长关系显示文摘生物量在不同器官间的分配是植物对环境变化响应的一个关键生态生理学过程。然而,在全球尺度上有关不同陆地生态系统植物生物量分配对氮沉降响应的认识还比较欠缺。本文通过整合分析333篇己发表文章的5474个观测值,基于“最优分配假说”和“异速分配假说”,评估了全球尺度上氮添加对植物生物量及其在不同器官间分配的影响。结果表明:(1)氮添加显著增加了整株植物或不同器官的生物量,降低了根冠比和根质量分数,但对叶质量分数和茎质量分数无显著影响;(2)氮添加对不同器官质量分数的影响受实验条件、植物功能性状、纬度、氮添加率等因子单独或交互作用的调控;(3)氮添加对生物量在不同器官间的异速分配率无显著影响,表明氮添加导致的根冠比和根质量分数减少是在异速分配模式下由整株植物生物量增加而致。虽然氮添加改变了地上和地下部分的质量分数,但不同器官生物量间异速分配模式的稳定性表明“异速分配假说”能更好地描述植物生物量分配对氮添加的响应规律。该研究结果将有助于深入认识氮沉降环境下植物生物量的分配规律,同时表明将生物量分配纳入有关氮沉降对陆地生态系统影响的预测模型中的重要性。 | Kai Yue Dario A.Fomara Wang Li Xiangyin Ni Yan Peng Shu Liao Siyi Tan Dingyi Wang Fuzhong Wu Yusheng Yang | 2021 | Journal of Plant Ecology2021，14，3： | 5 |
| 13 | Increased immune escape of the new SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron显示文摘On 24 November,a new detected variant B.1.1.529 of SARS-CoV-2 by South Africa was reported to WHO.After only 2 days,this variant was designated as“variant of concern”(VOC)and named as Omicron.In the past few weeks,Omicron had reported from more than 80 countries.It has been reported as the dominant SARS-CoV-2 in U.S.due to the rapid spread of Omicron.A new wave of infection driven by Omicron is in progress. | Jie Hu Pai Peng Xiaoxia Cao Kang Wu Juan Chen Kai Wang Ni Tang Ai-long Huang | 2022 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2022，19，2： | 4 |
| 14 | Notch signaling:Its essential roles in bone and craniofacial development显示文摘Notch is a cellecell signaling pathway that is involved in a host of activities including development,oncogenesis,skeletal homeostasis,and much more.More specifically,recent research has demonstrated the importance of Notch signaling in osteogenic differentiation,bone healing,and in the development of the skeleton.The craniofacial skeleton is complex and understanding its development has remained an important focus in biology.In this review we briefly summarize what recent research has revealed about Notch signaling and the current understanding of how the skeleton,skull,and face develop.We then discuss the crucial role that Notch plays in both craniofacial development and the skeletal system,and what importance it may play in the future. | Mikhail Pakvasa Pranav Haravu Michael Boachie-Mensah Alonzo Jones Elam Coalson Junyi Liao Zongyue Zeng Di Wu Kevin Qin Xiaoxing Wu Huaxiu Luo Jing Zhang Meng Zhang Fang He Yukun Mao Yongtao Zhang Changchun Niu Meng Wu Xia Zhao Hao Wang Linjuan Huang Deyao Shi Qing Liu Na Ni Kai Fu Michael J.Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Aravind Athiviraham Sherwin S.Ho Tong-Chuan He Kelly Hynes Jason Strelzow Mostafa El Dafrawy Russell R.Reid | 2021 | Genes & Diseases2021，8，1： | 4 |
| 15 | Changes in the humoral immunity response in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent patients over 8 months显示文摘Many countries around the world have seen a sharp rise in COVID-19 cases since the beginning of October due to the second wave of the pandemic.A decline in the antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which was reported exclusively in the early month,increases the risk of reinfection for convalescent individuals.There is a current need to follow the maintenance of specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. | Pai Peng Jie Hu Hai-jun Deng Bei-zhong Liu Liang Fang Kai Wang Ni Tang Ai-long Huang | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Type-Ⅱ Core/Shell Nanowire Heterostructures and Their Photovoltaic Applications显示文摘Nanowire-based photovoltaic devices have the advantages over planar devices in light absorption and charge transport and collection.Recently,a new strategy relying on type-Ⅱ band alignment has been proposed to facilitate efficient charge separation in core/shell nanowire solar cells.This paper reviews the type-Ⅱ heterojunction solar cells based on core/shell nanowire arrays,and specifically focuses on the progress of theoretical design and fabrication of type-Ⅱ Zn O/Zn Se core/shell nanowire-based solar cells.A strong photoresponse associated with the type-Ⅱ interfacial transition exhibits a threshold of 1.6 e V,which demonstrates the feasibility and great potential for exploring all-inorganic versions of type-Ⅱ heterojunction solar cells using wide bandgap semiconductors.Future prospects in this area are also outlooked. | Yiyan Cao Zhiming Wu Jianchao Ni Waseem.A.Bhutto Jing Li Shuping Li Kai Huang Junyong Kang | 2012 | Nano-Micro Letters2012，4，3： | 3 |
| 17 | Three-Probe Error Separation with Chromatic Confocal Sensors for Roundness Measurement显示文摘In this study,three-probe error separation was developed with three chromatic confocal displacement sensors for roundness measurement.Here,the harmonic suppression is discussed first to set suitable orientation angles among three sensors.Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to test the error separation and optimize the orientation angles and off-axial distance.The experimental setup is established using chromatic confocal sensors with a precise rotary platform.The experimental results show that the measured roundness with an orientation-angle combination of(0°,90.1°,and 178.6°)is much better than that of another nonoptimal selection(0°,90.4°,and 177.4°).The roundness error is only 0.7%between the proposed measurement system and an expensive ultraprecision roundness meter.Furthermore,it is proven that the eccentricity distance should be decreased as small as possible to improve the measurement accuracy.In sum,this paper proposes a feasible method for roundness measurement with reliable simulations,easily integrated sensors,and an ordinary precision rotary platform. | Jiao Bai Yingzuo Wang Xiaohao Wang Qian Zhou Kai Ni Xinghui Li | 2021 | Nanomanufacturing and Metrology2021，4，4： | 3 |
| 18 | TaARR1, a cytokinin response regulator gene in Triticum aestivum, is essential in plant N starvation tolerance via regulating the N acquisition and N assimilation显示文摘Plant N starvation response is closely associated with the N signaling components that involve transduction of the low-N cues. In this study, we functionally characterized Ta ARR1, a cytokinin(CK) response regulator gene in Triticum aestivum, in mediating the N starvation adaptation in plants. Ta ARR1 harbors two conserved domains specified by plant ARR family members;subcellular localization analysis indicated its target onto nucleus after endoplasmic reticulum assortment. Ta ARR1 displayed modified expression upon the N starvation stressor, showing upregulated expression in roots and leaves over a 27-h N starvation treatment and whose induced transcripts were gradually recovered along with progression of the N recovery treatment. The tobacco lines overexpressing Ta ARR1 displayed improved low-N stress tolerance, displaying enlarged phenotype, increased biomass and N accumulation, and enhanced glutamine synthetase(GS) activities compared with wild type(WT) following the N starvation treatment. Expression analysis on genes encoding the nitrate transporter(NRT) and GS proteins in Nicotiana tabacum revealed that Nt NRT2.2 and Nt GS3 are upregulated in expression in the N-deprived transgenic lines, whose expression patterns were contrasted to other above family genes that were unaltered on transcripts between the transgenic lines and WT. Transgene analysis validated the function of Nt NRT2.2 and Nt GS3 in regulating N accumulation, GS activity, growth traits, and N use efficiency in plants. These results suggested the internal connection between the Ta ARR1-mediated N starvation tolerance and the modified transcription of distinct N acquisitionand assimilation-associated genes. Our investigation together indicates that Ta ARR1 is essential in plant N starvation adaptation due to the gene function in transcriptionally regulating distinct NRT and GS genes that affect plant N uptake and assimilation under the N starvation condition. | YANG Meng-ya CHEN Jia-qi TIAN He-yang NI Chen-yang XIAO Kai | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，12： | 3 |
| 19 | An Overview of Formation Mechanism and Disaster Characteristics of Post-seismic Debris Flows Triggered by Subsequent Rainstorms in Wenchuan Earthquake Extremely Stricken Areas显示文摘The Wenchuan earthquake induced large amounts of debris flows and catastrophic incidents triggered by subsequent rainstorms occurred frequently in the past 6 rainy seasons,and thus resulted in serious casualties,huge economic loss and long-term impact.In this paper,post-seismic debris flows distributed in 10 Wenchuan earthquake extremely stricken counties were verified and debris flow database consisting of 609 debris flows was established based on detailed investigation organized by Land and Resources Department of Sichuan Province.Combined with database and related studies,the impact of Wenchuan earthquake on debris flows was analyzed.And then variation of formation conditions including rainfall threshold and landform condition was analyzed by contrasting pre-seismic and post-seismic debris flows.Followed are some typical viewpoints on initiation mechanism of post-seismic debris flows.In the end of this paper,characteristics of postseismic debris flows triggered by subsequent rainstorms were comprehensively summarized,such as regional group occurrence,high frequency,high viscosity,chain effect,huge dynamics,large scale and long duration.We hope this paper will be helpful in understanding the formation mechanism,disaster characteristics and prevention countermeasures of post-seismic debris flows in Wenchuan earthquake extremely stricken areas. | NI Huayong TANG Chuan ZHENG Wanmo XU Ruge TIAN Kai XU Wei | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014，88，4： | 3 |
| 20 | Finger or Light:Stimulation Sensitivity of Visual Startle in the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised for Disorders of Consciousness显示文摘Dear Editor,Coma,the vegetative state(VS),and the minimallyconscious state(MCS),often collectively referred to as disorders of consciousness(DOCs),typically occur after severe traumatic or non-traumatic brain injury^([1]).The boundary between awareness and unawareness remains elusive,making it difficult to correctly distinguish MCS from VS patients.It is possible to employ noninvasive neuroimaging techniques,such as functional MRI(f MRI)[2]to assess residual cognitive processing as well | Feng Zhou Hui Li Kai Wang Yanbin He Yan Chen Xiaoxiao Ni Yechun Guo Wei Lv Jiechun Zhang Qiuyou Xie Ronghao Yu | 2018 | Neuroscience Bulletin2018，34，4： | 3 |
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