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| 1 | Empagliflozin alleviates podocytopathy and enhances glomerular nephrin expression in db/db diabetic mice显示文摘BACKGROUND Modern guidelines recommend sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitors as the preferred antihyperglycemic agents for patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.However,the mechanisms underlying the renal protective effect of SGLT2 inhibitors are not fully understood.structure of podocytes and nephrin expression in glomeruli in db/db diabetic mice.METHODS We treated 8-wk-old male db/db mice with EMPA(10 mg/kg/d)or vehicle for 8 wk.Age-matched male db/+mice were included as non-diabetic controls.Parameters of body composition,glycemic and lipid control,and plasma concentrations of leptin,insulin and glucagon were assessed.We evaluated renal hypertrophy as kidney weight adjusted to lean mass,renal function as plasma levels of creatinine,and albuminuria as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR).Renal structures were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy with a focus on mesangial volume and podocyte structure,respectively.Glomerular nephrin and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)were assessed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Severe obesity and hyperglycemia developed in db/db mice prior to the start of the experiment;increased plasma concentrations of fructosamine,glycated albumin,cholesterol,leptin,and insulin,and elevated UACR were detected.Mesangial expansion,glomerular basement membrane thickening,and increased area of TGF-βstaining in glomeruli were revealed in vehicle-treated mice.Podocytopathy was manifested by effacement of foot processes;nephrin-positive areas in glomeruli were reduced.EMPA decreased the levels of glucose,fructosamine and glycated albumin,UACR,kidney hypertrophy,mesangial expansion,glomerular basement membrane thickening,and glomerular TGF-βstaining,alleviated podocytopathy and restored glomerular staining of nephrin.CONCLUSION These data indicate that EMPA attenuates podocytopathy in experimental diabetic kidney disease.The anti-albuminuric effect of EMPA could be attributed to mitigation of podocyte injury and enhancement of nephrin expression. | Vadim V Klimontov Anton I Korbut Iuliia S Taskaeva Nataliya P Bgatova Maksim V Dashkin Nikolai BOrlov Anna S Khotskina Evgenii L Zavyalov Thomas Klein | 2020 | World Journal of Diabetes2020，11，12： | 2 |
| 2 | Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors显示文摘Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease entity.Radiation offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor prognosis.However,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose regimen.This article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy guidelines.Specific patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with radiation.Indeed,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special consideration.Implementing a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint selection.Strategies to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ITV) expansions,non-gated ITV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or tracking.Localization of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin management.Finally,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies. | Michael I Lock Jonathan Klein Hans T Chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，14： | 2 |
| 3 | Acute effects of thyroid hormone on vascular smooth muscle显示文摘 | Ojamaa K Klemperer JD Klein I | 1996 | Thyroid1996，6，5： | 1 |
| 4 | New Aspects of Score-shell Emulsion Polymerization Polybutylacrylate and Styrene Pair Systems显示文摘 | Min T I Klein A El-Aasser M S Vanderhoff J W | 1981 | Org Coat Appl Polym Sci Proc1981，46，： | 1 |
| 5 | DD3 (PCA3)-based molecular urine analysis for the diagosis of prostate cancer显示文摘 | Hessels D klein Gunnewiek JMT Van Oort I | 2003 | Eur Urol2003，44，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Angles-only navigation state observability during orbital proximity operations 显示文摘 | Geller D K Klein I | 2014 | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics2014，37，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Thyroid hormone and cardiovascular system 显示文摘 | Klein I Ojamaa K | 2001 | N Engl J Med2001，344，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Exclu sion of vanA,vanB and vanC type glycopeptide resislance in strains of Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacil lus rhamnosus used as probiotics by polymerase chainreaction and hybridization methods显示文摘 | KLEIN G HALLMANN C CASAS I A | 2000 | J Appl Mocro biol2000，89，： | 1 |
| 9 | Long-erm recurrence and complication rates after incisional hernia repair with the open onlay technique显示文摘 | Andersen LP Klein M Gogenur I | 2009 | BMC Surg2009，9，： | 1 |
| 10 | Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system显示文摘 | Klein I Ojamaa K | 2001 | N Engl J Med2001，344，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Psychiatric trai- t nees experiences and reactions to, patient suicide显示文摘 | Dewar I G Eagles J M Klein S | 2000 | Psychiatr Bull2000，24，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Response of Arabidop-sis thaliana to N-hexanoyl-DL-homosefine-lactone, a bacterial quorum sensing molecule produced in the rhizosphere 显示文摘 | Von Rad U Klein I Dobrev P I | 2008 | Planta2008，229，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Public channel cryptography by synchronization of neural networks and chaotic maps显示文摘 | Mislovaty R Klein E Kanter I | 2003 | Phys Rev Lett2003，91，： | 1 |
| 14 | Acute stress response and posttraumatic stress disorder in traffic accident victims:a one-year prospective,follow-up study显示文摘 | KOREN D ARNON I KLEIN E | 1999 | Am J Psychiatry1999，156，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Pharmacokinetic predisposi- tion to nicotine from environmental tobacco smoke: a risk factor for pediatric asthma 显示文摘 | I Knight JM Eliopoulos C Klein J | 1998 | J Asthma1998，35，1： | 1 |
| 16 | DPC4/SMAD mediated tumor suppression of colon carcinoma cells is associated with reduced urokirase expression显示文摘 | Schwarte-Waldhoff I Klein S Blass-Kampmann S | 1999 | Oncogene1999，18，20： | 1 |
| 17 | Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system显示文摘 | Klein I Ojamaa K | 2001 | N Engl J Med2001，344，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Response of Arabi- dopsis thaliana to N-hexanoyl-DL-homoserine lactone, a bacterial quorum sensing molecule produced in the rhizospher 显示文摘 | VON RAD U KLEIN I DOBREV P I | 2008 | Plan- ta2008，229，： | 1 |
| 19 | Emergent orthotopic liver transplantation for hemorrhage from a giant cavernous hepatic hemangioma:case report and review显示文摘 | Vagefi PA Klein I Gelb B | 2011 | J Gastrointest Surg2011，15，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Is moderate atherosclerotic stenosis in the middle cerebral artery a cause of or a coincidental finding in ischemic stroke显示文摘 | Klein I F Labreuche J Lavallée P C | | 0，，2： | 1 |
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