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| 1 | Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors显示文摘Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease entity.Radiation offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor prognosis.However,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose regimen.This article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy guidelines.Specific patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with radiation.Indeed,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special consideration.Implementing a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint selection.Strategies to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ITV) expansions,non-gated ITV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or tracking.Localization of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin management.Finally,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies. | Michael I Lock Jonathan Klein Hans T Chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，14： | 2 |
| 2 | FIGO stage IIIC endometrial carcinoma: Prognostic factors and outcomes显示文摘 | Anna V. Hoekstra Robert J. Kim William Small Alfred W. Rademaker Irene B. Helenowski Diljeet K. Singh Julian C. Schink John R. Lurain | 2009 | Gynecologic Oncology2009，，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Long-term outcome in patients with a pathological complete response after chemoradiation for rectal cancer: a pooled analysis of individual patient data显示文摘 | Monique Maas Patty J Nelemans Vincenzo Valentini Prajnan Das Claus R?del Li-Jen Kuo Felipe A Calvo Julio García-Aguilar Rob Glynne-Jones Karin Haustermans Mohammed Mohiuddin Salvatore Pucciarelli William Small Javier Suárez George Theodoropoulos Sebastian | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，9： | 1 |
| 4 | Long-term outcome in patients with a pathological complete response after chemoradiation for rectal cancer: a pooled analysis of individual patient data显示文摘 | Monique Maas Patty J Nelemans Vincenzo Valentini Prajnan Das Claus R?del Li-Jen Kuo Felipe A Calvo Julio García-Aguilar Rob Glynne-Jones Karin Haustermans Mohammed Mohiuddin Salvatore Pucciarelli William Small Javier Suárez George Theodoropoulos Sebastian | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Convergence across biomes to a common rain-use efficiency显示文摘 | Huxman TE Smith MD Fay PA Knapp AK Shaw MR Loik ME Smith SD Tissue DT Zak JC Weltzin JF Pockman WT Sala OE Haddad BM Harte J Koch GW Schwinning S Small EE Williams DG | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Survival Outcomes in Resected Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Effect of Adjuvant Radiotherapy in a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Analysis显示文摘 | Tamara Z. Vern-Gross Anand T. Shivnani Ke Chen Christopher M. Lee Jonathan D. Tward O. Kenneth MacDonald Christopher H. Crane Mark S. Talamonti Louis L. Munoz William Small | 2011 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2011，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | ACR Appropriateness Criteria ? : Local Excision in Early-Stage Rectal Cancer显示文摘 | William Blackstock Suzanne M. Russo W. Warren Suh Bard C. Cosman Joseph Herman Mohammed Mohiuddin Matthew M. Poggi William F. Regine Leonard Saltz William Small Jennifer Zook Andre A. Konski | 2010 | Current Problems in Cancer2010，，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Evaluation of Outcomes in Patients With Carcinoma of the Cervix Treated With Concurrent Radiation and Cisplatin Versus Cisplatin/5-FU Compared With Radiation Alone显示文摘 | Eric D. Donnelly Tamer Refaat Michelle Gentile Alex Herskovic John Boyle Irene Helenowski Alfred Rademaker John Lurain Julian Schink Diljeet Singh Jonathan B. Strauss William Small | 2015 | American Journal of Clinical Oncology2015，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Adverse reactions to intravenous iodinated contrast media: a primer for radiologists显示文摘 | Saravanan Namasivayam Mannudeep K Kalra William E Torres William C Small | 2006 | Emergency radiology2006，5，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Percutaneous Mitral Repair With the MitraClip System显示文摘 | Ted Feldman Saibal Kar Michael Rinaldi Peter Fail James Hermiller Richard Smalling Patrick L. Whitlow William Gray Reginald Low Howard C. Herrmann Scott Lim Elyse Foster Donald Glower | 2009 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2009，，8： | 1 |
| 11 | A Decision Support Framework for Science-Based, Multi- Stakeholder Deliberation : A Coral Reef Example 显示文摘 | Amanda P Rehr Mitchell J Small Patricia Bradley William Setal | 2012 | Environ- mental Management2012，，50： | 1 |
| 12 | Assessing the response of terrestrial ecosystems to potential changes in precipitation 显示文摘 | Weltzin JF Loik ME Schwinning S Williams DG Fay PA Haddad BM Harte J Huxman TE Knapp AK Liu GG Pockman WT Shaw MR Small EE Smith MD Smith SD Tissue DT Zak J | 2003 | BioScience2003，53，： | 1 |
| 13 | Extended-Field Irradiation and Intracavitary Brachytherapy Combined With Cisplatin and Amifostine for Cervical Cancer With Positive Para-Aortic or High Common Iliac Lymph Nodes: Results of Arm II of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0116显示文摘 | William Small Kathryn Winter Charles Levenback Revathy Iyer Sharon R. Hymes Anuja Jhingran David Gaffney Beth Erickson Kathy Greven | 2011 | International Journal of Gynecological Cancer2011，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Transfer function analy- sis of dynamic cerebral autoregulation in preeclampsia显示文摘 | Williams KP Galerneau F Small M | 2015 | Pregnancy Hypertens2015，5，4： | 1 |
| 15 | ACR Appropriateness Criteria? on Advanced Cervical Cancer Expert Panel on Radiation Oncology—Gynecology显示文摘 | David K. Gaffney Beth A. Erickson-Wittmann Anuja Jhingran Nina A. Mayr Ajmel A. Puthawala David Moore Gautam G. Rao William Small Mahesh A. Varia Aaron H. Wolfson Catheryn M. Yashar William Yuh Higinia Rosa Cardenes | 2011 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics2011，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Effects of experimental rainfall manipulations on Chihuahuan Desert grassland and shrubland plant communities显示文摘 | Selene Báez Scott L. Collins William T. Pockman Jennifer E. Johnson Eric E. Small | 2013 | Oecologia2013，，4： | 1 |
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