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| 1 | AHA/ASA关于卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作患者卒中预防推荐的更新显示文摘在卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)患者卒中预防推荐发表以后,美国心脏协会和美国卒中协会(American Heart Association/American Stroke Association,AHA/ASA)著述委员会对最近的一些试验结果进行了回顾。本文的目的是对这些新资料做简要回顾、更新某些推荐意见并说明进行这些修改的理由。在2个领域已发表了一些新的重要临床试验结果:(1)在非心源性栓塞所致缺血性卒中或TIA患者卒中二级预防中具体抗血小板药的应用;(2)他汀类药物在预防卒中复发中的应用。 | Robert J. Adams Greg Albers Mark J. Alberts Oscar Benavente Karen Furie Larry B. Goldstein Philip Gorelick Jonathan Halperin Robert Harbaugh S. Claiborne Johnston Irene Katzan Margaret Kelly-Hayes Edgar J. Kenton Michael Marks Ralph L. Sacco Lee H. Schwamm 赵洪芹 李海峰 (译) | 2008 | 国际脑血管病杂志2008，16，4： | 123 |
| 2 | 短暂性脑缺血发作的定义和评价:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会、心血管外科和麻醉委员会、心血管放射学和介入委员会、心血管护理委员会和外周血管病跨学科委员会对医疗卫生专业人员发布的科学声明:美国神经病学学会确认该声明作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值显示文摘本科学声明面向为短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attacks,TIA)患者提供医疗诊治的临床医生和相关医疗卫生人员。采用正规的证据复习方法对1990-2007年7月期间Medline数据库进行系统的文献检索,并运用证据表、汇总分析和病例资料的合并分析,对数据进行综合处理。本文支持以下基于组织学的TIA定义:局灶性脑、脊髓或视网膜缺血引起的短暂性神经功能障碍发作,且无急性脑梗死。TIA患者的近期卒中风险较高,可根据临床量表、血管影像学和磁共振弥散加权成像进行风险分层。诊断推荐包括:TIA患者应在发病24h内接受神经影像学评价,最好是应用包括弥散序列在内的MRI;应进行无创性颈部血管成像检查,最好是无创性颅内血管成像;对于未能确定血管病因的患者,TIA发病后应尽快进行心电图检查,也应考虑持续心电监测和超声心动图检查;应进行常规血液化验;对于发病72h内就诊并且ABCD^2评分≥3分(提示近期复发风险较高)或在门诊不能迅速完成诊断评价的TIA患者,应收入院治疗。 | J. Donald Easton Jeffrey L. Saver Gregory W. Albers Mark J. Alberts Seemant Chaturvedi Edward Feldmann Thomas S. Hatsukami Randall T. Higashida S. Claibome Johnston Chelsea S. Kidwell Helmi L. Lutsep Elaine Miller Ralph L. Sacco 李海峰 高翔(译) | 2009 | 国际脑血管病杂志2009，，9： | 86 |
| 3 | 卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作患者的卒中预防指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南显示文摘本指南旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活患者的卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐,包括危险因素的控制、动脉粥样硬化性疾病的于预、心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性栓塞性卒中的抗血小板治疗。另外,还对其他许多特殊情况下的复发性卒中预防提供了推荐意见,包括动脉夹层分离、卯圆孔未闭、高同型半胱氨酸血症、高凝状态、镰状细胞病、脑静脉窦血栓形成、女性卒中(尤其是与妊娠和绝经后雌激素替代治疗相关性卒中)、脑出血后抗凝药的使用等,以及实施本指南及其在高危人群中应用的特定方法。 | Karen L. Furie Scott E. Kasner Robert J. Adams Gregory W. Albers Ruth L. Bush Susan C. Fagan Jonathan L. Halperin S. Claiborne Johnston Irene Katzan Walter N. Kernan Pamela H. Mitchell Bruce Ovbiagele Yuko Y. Palesch Ralph L. Sacco Lee H. Schwamm Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller Tanya N. Turan Deidre Wentworth 李海峰(译) 刘涛(译) 杨潘(译) 王鹏(译) | 2011 | 国际脑血管病杂志2011，19，1： | 391 |
| 4 | 自发性脑出血管理指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的指南显示文摘目的本指南旨在为自发性脑出血的诊断和治疗提供最新的全面推荐意见。方法利用PubMed进行规范化文献检索,检索时间至2013年8月底。撰写委员会成员通过远程电信会议讨论指南内容及推荐意见,采用美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的疗效确定性水平和证据分级方案对推荐意见进行分级。由6位同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发表前审阅。结果本文为急性脑出血患者的医疗诊治提供了循证指南,重点包括诊断、凝血功能障碍和血压管理、继发性脑损伤防治、颅内压控制、外科治疗的作用、转归预测、康复、二级预防以及将来需要考虑的问题。本指南已纳入最新的3期临床试验结果。结论脑出血是一种需要进行早期积极救治的危重疾病。本指南为脑出血患者的目标导向治疗提供了一个框架。 | J. Claude Hemphill Ⅲ Steven M. Greenberg Craig S. Anderson Kyra Beckelr Bernard R. Bendok Mary Cushman Gordon L. Fung Joshua N. Goldstein R. LochMacdonald Pamela H Mitchell, Phillip A Scott,Magdy H Selim, Daniel Woo 高圆圆 徐欣 | 2015 | 国际脑血管病杂志2015，23，10： | 444 |
| 5 | 儿童功能性胃肠病罗马Ⅳ标准显示文摘罗马标准是目前关于功能性胃肠病( FGID)分类最全面且不断更新的标准。罗马Ⅰ、Ⅱ标准分别于1994年、1999年发布。罗马Ⅱ标准开始单列儿童FGID分类。2006年,根据年龄不同,婴幼儿(0-36个月)和儿童(〉36个月) FGID的罗马Ⅲ诊断标准发布,但相关的流行病学、病理生理学、诊断检查、治疗策略以及预后等资料都很少。 | Marc A. Benninga Samuel Nurko Christophe Faure Paul E. Hyman Ian St. James Roberts Neil L. Schechter Jeffrey S. Hyams Carlo Di Lorenzo Miguel Saps Robert J. Shulman Annamaria Staiano Miranda van Tilburg | 2017 | 中华儿科杂志2017，55，1： | 108 |
| 6 | 新媒体联盟地平线报告:2016高等教育版显示文摘《新媒体联盟地平线报告:2016N等教育版》由美国新媒体联盟授权北京开放大学进行中文版翻译和官方发布。这是北京开放大学连续第5年对地平线系列报告进行翻译。同往年一样,本报告利用德尔菲法,根据5大洲16个国家的58位教育和技术专家的投票结果,预测了2016-2020这五年期间加速高等教育技术采用的关键趋势、阻碍高等教育技术采用的重要挑战以及高等教育中教育技术在教与学及研究中应用的重要进展。本年度地平线报告中文版将全文作为开放教育资源上传到新媒体联盟的官方网站,也会通过报纸、微信公众号等渠道进行传播。 | L.约翰逊 S.亚当斯.贝克尔 M.卡明斯 V.埃斯特拉达 A.弗里曼 C.霍尔 殷丙山 高茜 赵广元 李院春 李志强 冯振振 | 2016 | 开放学习研究2016，21，2： | 68 |
| 7 | 瑞舒伐他汀对存在亚临床动脉粥样硬化的低危人群颈动脉内膜中层厚度进展的影响——METEOR试验显示文摘背景:动脉粥样硬化往往在机体出现症状之前就已有所进展。目前,我们尚不清楚Framingham风险评分(Framinghaln risk score,FRS)较低的轻中度亚临床动脉粥样硬化中年人群是否能从治疗中获益。
目的:评价为期2年的他汀类药物治疗能否减缓颈动脉内膜中层厚度(carotid intimamedia thickness,CIMT)继续增厚或使粥样斑块消退。
设计、地点及参试者:“瑞舒伐他汀对内膜中层厚度影响的测评研究(Measuring Effects on Intima-Media Thickness:an Evaluation of Rosuvastatin,METEOR)”是2002年8月至2006年5月在美国及欧洲61个基层医疗中心开展的一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究,共纳入984名参试者,有的参试者仅以年龄(平均年龄,57岁)为冠心病的危险因素,有的参试者10年内FRS低于10%、CIMT重庞增厚(1.2~3.5mm)、LDL胆固醇水平有所升高(平均值,154mg/dL)。
干预:参试者服用40mg瑞舒伐他汀或安慰剂。
主要观测指标:12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化率(经B超检测);颈总动脉位点、颈动脉窦位点及颈内动脉位点最大CIMT的变化,颈总动脉位点平均CIMT的变化。仅在瑞舒伐他汀组中评估CIMT的消退情况。
结果:瑞舒伐他汀组参试者LDL胆固醇平均(SD)水平由基线时的155(24.1)mg/dL降至78(27.5)mg/dL,平均降低49%(与安慰剂组相比P〈0.001)。瑞舒伐他汀组12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0014(95%CI,-0.0041~0.0014)mm/y,安慰剂组12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为Q0131(95%CI,Q0087~Q0174)mm/y(P〈0.001)。瑞舒伐他汀组颈总动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0038(95%CI,-0.0064~-0.0013)mm/y(P〈0.001),颈动脉窦位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0040(95%CI,-0.0090~0.0010)mm/y(P〈0.001),颈内动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为0.0039(95%CI,-0.0009~0.0088)mm/y(P=0.02)。瑞舒伐他汀组颈总动脉位点平均CIMT的变化值为0.0004(95%CI,-0.0011~0.0019)mm/y(P〈0.001)。P值均为与安慰剂组相比。总的来说,瑞舒伐他汀具有良好的耐受性,很少引发严重的心血管不良事件(在2年内有6名参试者[0.86%]出现8起不良事件[1.1%])。
结论:对于FRS低于10%的亚临床动脉粥样硬化中年人群而言,瑞舒伐他汀能够在2年内显著降低最大CIMT的进展速率,与安慰剂相比差异具有统计学显著性。但是,瑞舒伐他汀无法诱导病变消退。今后,我们仍需开展大型远期试验来明确上述研究结果的临床意义. | John R. Crouse Ⅲ Joel S. Raichlen Ward A. Riley Gregory W. Evans Mike K. Palmer Daniel H. O' Leary Diederick E. Grobbee Michiel L. Bots 李军(译) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，4： | 44 |
| 8 | 国际教育信息化2013地平线报告(高等教育版)显示文摘国际新媒体联盟(New Media Consortium,简称NMC)所发布的年度地平线报告已经成为全球范围内教育信息化发展的显示器与风向标。2012年10月,北京开放大学与美国新媒体联盟签署协议,授权北京开放大学作为其在中国发行其年度报告中文版的唯一官方机构。本期学报正式刊出的2013年度地平线报告显示,未来五年内影响高等教育的六大技术为:大规模开放网络课程、平板电脑、游戏和游戏化、学习分析技术、3D打印技术、可穿戴技术。这些新技术对于我们生活中的沟通交流、获取信息、社会交往、日常学习等方面正在产生重大而深远的影响。希望本报告能够有助于国内同行及时了解国际范围内教育信息化的发展趋势、新技术应用,为促进信息技术更有效地提高教学质量服务提供有益借鉴。新媒体联盟总裁莱瑞博士(Larry Johnson)专门写信祝贺2013年度地平线报告(中文版)刊出:'北京开放大学与新媒体联盟的合作已使成千上万的中国教育界同行有机会围绕教育技术及其在大学和中小学课堂应用问题参与全球对话。北京开放大学以其在教育技术、在线学习的实践探索及开展的国际合作等方面取得的业绩成为国际地平线项目有价值的合作者。你们为地平线专题研究做出了贡献,还承担了地平线报告(中文版)的翻译出版。借助你们的帮助,许多国外同行开始了解信息技术如何在中国这一人口大国的大学和中小学得到应用;同时,也使中国教育界了解世界各国同行正在开展的信息化实践探索。' | Johnson L. AdamsBecker S. Cummins M. Estrada V. Freeman A. Ludgate H. 张铁道 殷丙山 殷蕾 白晓晶 | 2013 | 北京广播电视大学学报2013，，2： | 50 |
| 9 | 新媒体联盟地平线报告(2015图书馆版)显示文摘《新媒体联盟地平线报告(2015图书馆版)》列出了将在未来五年内影响图书馆技术规划和决策制定的六项技术:创客空间、在线学习、信息可视化、语义网与键连资料、智能定位和机器学习。同时该报告也强调,提升研究内容的可访问性、反思图书馆空间、探究学术记录的发展本质、提升对研究数据管理的关注度、提升用户体验的价值、移动内容的优先与传播,这都将有助于加速高校图书馆对于信息化技术的应用。此外,报告还呈现了六个挑战,包括将高校图书馆嵌入到课程体系中、提升数字素养、来自其他服务途径的竞争、反思图书馆员的角色和技能、直面彻底变革的需求和管理陈旧知识。 | L.约翰逊 S.亚当斯贝克尔 V.埃斯特拉达 A.弗里曼 张铁道 吴亚婕 高茜 奥斯汀 德克萨斯 | 2015 | 北京广播电视大学学报2015，0，5： | 42 |
| 10 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 11 | Formation history and protolith characteristics of granulite facies metamorphic rock in Central Cathaysia deduced from U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic studies of single zircon grains显示文摘The petrochemical as well as zircon U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic studies of granulite facies metamorphic rock from the Taoxi Group in eastern Nanling Range, Central Cathaysia indicate that its protolith is the sedimentary rock with low maturation index. The clastic materials are mostly from middle Neoproterozoic (~736 Ma) granitoid rocks with minor Neoarchaean and Paleoproterozoic rocks. The timing of this Neoproterozoic magmatism is in agreement with the second period of magmatism widespread surrounding the Yangtze Block. Hf isotopic data indicate that the Neoproterozoic granitoids resulted from the recycled Paleoproterozoic mantle-derived crustal materials. The sedimentary rock was deposited in Late Neoproterozoic Era, and carried into low crust in Early Paleozoic. The partial melting of the meta-sedimentary rock took place at about 480 Ma and subsequently granulite facies metamorphism occurred at ca. 443 Ma. The zircons forming during this time interval (Early Paleozoic) show large Hf isotope variations, and their -Hf(t) values increase from -13.2 to +2.36 with decreasing age, suggesting the injection of mantle-derived materials during partial melting and metamorphism processes in the Early Paleozoic. Calculation results show that this metamorphic rock, if evolved to Mesozoic, has similar isotopic composition to the nearby Mesozoic high Si peraluminous granites, implying that this kind of granulite facies metamorphic rock is probably the source material of some Mesozoic peraluminous granitoids in eastern Nanling Range. | YU Jinhai ZHOU Xinmin Y. S. O'Reilly ZHAO Lei W. L. Griffin WANG Rucheng WANG Lijuan CHEN Xiaomin | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，18： | 35 |
| 12 | 阿斯匹林在男性和女性心血管事件一级预防中的应用——随机对照试验性别特异性汇总分析显示文摘背景:阿斯匹林可降低高危成人发生心血管疾病的危险。但是,女性人群是否与男性人群一样获益,仍不清楚。
目的:确定阿斯匹林在不同性别人群心血管疾病一级预防中的获益与危险。数据来源和研究选择:数据源于MEDLINE和Cochrane中心的对照试验数据库(1966年至2005年3月)、检出文章的参考文献以及重要科学会议的报告。入选合格的研究为:在无心血管疾病参试者中进行的前瞻性阿斯匹林治疗随机对照试验,研究报告了心肌梗死、卒中和心血管病死亡数据。共检出6项试验95456名个体。其中3项试验仅包括男性,1项试验仅包括女性,另外2项试验包括两种性别。
数据提取:审查、确定随机研究的患者数量、平均随访时间和终点事件(复合心血管事件[非致死性心肌梗死、非致死性卒中和心血管死亡]以及具体每种心血管事件和大出血事件的发生)。
数据综合:在51342例女性中,有1285例发生主要心血管事件:卒中625例,心肌梗死469例,心血管死亡364例。阿斯匹林显著减少心血管事件12%(优势比[oddsratio,OR],0.86;95%可信区间[CI],0.79-0.99;P=0.03),显著减少卒中事件17%(OR,0.83;95%CI,0.70-0.97;P=0.02),后者反映的是缺血性卒中的降低(OR,0.76;95%、CI,0.63-0.93;P=0.08);对心肌梗死和心血管死亡无显著影响。在44114例男性试验对象中,有2047例发生主要心血管事件:卒中597例,心肌梗死1023例,心血管死亡776例。阿斯匹林显著减少心血管事件14%(OR,0.86;95%CI,0.78-0.94;P=0.01),减少心肌梗死32%(OR,0.68;95%CI,0.54-0.86;P=0.001);对卒中和心血管疾病所致死亡无显著影响。阿斯匹林治疗增加了女性(OR,1.68;95%CI,1.13-2.52;P=0.01)和男性(OR,1.72;95%CI,1.35—2.20;P〈0.001)的出血危险。
结论:对于女性和男性,由于阿斯匹林减少了女性缺血性卒中以及男性心肌梗死事件的发生,故降低了他们发生复合心血管事件的危险。阿斯匹林显著增加出血危险,女性与男性出血危险相似。 | Jeffrey S. Berger Maria C. Roncaglioni Fausto Avanzini Ierta Pangrazzi Gianni Tognoni David L. Brown 崔艳丽(译) 赵秀丽(校) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 40 |
| 13 | 减少急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中患者求医的延误——美国心脏协会心血管护理委员会和卒中委员会的科学声明显示文摘在寻求急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中症状的治疗方面,患者延误是限制提供这些疾病的确定性治疗的主要因素。尽管数十年来的研究和公众教育活动一直旨在缩短患者延误时间,但大多数患者仍然不能及时求医。在本科学声明中,我们总结了以下证据:(1)证明早期治疗的益处;(2)描述患者延误问题的程度;(3)确定与患者延误及时求医有关的因素;(4)揭示当前减少患者延误措施的不足。最后,提出临床实践和今后研究的建议。 | Debra K. Moser Laura P. Kimble Mark J. Alberts Angelo Alonzo Janet B. Croft Kathleen Dracup Kelly R. Evenson Alan S. Go Mary M. Hand Rashmi U. Kothari George A. Mensah Dexter L. Morris Arthur M. Pancioli Barbara Riegel Julie Johnson Zerwic 李宏建 曲东锋 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006，14，10： | 39 |
| 14 | Selective blockade of NF-kappa B by novel mutated I kappa B alpha suppresses CD3/CD28-induced activation of memory CD4(+) T cells in asthma显示文摘Background:Nuclear factor kappa B(NF-kappa B) overactivation plays a crucial role in T-helper 2 (Th2)-biased allergic airway inflammation by increased activation and decreased apoptosis of CD4(+) T cells. We have shown that targeted NF-kappa B suppression in dendritic cells by adenoviral gene transfer of a novel mutated inhibitor of NF-kappa B(I kappa B alpha) (AdI kappa B alpha M) contributes to T-cell tolerance, but the immunosuppressive action of AdI kappa B alpha M on memory(CD45RO(+)) CD4(+) T cells remains enigmatic. Methods:CD45RO(+) T cells from Dermatophagoides farinaei-sensitized asthmatic patients, untransfected or transfected with AdI kappa B alpha M or AdLacZ(beta-galactosidase) for 24 h, were stimulated with anti-CD3(1.0 mu g/ml) plus anti-CD28(0.5 mu g/ml) monoclonal antibody for an additional 24 h. I kappa B alpha M transgene expression and NF-kappa B activation were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR), reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR), Western blot analysis, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Phenotype and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry, annexin V binding, and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling analyses. Cytokine production and cell proliferation were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay andH-3 thymidine incorporation. Results:A unique 801-bp I kappa B alpha M cDNA and a dose-dependent increase in I kappa B alpha M transgene expression were observed in AdI kappa B alpha M-transfected CD45RO(+) T cells. Significantly, AdI kappa B alpha M inhibited CD3/CD28-mediated NF-kappa B activation in CD45RO(+) T cells, leading to evident apoptosis, reduction of eotaxin, RANTES, Th1 interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-2, and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 despite a slight decrease in IL-10) cytokines and secondary proliferative response. AdI kappa B alpha M also upregulated cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4(CTLA-4) and downregulated CD69 besides no change in CD28. Conclusion:I kappa B alpha M might be beneficial to augment memory CD4(+) T-cell tolerance through modulating B7-CD28/CTLA-4 co-stimulatory pathways and NF-kappa B-dependent cytokine profiles in allergic inflammatory diseases including asthma. | Zhou,L. F. Zhang,M. S. Hu,A. H. Zhu Z. Yin,K. S. | 2008 | 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)2008，28，6： | 40 |
| 15 | Variability in rainfall threshold for debris flow after the Chi-Chi earthquake in central Taiwan,China显示文摘The purpose of this study is to analyze variability in rainfall threshold for debris flow(critical rainfall for debris flow triggering) after the ML 7.3 Chi-Chi earthquake in central Taiwan in 1999. Two study sites with different geological conditions were surveyed in the earthquake area. Streambed surveys were conducted to continuously monitor debris flows between 1999 and 2006. During the 7-year study period,every debris flow event was identified,and the streambed characterized. Results show that the rainfall threshold for debris flow was remarkably lower just after the Chi-Chi Earthquake,but gradually recovered. To date,this rainfall threshold is still lower than the original level prior to the earthquake. This variability in rainfall threshold is closely related to the amount of sediment material in the initiation area of debris flow,which increased rapidly due to landslides resulting from the earthquake. With the increase in sediment material,the rainfall threshold was lowered severely during the first year following the Chi-Chi earthquake. However,heavy rainfalls mobilized the sediment material,causing debris flows and transporting sediment downstream. With the decrease in sediment material,the rainfall threshold recovered gradually over time. Furthermore,debris flows occurred only in the subbasins that had sufficient sediment material to cause significant movement. Hence,these results confirm that the sediment material in the initiation area of debris flow is a crucial component of the rainfall threshold for debris flow. | C. L. SHIEH Y. S. CHEN Y. J. TSAI J. H. WU | 2009 | International Journal of Sediment Research2009，24，2： | 35 |
| 16 | Intracellular tat of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activates lytic cycle replication of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Role of JAK/STAT signaling显示文摘 | Zeng, Y. Zhang, X. H. Huang, Z. Cheng, L. Yao, S. H. Qin, D. Chen, X. Y. Tang, Q. Lv, Z. G. Zhang, L. Lu, C. | 2007 | 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)2007，27，5： | 31 |
| 17 | 肾脏病变:对比扩散加权成像与对比增强MRI的病变特征显示文摘目的以MRI随访检查和组织病理学分析结果作为参照标准,比较扩散加权MRI与对比增强MRI对肾脏病变的诊断效能,并评价两者结合的诊断效能。方法机构审查委员会批准本项研究,不需病人知情同意,因其为符合HIPAA标准的回顾性研究。应用对比增强MRI和不同b值下屏气DWI评价64例病人(男46例,女18例,平均年龄60.7岁)的109个肾脏病灶。采用对比增强MRI判断标准评估肾脏病变特征,测量表观扩散系数(ADC)值。 | B. Taouli R.K. Thakur L. Mannelli J.S. Babb S. Kim E.M. Hecht 龙淼淼(译) 季倩(校) | 2009 | 国际医学放射学杂志2009，32，4： | 32 |
| 18 | Evaluation of the suitability of a partially defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae meal as ingredient for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) diets显示文摘Background: Two trials were performed to evaluate a partially defatted Hermetia illucens(HI) larvae meal as potential feed ingredient in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) diets. In the first trial, 360 trout(178.9 ± 9.8 g of mean initial body weight) were randomly divided into three experimental groups(4 tanks/treatment, 30 fish/tank). The fish were fed for 78 days with isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic diets containing increasing levels of HI, on as fed basis: 0%(HI0, control diet), 25%(HI25) and 50%(HI50) of fish meal substitution, corresponding to dietary inclusion levels of 0, 20% and 40%. In the second trial, 36 trout(4 tanks/treatment, 3 fish/tank) were used to evaluate the in vivo apparent digestibility coefficients(ADC) of the same diets used in the first trial.Results: Survival, growth performance, condition factor, somatic indexes, and dorsal fillet physical quality parameters were not affected by diet. The highest dietary inclusion of HI larvae meal increased dry matter and ether extract contents of trout dorsal fillet. The use of HI larvae meal induced a decrease of valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) even if differences were only reported at the highest level of HI inclusion. The insect meal worsened the lipids health indexes of the same muscle. Dietary inclusion of insect meal did not alter the villus height of the fish. No differences were found among treatments in relation to ADC of ether extract and gross energy, while ADC of dry matter and crude protein were higher in HI25 if compared to HI50.Conclusions: The obtained results showed that a partially defatted HI larvae meal can be used as feed ingredient in trout diets up to 40% of inclusion level without impacting survival, growth performance, condition factor, somatic indexes, dorsal fillet physical quality parameters, and intestinal morphology of the fish. However, further investigations on specific feeding strategies and diet formulations are needed to limit the observed negative effects of the insect meal on the FA composition of dorsal muscle. | M. Renna A. Schiavone F. Gai S. Dabbou C. Lussiana V. Malfatto M. Prearo M. T. Capucchio I. Biasato E. Biasibetti M. De Marco A. Brugiapaglia I. Zoccarato L. Gasco | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，4： | 32 |
| 19 | NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF ROUND TO OVAL ROLLING PROCESS显示文摘Three dimensional thermal-mechanical coupled elasto-plastic FEM has been used for simulation of round to oval single pass rolling. The analysis was conducted using MARC/AUTOFORCE1. 2 code. The material is assumed to be elasto-plastic and it obey the Von Mises yield criterion and Prandtl- Reuss rule. Deformation of the workpiece is simulated in a step-by-step manner,updating the coordinates of material points and the property after each step, so that both nonsteady-state and stendy-state deformation can be simulated. The heat transfter between the workpiece, the rolls, and enviroment and the heat generation due to plastic work and friction force, are considered in the analys- is.Predicted the deformation shape of the workpiece, distributions of strains, stresses, strain rates and temperatures, roll-separating force and roll torque are presented. | Y. W. Wang, Y. L. King, D. H. Yuan, S. G. Liu and Z. Y. Yu 1 ) University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2) Daye Special Steel Co., Huangshi 435001, China | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 27 |
| 20 | PHYSICAL MODELING FOR THE MECHANISMS OF BEAD FORMATION DEFECTS BASED ON THE STABILITY OF LIQUID METAL显示文摘Based on the theory of stability of the liquid metal under the action of surface tension,a physical mod- el is established for the mechanisms of the bead formation deferct’ humping’, which is generated during high - speed welding.A boundary function is introduced to correct the model,theoretical results got by the model correspond well with the experimental phenomena. A two - dimensional conducting model is adoopted in the simulation of the temperature field during high - speed welding.Finally, the factors acting upon the stability of liquid metal are analyzed. | S. Y. Yin L. Feng J. Z. Ding and S. J. Chan( 1) Beijing Polytechnic University, Beijing 100022, China 2) National Key Laboratory of Advanced Wdlding Production Technology, HIT, Harbin 150001, China) | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，1： | 28 |
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