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1Pore Size Distribution of a Tight Sandstone Reservoir and its Effect on Micro Pore-throat Structure: A Case Study of the Chang 7 Member of the Xin’anbian Block, Ordos Basin, China显示文摘Pore distribution and micro pore-throat structure characteristics are significant for tight oil reservoir evaluation, but their relationship remains unclear. This paper selects the tight sandstone reservoir of the Chang 7 member of the Xin’anbian Block in the Ordos Basin as the research object and analyzes the pore size distribution and micro pore-throat structure using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI), highpressure mercury injection, and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) analyses. The study finds that:(1) Based on the pore size distribution, the tight sandstone reservoir is characterized by three main patterns with different peak amplitudes. The former peak corresponds to the nanopore scale, and the latter peak corresponds to the micropore scale. Then, the tight sandstone reservoir is categorized into three types: type 1 reservoir contains more nanopores with a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 82:18;type 2 reservoir has a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 47:53;and type 3 reservoir contains more micropores with a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 35:65.(2) Affected by the pore size distribution, the throat radius distributions of different reservoir types are notably offset. The type 1 reservoir throat radius distribution curve is weakly unimodal, with a relatively dispersed distribution and peak ranging from 0.01 μm to 0.025 μm. The type 2 reservoir’s throat radius distribution curve is single-peaked with a wide distribution range and peak from 0.1 μm to 0.25 μm. The type 3 reservoir’s throat radius distribution curve is single-peaked with a relatively narrow distribution and peak from 0.1 μm to 0.25 μm. With increasing micropore volume, pore-throat structure characteristics gradually improve.(3) The correlation between micropore permeability and porosity exceeds that of nanopores, indicating that the development of micropores notably influences the seepage capacity. In the type 1 reservoir, only the mean radius and effective porosity have suitable correlations with the nanopore and micropore porosities. The pore-throat structure parameters of the type 2 and 3 reservoirs have reasonable correlations with the nanopore and micropore porosities, indicating that the development of these types of reservoirs is affected by the pore size distribution. This study is of great significance for evaluating lacustrine tight sandstone reservoirs in China. The research results can provide guidance for evaluating tight sandstone reservoirs in other regions based on pore size distribution.LI Peng JIA Chengzao JIN Zhijun LIU Quanyou BI HeZHENG Min WU Songtao HUANG Zhenkai 2020Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2020,94,2:5
2Negative pressure closes the drainage technology application in enormous fresh lower limbs surface of a wound显示文摘LIU HEZHENG YU GUORONG ZHOU MEIJUN 2001Clinical surgery magazine2001,9,4:1
3Self-synthesized second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase(SMAC)mimetic TP-WY-1345 enhances the radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells H1299 by targeting anti-apoptotic protein cIAP1显示文摘Objective:To explore the toxicity and cellular uptake of the self-synthesized second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase(SMAC)mimetic TP-WY-1345 polypeptide and its radiosensitizing effect on non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:A fluorescence microscope was used to observe the uptake efficiency of TP-WY-1345 by human NSCLC cells H1299.Toxicity of the TP-WY-1345 peptide in normal cells was examined in human embryonic lung fibroblasts MRC5.CCK-8 and clone formation experiments were performed to detect the radiosensitizing effect of TP-WY-1345 in the H1299 cells.The AutoDock Vina simulation software was employed to predict the binding efficiency of TP-WY-1345 to the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins(IAPs).Moreover,Western blot and qPCR experiments were carried out to determine the protein and gene expressions,and the flow cytometry(FCM)technique was used to detect the apoptosis level under different conditions.Results:TP-WY-1345 can be self-synthesized,and significant green fluorescence was observed in H12992 h and 6 h after incubation with TP-WY-1345.The cell counting and CCK-8 results showed that 10μmol/L and 20μmol/L TP-WY-1345 did not produce a significant toxic effect on the MRC5 cells(P>0.05).Compared with the single ionizing radiation group,the cell viability and clone formation of H1299 cells were significantly inhibited after treatment with TP-WY-1345 at a concentration of 50μmol/L(P<0.05).The sensitivity enhancement ratio(SER)was calculated to be 1.14.Moreover,the binding efficiency of TP-WY-1345 to cIAP1 protein was predicted to be7.3,and this strong binding force was demonstrated by Western blot.TP-WY-1345 inhibited the protein and mRNA expressions of cIAP1 and further increased the apoptosis level of the H1299 cells at 24 h(P<0.01)and 48 h after radiation(P<0.05).Conclusion:SMAC mimetic TP-WY-1345 can enter the H1299 cells and produce a radiosensitizing effect by increasing the level of radiation-induced apoptosis of the cells.There,TP-WY-1345 is expected to become a new generation of radiosensitizing drugs.Hao Sun Fengting Liu Hezheng Zhai Jiang Wu Shasha Nie Hui Cai Kaixue Wen Li Feng Qiang Liu Kaihua Ji Yan Wang 2023Radiation Medicine and Protection2023,4,1:0
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