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| 1 | Simultaneous changes in seed size, oil content and protein content driven by selection of SM/EEIhomologues during soybean domestication显示文摘Soybean accounts for more than half of the global production of oilseed and more than a quarter of the protein used globally for human food and animal feed.Soybean domestication involved parallel increases in seed size and oil content,and a concomitant decrease in protein content.However,science has not yet discovered whether these effects were due to selective pressure on a single gene or multiple genes.Here,re-sequencing data from>800 genotypes revealed a strong selection during soybean domestication on GmSWEETlOa.The selection of GmSWEETlOa conferred simultaneous increases in soybean-seed size and oil content as well as a reduction in the protein content.The result was validated using both near-isogenic lines carrying substitution of haplotype chromosomal segments and transgenic soybeans.Moreover,GmSWEETlOb was found to be functionally redundant with its homologue GmSWEETlOa and to be undergoing selection in current breeding,leading the the elite allele GrnSWEETlOb,a potential target for present-day soybean breeding.Both GmSWEETlOa and GmSWEETlOb were shown to transport sucrose and hexose,contributing to sugar allocation from seed coat to embryo,which consequently determines oil and protein contents and seed size in soybean.We conclude that past selection of optimal GmSWEETlOa alleles drove the initial domestication of multiple soybean-seed traits and that targeted selection of the elite allele GmSWEETlOb may further improve the yield and seed quality of modern soybean cultivars. | Shoudong Wang Shulin Liu Jie Wang Kengo Yokosho Bin Zhou Ya-Chi Yu Zhi Liu Wolf BFrommer Jian Feng Ma Li-Qing Chen Yuefeng Guan Huixia Shou Zhixi Tian | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，11： | 17 |
| 2 | Constraining Anthropogenic CH_4 Emissions in Nanjing and the Yangtze River Delta,China,Using Atmospheric CO_2 and CH_4 Mixing Ratios显示文摘Methane(CH_4) emissions estimated with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) inventory method at the city and regional scale are subject to large uncertainties. In this study, we determined the CH_4:CO_2emissions ratio for both Nanjing and the Yangtze River Delta(YRD), using the atmospheric CH_4 and CO_2concentrations measured at a suburban site in Nanjing in the winter. The atmospheric estimate of the CH_4:CO_2emissions ratio was in reasonable agreement with that calculated using the IPCC method for the YRD(within 20%), but was 200% greater for the municipality of Nanjing. The most likely reason for the discrepancy is that emissions from unmanaged landfills are omitted from the official statistics on garbage production. | SHEN Shuanghe YANG Dong XIAO Wei LIU Shoudong Xuhui LEE | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，6： | 6 |
| 3 | Electropolishing of NiTi for Improving Biocompatibility显示文摘A modified electrolyte (CH_3COOH-HClO_4-A-B) for electropolishing (EP) of NiTi was presented for improving the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of the alloy.Using the proposed parameters,a homogeneous and uniform surface was obtained.Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the surface roughness (Ra) for EP sample (23.21 nm) was close to mechanical polishing (MP) sample (19.36 nm).Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that Ti/Ni ratio increased from 3.1 for MP sample to 27.6 for EP sample.Measurements using potentiodynamic polarization in Hanks' solution showed that no pitting occurred for EP sample even though the applied potential increased up to 1500 mV (vs SCE),while the MP sample was broken down at 650 mV.The present study indicates that electropolishing NiTi with this modified electrolyte contributes to the improved biocompatibility of NiTi. | Wei WU Xinjie LIU Huimin HAN Dazhi YANG Shoudong LU | 2008 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2008，24，6： | 4 |
| 4 | Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Thermal Stratification and Vertical Mixing in a Shallow Fresh Water Lake显示文摘Among several influential factors, the geographical position and depth of a lake determine its thermal structure. In temperate zones, shallow lakes show significant differences in thermal stratification compared to deep lakes. Here,the variation in thermal stratification in Lake Taihu, a shallow fresh water lake, is studied systematically. Lake Taihu is a warm polymictic lake whose thermal stratification varies in short cycles of one day to a few days. The thermal stratification in Lake Taihu has shallow depths in the upper region and a large amplitude in the temperature gradient,the maximum of which exceeds 5°C m–1. The water temperature in the entire layer changes in a relatively consistent manner. Therefore, compared to a deep lake at similar latitude, the thermal stratification in Lake Taihu exhibits small seasonal differences, but the wide variation in the short term becomes important. Shallow polymictic lakes share the characteristic of diurnal mixing. Prominent differences on the duration and frequency of long-lasting thermal stratification are found in these lakes, which may result from the differences of local climate, lake depth, and fetch. A prominent response of thermal stratification to weather conditions is found, being controlled by the stratifying effect of solar radiation and the mixing effect of wind disturbance. Other than the diurnal stratification and convection, the representative responses of thermal stratification to these two factors with contrary effects are also discussed. When solar radiation increases, stronger wind is required to prevent the lake from becoming stratified. A daily average wind speed greater than 6 m s–1 can maintain the mixed state in Lake Taihu. Moreover, wind-induced convection is detected during thermal stratification. Due to lack of solar radiation, convection occurs more easily in nighttime than in daytime. Convection occurs frequently in fall and winter, whereas long-lasting and stable stratification causes less convection in summer. | Yichen YANG Yongwei WANG Zhen ZHANG Wei WANG Xia REN Yaqi GAO Shoudong LIU Xuhui LEE | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Arabidopsis EXTRA-LARGE G PROTEIN 1(XLG1) functions together with XLG2 and XLG3 in PAMP-triggered MAPK activation and immunity显示文摘Pattern-triggered immunity(PTI) is an essential strategy used by plants to deploy broad-spectrum resistance against pathogen attacks. Heterotrimeric G proteins have been reported to contribute to PTI.Of the three non-canonical EXTRA-LARGE G PROTEINs(XLGs) in Arabidopsis thaliana, XLG2 and XLG3 were shown to positively regulate immunity,but XLG1 was not considered to function in defense,based on the analysis of a weak xlg1 allele.In this study, we characterized the xlg1 xlg2 xlg3 triple knockout mutants generated from an xlg1 knockout allele. The strong xlg1 xlg2 xlg3 triple mutants compromised pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs) and resistance to pathogen infection. The three XLGs interacted with MAPK cascade proteins involved in defense signaling, including the MAPK kinase kinases MAPKKK3 and MAPKKK5, the MAPK kinases MKK4 and MKK5, and the MAPKs MPK3 and MPK6. Expressing a constitutively active form of MKK4 restored MAPK activation and partially recovered the compromised disease resistance seen in the strong xlg1 xlg2 xlg3 triple mutant. Furthermore, mutations of all three XLGs largely restored the phenotype of the autoimmunity mutant bak1-interacting receptor-like kinase 1. Our study reveals that all three XLGs function redundantly in PAMP-triggered MAPK activation and plant immunity. | Yiping Wang Hailei Zhang Pengxi Wang Huan Zhong Wuzhen Liu Shoudong Zhang Liming Xiong Yingying Wu Yiji Xia | 2023 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2023，65，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Risk assessment to China's agricultural drought disaster in county unit 显示文摘 | Hao Lu Zhang Xiaoyu Liu Shoudong | 2012 | Natural Hazards2012，61，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Risk assessment to Chi- na's agricultural drought disaster in county unit 显示文摘 | Hao Lu Zhang Xiaoyu Liu Shoudong | 2012 | Natural Haz- ards2012，61，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Dual redox catalysis of VN/nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposites for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries显示文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are regarded as one of the promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage system owing to their high capacity and energy density.However,the durable operation for the batteries is blocked by the shuttle behavior of soluble lithium polysulfides and the sluggish kinetics in the redox process.Here,VN nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped graphene(VN/NG)composite is synthesized by simple calcining method to modify the separators,which can not only chemically trap polysulfides,but also catalyze the conversion reaction between the polysulfides and the insoluble Li2S during the charge/discharge process.The catalytic effects of VN/NG are verified by the calculated activation energy(E_(a)),which is smaller than the counterpart with NG toward both directions of redox.Because of the synergistic adsorption-catalysis of VN/NG,the cells with VN/NG-modified separators deliver a superior rate performance(791 mAh g^(-1) at 5C)and cycling stability(863 mAh g^(-1) after 300 cycles with a low decaying rate of 0.068%per loop at 1C).This work provides a simple preparation strategy and fundamental understanding of the bifunctional catalyst for high-performance Li-S batteries. | Erdong Jing Liang Chen Shoudong Xu Wenzhi Tian Ding Zhang Nana Wang Zhongchao Bai Xianxian Zhou Shibin Liu Donghong Duan Xiangyun Qiu | 2022 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2022，31，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Hydrologic implications of the isotopic kinetic fractionation of open-water evaporation显示文摘The kinetic fractionation of open-water evaporation against the stable water isotope H_2 ^(18)O is an important mechanism underlying many hydrologic studies that use ^(18)O as an isotopic tracer. A recent in-situ measurement of the isotopic water vapor flux over a lake indicates that the kinetic effect is much weaker(kinetic factor 6.2‰) than assumed previously(kinetic factor14.2‰) by lake isotopic budget studies. This study investigates the implications of the weak kinetic effect for studies of deuterium excess-humidity relationships, regional moisture recycling, and global evapotranspiration partitioning. The results indicate that the low kinetic factor is consistent with the deuterium excess-humidity relationships observed over open oceans.The moisture recycling rate in the Great Lakes region derived from the isotopic tracer method with the low kinetic factor is a much better agreement with those from atmospheric modeling studies than if the default kinetic factor of 14.2‰ is used. The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration at global scale decreases from 84±9%(with the default kinetic factor) to 76±19%(with the low kinetic factor), the latter of which is in slightly better agreement with other non-isotopic partitioning results. | Wei XIAO Yufei QIAN Xuhui LEE Wei WANG Mi ZHANG Xuefa WEN Shoudong LIU Yongbo HU Chengyu XIE Zhen ZHANG Xuesong ZHANG Xiaoyan ZHAO Fucun ZHANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Analysis of the Synoptic Situation Field on the Red Tide Occurred in Yangtze River Estuary Water Area显示文摘 | Peng Mo Liu Shoudong Liu Ming Pan Xishan | 2014 | International Journal of Technology Management2014，，11： | 0 |
| 11 | Facile Synthesis of S-Fused Multi-Membered Polycyclic Heterocycles:A Construction Strategy towards Thermally Stable Thiepine Derivatives显示文摘S-fused heterocycles have become popular building blocks to construct functional polycyclic compounds.In contrast to the abundant synthetic methodologies for thiophene-fused aromatics,the synthesis of S-heterocycles containing six-membered thiopyran and seven-membered thiepine rings is much less reported owing to their unfavorable synthetic protocols and the thermal instabilities.Herein,a series of thiepine-containing polycyclic S-heterocycles have been successfully synthesized via different synthetic routes which involve initial construction of sulfur bridges and final ring-closure reactions.Therefore,the dilithium intermediates are ex-cluded,which facilitates the fusion on the thiepine ring with different S-heterocycles,including thiophene and thiopyran derivatives.Typically,a S-fused multi-membered polycyclic compound simultaneously involving thiophen,thiopyran,and thiepine rings has been successfully prepared.Interestingly,nucleus-independent chemical shift calculations reveal that the incorporated thiopyran and thiepine rings demonstrate aromatic and nonaromatic characteristics,respectively.Moreover,the thermal stabilities of the thiepine derivatives have been tremendously improved after the fusion on the three vinyl groups in the thiepine unit,which is attributed to the enhancements of the activation energies for the S-extrusion reactions,as revealed by density functional theory calculations.Therefore,our findings not only provide a facile synthetic methodology for S-fused multi-membered polycyclic heterocycles,but also furnish a novel construction strategy towards thermally stable thiepine derivatives. | Binbin Ming Chuan Yan Shoudong Xie Si Liu Yingjian Ren Hao Zong Weinan Chen Gang Zhou | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2023，41，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Facile synthesis and functionalization of fluoranthenes via intramolecular[4+2]annulations between thiophenes and alkynes显示文摘Fluoranthenes have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties and extensive applications.Although several synthetic methodologies have been developed for the preparation of fluoranthene derivatives,it is still unfavorable to functionalize the fluoranthene framework at different positions due to the relatively low selectivity and reactivity.Herein,a catalyst-free intramolecular[4+2]annulation between thiophenes and alkynes is developed towards the synthesis of fluoranthenes.Altogether 20 examples have been demonstrated using this method.Various functional groups can be precisely introduced into the fluoranthene skeleton at different positions by simply tuning the substituents on the thiophenes and alkynes.The conjugation of the fluoranthene can be facilely extended through different directions.Furthermore,the feasibility of this[4+2]annulation reaction is also investigated by density functional theory calculations.Therefore,this protocol provides not only a synthetic methodology towards fluoranthenes with substituents functionalized at different positions,but also an effective pathway to construct large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing fluoranthene moieties. | Shoudong Xie Weinan Chen Si Liu Hao Zong Binbin Ming Gang Zhou | 2023 | Chinese Chemical Letters2023，34，6： | 0 |
| 13 | Blind Nonlinearity Equalization by Machine-Learning-Based Clustering for QAM-Based Quantum Noise Stream Cipher Transmission显示文摘In quantum noise stream cipher(QNSC)systems,it is difficult to compensate fiber nonlinearity by digital signal processing(DSP)due to interactions between chromatic dispersion(CD),amplified spontaneous emission(ASE)noise from erbiumdoped fiber amplifier(EDFA)and Kerr nonlinearity.Nonlinearity equalizer(NLE)based on machine learning(ML)algorithms have been extensively studied.However,most NLE based on supervised ML algorithms have high training overhead and computation complexity.In addition,the performance of these algorithms have a lot of randomness.This paper proposes two clustering algorithms based on Fuzzylogic C-Means Clustering(FLC)to compensate the fiber nonlinearity in quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM)-based QNSC system,including FLC based on subtractive clustering(SC)and annealing evolution(AE)algorithm.The performance of FLC-SC and FLC-AE are evaluated through simulation and experiment.The proposed algorithms can promptly obtain suitable initial centroids and choose optimal initial centroids of the clusters to achieve the global optimal initial centroids especially for high order modulation scheme.In the simulation,different parameter configurations are considered,including fiber length,optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR),clipping ratio and resolution of digital to analog converter(DAC).Further-more,we measure the Q-factor of transmission signal with different launched powers,DAC resolution and laser linewidth in the optical back-to-back(BTB)experiment with 80-km single mode fiber.Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed techniques can greatly mitigate the signal impairments. | Yajie Li Shoudong Liu Yongli Zhao Chao Lei Jie Zhang | 2022 | China Communications2022，19，8： | 0 |
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