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| 1 | Depositional architecture and developing settings of large-scale incised valley and sub-marine gravity flow systems in the Yinggehai and Qiong-dongnan basins,South China Sea显示文摘In the Ying-Qiong basins in the South China Sea developed a set of giant inner shelf slope and submarine gravity flow deposits in the Ying-Huang formations since the Late Miocene. These deposits can be classified into 9 sequences in which slope slump-debris flow, slope fan and particularly, the large-scale axial basin-floor incised valley fills have been recognized. They were distributed in a distinctive pattern attributed to tectonic control. The development ofshelf slopes and abyssal plains in the basins was related to the last episode of rapid subsidence and a large amount of sediment inputs. Large-scale basin-floor incised valleys, formed during the late Miocene and Pliocene, indicate several major sea level falls that occurred in the South China Sea. | LIN Changsong LIU Jingyan CAI Shixiang ZHANG Yanmei LU Ming LI Jie | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，8： | 18 |
| 2 | One-year clinical study of NeuroR egen scaffold implantation following scar resection in complete chronic spinal cord injury patients显示文摘The objective of this clinical study was to assess the safety and feasibility of the collagen scaffold, Neuro Regen scaffold, one year after scar tissue resection and implantation. Scar tissue is a physical and chemical barrier that prevents neural regeneration. However, identification of scar tissue is still a major challenge. In this study, the nerve electrophysiology method was used to distinguish scar tissue from normal neural tissue, and then different lengths of scars ranging from 0.5–4.5 cm were surgically resected in five complete chronic spinal cord injury(SCI) patients. The NeuroR egen scaffold along with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMCs), which have been proven to promote neural regeneration and SCI recovery in animal models, were transplanted into the gap in the spinal cord following scar tissue resection. No obvious adverse effects related to scar resection or Neuro Regen scaffold transplantation were observed immediately after surgery or at the 12-month follow-up. In addition, patients showed partially autonomic nervous function improvement, and the recovery of somatosensory evoked potentials(SSEP) from the lower limbs was also detected. The results indicate that scar resection and Neuro Regen scaffold transplantation could be a promising clinical approach to treating SCI. | Zhifeng Xiao Fengwu Tang Jiaguang Tang Huilin Yang Yannan Zhao Bing Chen Sufang Han Nuo Wang Xing Li Shixiang Cheng Guang Han Changyu Zhao Xiaoxiong Yang Yumei Chen Qin Shi Shuxun Hou Sai Zhang Jianwu Dai | 2016 | Science China(Life Sciences)2016，59，7： | 18 |
| 3 | Accumulation of unconventional petroleum resources and their coexistence characteristics in Chang7 shale formations of Ordos Basin in central China显示文摘The Ordos Basin is the largest oil and gas producing basin in China, where tight oil, shale gas, oil shale, and other unconventional oil and gas resources have been found in the Chang7 subsection of the Triassic Yanchang Formation. However, the mechanism of formation and the distribution of unconventional oil and gas resources in the shale layers have not been systematically investigated until now. According to the type of unconventional oil and gas resources, main controlling factors, and the maturity, depth and abundance of organic matters, the shale oil and gas resources from Chang7 region are divided into five zones that include an outcrop-shallow oil shale zone, a middle-matured and medium-burial shale oil zone, a medium-matured and medium-burial in situ conversion process (ICP) shale oil zone, a high-maturity and deep-burial shale gas zone, and an adjacent-interbedded tight sandstone oil zone. By the distribution of resources, orderly evolution of oil and gas resources and coexistences in lacustrine shale formations have been put forward, and also a strategy of integrated exploration and development of resources in the shale formations is proposed. Overall, the outcome of this study may guide on the effective utilization of unconventional oil and gas resources in other shale formations. | Jingwei CUI Rukai ZHU Zhiguo MAO Shixiang LI | 2019 | Frontiers of Earth Science2019，13，3： | 11 |
| 4 | Switchable dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser using multilayer black phosphorus as a saturable absorber显示文摘Black phosphorus(BP), with thickness-dependent direct energy bandgaps(0.3–2 eV), shows an enhanced nonlinear optical response at near-and mid-infrared wavelengths. In this paper, we present experimentally multilayer BP flakes coated on microfiber(BCM) as a saturable absorber with a modulation depth of 16% and a saturable intensity of 6.8 MW∕cm^2. After inserting BCM into an Er-doped fiber ring laser, a stable dual-wavelength Q-switched state with central wavelengths of 1542.4 nm and 1543.2 nm(with wavelength spacing as small as 0.8 nm) is obtained with the aid of two cascaded fiber Bragg gratings as a coarse wavelength selector.Moreover, single-wavelength Q-switched operation at 1542.4 nm or 1543.2 nm is also realized, which can be switched between the two wavelengths flexibly just by adjusting the intracavity birefringence. These results suggest that BP combined with the cascaded fiber gratings can provide a simple and feasible candidate for a multiwavelength fiber laser. Our fiber laser may have potential applications in terahertz generation, laser radar,and so on. | JUNMIN LIU Yu CHEN YING LI HAN ZHANG SHUIQIN ZHENG SHIXIANG Xu | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，3： | 8 |
| 5 | Temporal and spatial changes of agricultural water requirements in the Lancang River Basin显示文摘从 1950 年代基于八个气象学的车站的数据到 2007,当前的收割模式,领域水潮湿管理,我们使用 Mann-Kendall 和重新可伸缩的范围分析方法研究湿度的变化并且在 Lancang 河盆收割灌溉水要求。结果证明年度并且当湿季节降雨减少了时,显著地增加的旱季一般水准温度,和旱季降雨增加了。除了,在干燥、湿的季节期间增加的 Evaportranspiration (ET0 ) 根本驻扎达利, Jianchuan 和 Gengma,和干旱湿度索引车站至多减少了。天气因素, ET0,干旱湿度索引,稻灌溉要求和总数的转弯的点农业水要求从 1960 年代发生了到 1990 年代。随高度和纬度的增加增加的稻灌溉限额的空间变化趋势,和关联系数分别地是 0.513 和 0.610。最大的价值在 Weixi 被观察,当时在 Mengla 的最小。 | Gu Shixiang He Daming Cui Yuanlai Li Yuanhua | 2012 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2012，22，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Spatial variability of irrigation factors and their relationships with “corridor-barrier” functions in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region显示文摘在纵的范围峡区域( LRGR )和包围区域从 1971~2000 在 58 个气象学的车站基于每月气象学的数据,包括每年的 et 0 的六个因素,最大的每月的 et 0 (5月),最小的每月的 et 0 (12月),稻灌溉限额和全部的农业灌溉限额(到6月的从4月的每年、主要的灌溉时期)被选择用一条 geostatistical 途径检验他们的空间可变性。结果显示 Morans 的系数我,描述空间自相关的紧张,比在另外的方向在纵的方向是更大的;六个参数的空间可变性被结构的因素财务主要为 60.2%87.9% 引起;et 0 的最大的可变性(每年,在 5 月和 12 月) 出现在西北东南和东北西南方向。由于夏天季风从印度洋和太平洋的大气的环流,和大陆人在冬季,最小的分数维的尺寸和 et 0 的最大的空间可变性的温暖干燥的电流(每年,在 5 月和 12 月) 发生在西南东北和东南西北方向。稻和全部的农业灌溉要求的最高的可变性由于纵的河的走廊功能引起的蒸汽和精力散开发生在南方北方方向。最小的空间自相关在东方西方方向,它证明农业灌溉要求的六个参数被走廊障碍功能在 LRGR 和它的包围区域影响。 | GU ShiXiang HE DaMing CUI YuanLai XIE XianHong LI YuanHua | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，A02： | 6 |
| 7 | Sleep disorders and its related risk factors in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis显示文摘 | Li Han Li Xiaobei Feng Sujuan Zhang Guizhi Wang Wei Wang Shixiang | 2014 | Chinese Medical Journal2014，，7： | 5 |
| 8 | Oderly accumulation theory of shale system petroleum resource and its prospecting significance-A case study of Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin显示文摘1 Introduction Shale formations bear abundant mineral resource and*unconventional petroleum resource,and the unconventional petroleum resource that contain in the shale formation should be integrated and researched. | Cui Jingwei Zhu Rukai Li Shixiang Zhang Zhongyi | 2017 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2017，91，S1： | 5 |
| 9 | Autotoxicity of Phthalate Esters in Tobacco Root Exudates:Effects on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth显示文摘Autotoxicity is one of the major factors that impede continuous cropping.It is defined as the toxic influence of chemicals released from one plant species on the germination and growth of individuals of the same species.Here, in order to exam the autotoxicity of tobacco root exudates, root exudates were collected from tobacco plants grown both in cultural solution and on natural soil.Using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, main autotoxic chemical substances in the root exudates were identified.The autotoxic effects of suspected autotoxins on seed germination(including germination rate,germination potential, germination index, and vigor index) and seedling growth were analyzed.Dibutyl phthalate(or diisobutyl phthalate), dioctyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate were identified in tobacco root exudates.It was observed that high concentrations(greater than 0.5 mmol L^(-1)) of each identified phthalate ester caused significant(P < 0.05) inhibition of tobacco seed germination and seedling growth.It can be concluded that phthalate esters such as dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate in tobacco root exudates may play an important role in tobacco autotoxicity. | DENG Jiajun ZHANG Yanling HU Jiwei JIAO Jiaguo HU Feng LI Huixin ZHANG Shixiang | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，6： | 5 |
| 10 | Phytotoxicity of four herbicides on Ceratophyllum demersum,Vallisneria natans and Elodea nuttallii显示文摘The physiological effects of 4 herbicides(butachlor,quinclorac,bensulfuron-methyl and atrazine) on 3 submerged macrophytes(Ceratophyllum demersum,Vallisneria natans and Elodea nuttallii) were tested in laboratory.The variables of the relative growth rate and the photosynthetic pigment content showed that all of the tested herbicides affected the growth of the plants obviously,even at the lowest concentration(0.0001 mg/L).Except for the C.demersum treated with quinclorac at 0.005 and 0.01 mg/L,the relative growth rates of the plants were inhibited significantly(p < 0.01).Statistical analysis of chlorophyll a(Chl-a) contents was carried out with both the t-test and one-way ANOVA to determine the difference between the treatment and control.The results showed that Chl-a contents of the plants in all treatment groups were affected by herbicides significantly,except for the C.demersum treated with bensulfuron-methyl at 0.0005 mg/L.The decrease in Chla content was positively correlated to the dosage of the herbicides in most treatment groups.It was suggested that herbicides in water bodies might potentially affect the growth of aquatic macrophytes.Since the Chl-a content of submerged macrophytes responded to the stress of herbicides sensitively and directly,it could be used as a biomaker in environmental monitoring or in the ecological risk assessment of herbicide contamination. | PAN Huiyun,LI Xiaolu,XU Xiaohua,GAO Shixiang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China. | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，3： | 4 |
| 11 | La1-xCexMnO3/attapulgite nanocomposites as catalysts for NO reduction with NH3 at low temperature显示文摘 | Xiazhang Li YU Yin Chao Yao Shixiang Zuo Xiaowang Lu Shiping Luo Chaoying Ni | 2016 | Particuology2016，14，3： | 4 |
| 12 | Improved common-path spectral interferometer for single-shot terahertz detection显示文摘To seek high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) is critical but challenging for single-shot intense terahertz(THz)coherent detection. This paper presents an improved common-path spectral interferometer for single-shot THz detection with a single chirped pulse as the probe for THz electro-optic(EO) sampling. Here, the spectral interference occurs between the two orthogonal polarization components with a required relative time delay generated with only a birefringent plate after the EO sensor. Our experiments show that this interferometer can effectively suppress the noise usually suffered in a non-common-path interferometer. The measured single-shot SNR is up to 88.85, and the measured THz waveforms are independent of the orientation of the used Zn Te EO sensor, so it is easy to operate and the results are more reliable. These features mean that the interferometer is quite qualified for applications where strong THz pulses, usually with single-shot or low repetition rate, are indispensable. | SHUIQIN ZHENG QINGGANG LIN YI CAI XUANKE ZENG YING LI SHIXIANG XU JINGZHEN LI DIANYUAN FAN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，3： | 4 |
| 13 | Effects of bile salts and divalent cations on the adsorption of norfloxacin by agricultural soils显示文摘The effects of bile salts(sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate, 0–20 mmol/L), divalent cations(Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+and Zn2+, 0–20 mmol/L) or pH(3.0–10.0) on the adsorption of norfloxacin by three selected soils(Paddy H, Paddy G and Red J) were systematically studied. Soil adsorption of norfloxacin follows a pseudo second-order kinetics model, and the maximum adsorption capacity has been determined from the nonlinear fit of the Langmuir isotherm model to be 88.8, 88.1 and 63.0 μmol/g for the adsorption onto Paddy H, Paddy G and Red J, respectively. The results indicate that norfloxacin has a high adsorption affinity for the agricultural soils tested and that the organic content of these soils have at least a slight influence on this adsorption. The adsorption of norfloxacin to soils was strongly dependent on pH and exhibited a maximum at approximately pH 6. The presence of divalent cations prominently suppressed the adsorption of norfloxacin by paddy soils, which followed an order of Cu2+> Mg2+> Ca2+> Zn2+, and by red soil, which followed an order of Cu2+> Zn2+> Ca2+ > Mg2+. The adsorption of norfloxacin(by the soils studied) sharply decreased as the amount of bile salts was increased. For uncharged norfloxacin at environmentally relevant pH values, such factors as soil type, exogenous divalent cations and macromolecules significantly altered the environmental fate and transport of norfloxacin between aquatic and soil interfaces. | Xuesong Kong Shixiang Feng Xu Zhang Yan Li | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Generation and imaging of a tunable ultrafast intensity-rotating optical field with a cycle down to femtosecond region显示文摘A tunable ultrafast intensity-rotating optical field is generated by overlapping a pair of 20Hz,800 nm chirped pulses with a Michelson interferometer(MI).Its rotating rate can be up to 10 trillion radians per second(Trad/s),which can be flexibly tuned with a mirror in the MI.Besides,its fold rotational symmetry structure is also changeable by controlling the difference from the topological charges of the pulse pair.Experimentally,we have successfully developed a twopetal lattice with a tunable rotating speed from 3.9 Trad/s up to 11.9 Trad/s,which is confirmed by our single-shot ultrafast frame imager based on noncollinear optical-parametric amplification with its highest frame rate of 15 trillion frames per second(Tfps).This work is carried out at a low repetition rate.Therefore,it can be applied at relativistic,even ultrarelativistic,intensities,which usually operate in low repetition rate ultrashort and ultraintense laser systems.We believe that it may have application in laser-plasma-based accelerators,strong terahertz radiations and celestial phenomena. | Xuanke Zeng Shuiqin Zheng Yi Cai Hongyu Wang Xiaowei Lu Honggeng Wang Jingzhen Li Weixin Xie Shixiang Xu | 2020 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2020，8，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Characteristics and resource prospects of tight oil in Ordos Basin, China显示文摘Efficient large-scale development of ultra-low-permeability reservoirs(0.3-1 mD)has been achieved in the Changqing Oilfield,Ordos Basin of China.According to unique features of petroleum exploration and development in this basin,tight oil herein refers to petroleum that occurs in oil-bearing shales and interbedded tight sandstone reservoirs adjacent to source rocks with ambient air permeability<0.3 mD.Tight oil in tight sandstone and shale have generally not yet experienced large-scale long-distance migration.In the Yanchang Formation,tight oil has mainly accumulated in the semi-deep to deep lacustrine facies,typically in oil-bearing shales and tight sandstones of the 7th member oil-bearing formation and tight sandstones of the 6th member oil-bearing formation in the center of the basin.Tight oil resource in the Ordos Basin is characterized by wide spatial distribution,excellent source rocks,extremely tight sandstone reservoirs,complex pore throat structures,poor physical properties,high oil saturation,good crude-oil properties,and low reservoir pressure.A fundamental feature of the continuous oil and gas accumulation in tight oil reservoirs is the widespread development of nano-scale pore-throat systems.In the Yanchang Formation,most of connected pore throats in tight sandstone reservoirs have diameters greater than critical pore throat diameter,allowing oil and gas migration in the tight reservoirs.According to contact relationship between tight reservoirs and source rocks,three types of tight oil reservoirs are identified in the Yanchang Formation,i.e.,tight massive sandstone reservoir,sand-shale interbed reservoir,and oil-bearing shale reservoir.In the Ordos Basin,tight oil is widely distributed in the 6th and 7th members of the Yanchang Formation,with total resources estimated to be 3×10^(9) t.These include>1×10^(9) t of oil resources in shale in the 7th member of the Yanchang Formation and approximately 0.9×10^(9) t and 1.1×10^(9) t of tight sandstone oil resource in the 6th and 7th members of the Yanchang Formation,respectively.These tight oil resources are the realistic resources addition for the oilfield,which can ensure an annual production of 50×10^(6) t of oil and gas equivalent and maintain long-term stable oil production in the Changqing Oilfield,Ordos Basin,China. | Hua Yang Shixiang Li Xianyang Liu | 2016 | Petroleum Research2016，1，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Experimental realization to efficiently sort vector beams by polarization topological charge via Pancharatnam–Berry phase modulation显示文摘This paper reports the experimental realization of efficiently sorting vector beams by polarization topological charge(PTC). The PTC of a vector beam can be defined as the repetition number of polarization state change along the azimuthal axis, while its sign stands for the rotating direction of the polarization. Here, a couple of liquid crystal Pancharatnam–Berry optical elements(PBOEs) have been used to introduce conjugated spatial phase modulations for two orthogonal circular polarization states. Applying these PBOEs in a 4-f optical system,our experiments show the setup can work for PTC sorting with a separation efficiency of more than 58%. This work provides an effective way to decode information from different PTCs, which may be interesting in many fields, especially in optical communication. | SHUIQIN ZHENG YING LI QINGGANG LIN XUANKE ZENG GUOLIANG ZHENG YI CAI ZHENKUAN CHEN SHIXIANG XU DIANYUAN FAN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，5： | 2 |
| 17 | Paleo-sedimentary environmental restoration and its significance of Chang 7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,NW China显示文摘Paleo-sedimentary environment of Chang 7 Member of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, including the paleoclimate, paleo-salinity and paleo-redox conditions were restored through geochemical elements analysis of 289 samples collected from the outcrop sections around and wells drilled in the basin and using a series of identification indexes of paleo-climate, paleo-salinity and paleo-redox conditions, such as CaO/MgO?Al2 O3, Sr/Cu, Rb/Sr, Rb/K2 O, Th/U, V/(V+Ni), the content of element B tested from the mudstone. Comprehensive analysis shows that in sedimentary period of the Chang 7, the paleo-climate was warm temperate to subtropical climate with temperature higher than 15 ?C, the water body was continental brackish water to freshwater, and the sediments were deposited under strong reduction conditions. Suitable temperature, extensively deep lake basin and strongly reductive paleo-sedimentary environment led to the blooming, enrichment and preservation of organic matter in the submember Chang 73. As a result, a set of high-quality source rock was formed, laying material foundation for large-scale accumulation of shale oil. | FU Jinhua LI Shixiang XU Liming NIU Xiaobing | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Fluid Mobility Evaluation of Tight Sandstones in Chang 7 Member of Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin显示文摘Fluid mobility has been important topic for unconventional reservoir evaluation.The tight sandstones in Chang 7 Member of the Ordos Basin has been selected to investigate the fluid mobility based on the application of core flooding-NMR combined method and core centrifugation-NMR combined method,and the porous structure is studied using optical microscope,field emission scanning electron microscope(FE-SEM),CT and mercury injection.Our results include:(i)Feldsparrock fragments dissolution pores,calcite dissolution pores,clay mineral dissolution pores,intergranular dissolution expansion pores,inter-granular pores,intra-kaolinite pores,and intra-illite/smectite mixed layer pores are developed in Chang 7 tight sandstones;3D CT pore structure shows that the pore connectivity is positively related to physical properties,and the overall storage space is connected by the throat with diameter between 0.2 and 0.3μm.The percentage of storage space connected by throats with diameter less than 100 nm can reach more than 35%.(ii)Movable fluid saturation of Chang 7 tight sandstones is between 10%and 70%,and movable oil saturation is between 10%and 50%.Movable fluid saturation may cause misunderstanding when used to evaluate fluid mobility,so it is recommended to use movable fluid porosity in the evaluation of fluid mobility.The porosity ranging from 5%to 8%is the inflection point of the fluidity and pore structure.For samples with porosity less than 8%,the movable fluid porosity is generally less than 5%.Moreover,the movable fluid is mainly concentrated in the storage space with a throat diameter of 0.1 to 1μm.For samples with porosity greater than 8%,the porosity of the movable fluid is more than 5%,and the movable fluid is mainly concentrated in the storage space with a throat diameter of 0.2 to 2μm.(iii)The movable fluid saturation measured by core flooding-NMR combined method is generally higher than that measured by core centrifugation-NMR combined method.The former can evaluate the mobility of the oil-water two-phase fluid in samples,while the latter can better reflect the pore structure and directly evaluate the movable fluid in the pore system controlled by different throat diameters.All these results will provide valuable reference for fluid mobility evaluation in tight reservoirs. | Songtao Wu Shixiang Li Xuanjun Yuan Zhi Yang Aifen Li Jingwei Cui Songqi Pan Zhiguo Mao Ling Su You Zhou | 2021 | Journal of Earth Science2021，32，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Identification of sweet spots in shale-type and siltstone-type“shale oil systems”:A case study of the Chang 7 Member in Ordos Basin显示文摘Mid-high maturity shale oil is the most realistic field for the scale breakthrough of terrestrial shale oil production in China.Generally,three deficiencies hinder shale oil development in China:heavy oil density,small sweet spot areas,and poor distribution continuity.Thus,identifying the“sweet spots”in shale oil reservoirs is critical for the efficient exploration and development of terrestrial shale oil.This study targets the siltstone type(Class-Ⅱshale oil)and pure shale type(Class-Ⅲshale oil)of the Chang 7 Member in the Ordos Basin,and identifies three stratigraphic units,namely the hydrocarbon accumulation unit,hydrocarbon generation unit,and hydrocarbon retention unit,which together constitute the in-source“shale oil system”.The hydrocarbon accumulation unit is mainly siltstone,where the hydrocarbons are migrated from shales.It has favorable porethroat network connectivity with a pore connectivity ratio of 32–57%,being the siltstone-type sweet spots.The hydrocarbon generation unit is mainly composed of high-TOC mudstone/shale and is the main contributor to in-source hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.This unit has high three-dimensional connectivity(28–30%),as shown by the pore-throat network model,associated with vertical paths for hydrocarbon expulsion.The hydrocarbon retention unit is mainly composed of low-TOC mudstone/shale retaining self-generated and migrated hydrocarbons.The pore connectivity rate is 17–42%,and the pore-throat network connectivity direction is uneven.Light and low-carbon-number hydrocarbons are preferentially trapped or even sealed in small pores of the retention unit,forming the typical mudstone/shale-type sweet spots.In the process called shale oil intrasource migration,the oil migrates in source rocks causing component fractionation,which allows more shale oil to enrich in the hydrocarbon accumulation and retention units to form sweet spots,compared with the hydrocarbon generation unit.The migration paths include the one from mudstone/shale to siltstone interlayers and that from the high-TOC mudstone/shale intervals to the low-TOC intervals.The in-source accumulation of shale oil shows the differentiated enrichment model featuring“high-TOC mudstone/shale generating hydrocarbons,low-TOC mudstone/shale retaining hydrocarbons,siltstone accumulating hydrocarbons and multiple intra-source migration paths”.In the Ordos Basin,the organic-lean(TOC 1–3%)mudstone/shale intervals appear to be the sweet spots of shale oil,where there are abundant medium-short-chain hydrocarbons retained with high flowability.After fracturing stimulation,their production conditions may be even superior to those of siltstones.This proposed idea changes the previous strategy to look for sweet spots in high-TOC intervals derived from the shale gas industry. | Songqi PAN Qiulei GUO Caineng ZOU Zhenhua JING Ming YUAN Ying HE He ZHENG Ying MU Zhi YANG Shixiang LI Xinping ZHOU Songtao WU Hanlin LIU Feng YANG Yuanjia HAN | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Upconversion hollow nanospheres CeF_(3) co-doped with Yb^(3+) and Tm^(3+) for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation显示文摘Solar driven nitrogen(N_(2))fixation to synthesize ammonia is a potential alternative for the traditional Haber-Bosch approach to meeting industrial demand,but is largely hampered by the difficulties in the harvesting of solar energy and activating inert N_(2).In this work,hollow CeF_(3) nanospheres co-doped with activator Tm^(3+)and sensitizer Yb^(3+)(Yb^(3+):Tm^(3+):CeF_(3))were prepared by microwave hydrothermal method.The product was employed as a catalyst for photo-driven N_(2) fixation by adjusting the molar ratio of Ce^(3+):Yb^(3+):Tm^(3+).Results show that the porous hollow structure enhances the light-harvesting by physical scattering and reflection.In addition,heteroatom doping generates abundant fluorine vacancies(F_(V))which provide abundant active sites for adsorption and activation of N_(2).The sample with molar ratio of CeF_(3):Yb^(3+):Tm^(3+)at 178:20:2 demonstrates the highest utilization of solar energy attributed to the strongest upconversion capability of near-infrared(NIR)light to visible and ultraviolet(UV)light,and the NH_(4)+concentration achieves the highest value of 15.06μmol/(gcat∙h)under simulated sunlight while nearly 6.22μmol/(gcat∙h)under NIR light.Current study offers a promising and sustainable strategy for the fixation of atmospheric N_(2) using full-spectrum solar energy. | Minghui Zhong Zhendong Wang Da Dai Baozhu Yang Shixiang Zuo Chao Yao Fengqin Wu Xiazhang Li | 2022 | Journal of Rare Earths2022，40，4： | 1 |
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