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| 1 | Impacts of Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies on Indo-East Asian summer monsoon-ENSO relationship显示文摘In this study, the effect of the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) sea surface temperature (SST) variation in inducing the circulation anomaly in the Indo-East Asian monsoon (IEAM) region is investigated through the observational analysis and numerical model-ing. The observational analysis shows that the TNA summer SST is positively correlated with the preceding winter Ni?o3 SST and is simultaneously correlated with the circulation in the IEAM region. The simultaneous circulation pattern resembles that of the ENSO-decaying summer. The positive correlation between the TNA SST and the Ni?o3 region SST is primarily ascribed to the surface latent heat flux and short wave radiation anomalies induced by the ENSO teleconnection. Coupled general circulation model experiments show that, while including the air-sea coupling in the Atlantic, the model can reproduce the main features of the IEAM circulation, such as an anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific (WNP) and southerly anomalies over southeast China. While the climatological Atlantic SST is prescribed, the circulation over the WNP displays a significantly dif-ferent pattern, with an eastward migration of the WNP anticyclone and the associated northerly anomalies over southeast China. It is argued that anticyclonic shear and Ekman divergence associated with the atmospheric Kelvin wave response to the TNA warm SSTA forcing is the primary mechanism for the generation of the anomalous anticyclone in WNP. The results presented in this study provide a teleconnection pattern between TNA and short-term climate variability in IEAM region. | RONG XinYao ZHANG RenHe LI Tim | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，22： | 30 |
| 2 | The CAMS Climate System Model and a Basic Evaluation of Its Climatology and Climate Variability Simulation显示文摘A new coupled climate system model(CSM) has been developed at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS) by employing several state-of-the-art component models. The coupled CAMS-CSM consists of the modified atmospheric model [ECmwf-HAMburg(ECHAM5)], ocean model [Modular Ocean Model(MOM4)], sea ice model [Sea Ice Simulator(SIS)], and land surface model [Common Land Model(CoLM)]. A detailed model description is presented and both the pre-industrial and 'historical' simulations are preliminarily evaluated in this study.The model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycles of the major climate system quantities,including the sea surface temperature, precipitation, sea ice extent, and the equatorial thermocline. The major climate variability modes are also reasonably captured by the CAMS-CSM, such as the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO), El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO), East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO).The model shows a promising ability to simulate the EASM variability and the ENSO–EASM relationship. Some biases still exist, such as the false double-intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ) in the annual mean precipitation field,the overestimated ENSO amplitude, and the weakened Bjerknes feedback associated with ENSO; and thus the CAMS-CSM needs further improvements. | Xinyao RONG Jian LI Haoming CHEN Yufei XIN Jingzhi SU Lijuan HUA Tianjun ZHOU Yanjun QI Zhengqiu ZHANG Guo ZHANG Jianduo LI | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，6： | 15 |
| 3 | Climate Sensitivity and Feedbacks of a New Coupled Model CAMS-CSM to Idealized CO_2 Forcing: A Comparison with CMIP5 Models显示文摘Climate sensitivity and feedbacks are basic and important metrics to a climate system. They determine how large surface air temperature will increase under CO_2 forcing ultimately, which is essential for carbon reduction policies to achieve a specific warming target. In this study, these metrics are analyzed in a climate system model newly developed by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS-CSM) and compared with multi-model results from the Coupled Model Comparison Project phase 5(CMIP5). Based on two idealized CO_2 forcing scenarios, i.e.,abruptly quadrupled CO_2 and CO_2 increasing 1% per year, the equilibrium climate sensitivity(ECS) and transient climate response(TCR) in CAMS-CSM are estimated to be about 2.27 and 1.88 K, respectively. The ECS is near the lower bound of CMIP5 models whereas the TCR is closer to the multi-model ensemble mean(MME) of CMIP5 due to compensation of a relatively low ocean heat uptake(OHU) efficiency. The low ECS is caused by an unusually negative climate feedback in CAMS-CSM, which is attributed to cloud shortwave feedback(λSWCL) over the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean.The CMIP5 ensemble shows that more negative λSWCL is related to larger increase in low-level(925–700 hPa)cloud over the tropical Indo-Pacific under warming, which can explain about 90% of λSWCL in CAMS-CSM. Static stability of planetary boundary layer in the pre-industrial simulation is a critical factor controlling the low-cloud response and λSWCL across the CMIP5 models and CAMS-CSM. Evidently, weak stability in CAMS-CSM favors lowcloud formation under warming due to increased low-level convergence and relative humidity, with the help of enhanced evaporation from the warming tropical Pacific. Consequently, cloud liquid water increases, amplifying cloud albedo, and eventually contributing to the unusually negative λSWCL and low ECS in CAMS-CSM. Moreover, the OHU may influence climate feedbacks and then the ECS by modulating regional sea surface temperature responses. | Xiaolong CHEN Zhun GUO Tianjun ZHOU Jian LI Xinyao RONG Yufei XIN Haoming CHEN Jingzhi SU | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，1： | 11 |
| 4 | Dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis during microglial activation and motor neuron loss in the spinal cord of ALS mouse model显示文摘Background:Neuron-microglia communication plays a crucial role in the motor neurons(MNs)death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Neurons can express chemokine(C-X3-C motif)ligand 1(CX3CL1),which mediates microglial activation via interacting with its sole receptor CX3CR1 in microglia.In the present study,we aimed to investigate the dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis during microglial activation and MNs loss in SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS.Methods:qPCR,western blot and immunofluorescent staining were used to examine the mRNA and protein levels and localization of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in the anterior horn region of spinal cord in both SOD1G93A mice and their agematched wild type(WT)littermates at 40,60,90 and 120 days of age.The M1/M2 microglial activation in the spinal cord tissues of SOD1G93A mice and WT mice were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining of M1/M2 markers and further confirmed by qPCR analysis of M1/M2-related cytokines.Results:The immunofluorescent staining revealed that CX3CL1 was predominately expressed in MNs,while CX3CR1 was highly expressed in microglia in the anterior horn region of spinal cord.Compared with age-matched WT mice,CX3CL1 mRNA level was elevated at 40 days but decreased at 90 and 120 days in the anterior horn region of spinal cords in ALS mice.Consistently,CX3CR1 mRNA level was increased at 90 and 120 days.Western blot assay further confirmed the dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in ALS mice.Additionally,the levels of M1/M2 markers of microglia and their related cytokines in the anterior horn region of spinal cord in ALS mice were increased at 90 and 120 days.Moreover,while M1-related cytokines in ALS mice were persistently increased at 120 days,the upregulated M2-related cytokines started to decline at 120 days,suggesting an altered microglial activation.Conclusions:Our data revealed the dynamic changes of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and an imbalanced M1/M2 microglial activation during ALS pathological progression.These findings may help identify potential molecular targets for ALS therapy. | Jingjing Zhang Yufei Liu Xinyao Liu Song Li Cheng Cheng Sheng Chen Weidong Le | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 7 |
| 5 | Reoxidation of Transition-metal Catalysts with O2显示文摘转变金属催化氧化反应是有机化学的中央部件。代表绿、持续的化学,分子的氧(O 2) 由于它的生来、便宜、环境地友好的人物被看作了理想的氧化剂,因此提供吸引人的学术、工业的前景。在最近的年里,一些强大的器官的氧化方法连续地被开发了。在他们之中,分子的氧的使用(绿、持续的氧化剂吸引了可观的注意的 O 2) 。然而,新转变的发展理想的氧化剂因为 O 2 对的低标准电极潜力高度合乎需要却很挑战性的催化金属的协议使用 O 2 重新氧化转变金属催化剂。在这篇报道,我们向转变金属的使用加亮一些我们的进步催化氧气的氧化反应。通过 ligand 和酸的添加剂的小心的选择,我们成功地为氧化联合在 O 2或空气空气( 1 atm )下面认识到 Cu , Pd , Mn , Fe , Ru , Rh ,和二金属的催化剂的氧化,氧化反应,氧化 C-H/C-C 契约劈开,氧化的环,和石蜡 difunctionalization 反应。大多数反应能容忍功能的组的一个范围。这些方法为炔属羟的绿合成提供新策略,(-keto)amides/esters, ketones/diones, O/N-heterocycles, -azido 白酒,和 nitriles。在空气下面的高效率,低费用,和简单操作使这些方法论很吸引人、实际。我们将也讨论可能有用支持氧气的氧化反应设计的新类型的这些反应的机制。 | Xinyao Li Ning Jiao | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2017，35，9： | 6 |
| 6 | Ultrafine Sn nanocrystals in a hierarchically porous N-doped carbon for lithium ion batteries显示文摘我们报导准备高效的一个简单方法,为锂离子电池(解放) 的基于 Sn 的阳极材料。增加的 H 2 到包含 Sn 2+ 和苯胺的一个水的答案的 O 2 导致苯胺的同时的聚合和 Sn 2+ 的氧化到导致的 SnO 2, 一同类 polyaniline 和 SnO 2 合成。上述合成收益的氢热减小有层次孔和同类地分布式的、极其细小的 Sn 粒子的做 N 的碳。nanocomposite 为锂离子电池作为阳极材料展出优秀性能,显示出 788 mAh 的一个高可逆的特定的能力吗? | Xinghua Chang Teng Wang Zhiliang Liu Xinyao Zheng Jie Zheng Xingguo Li | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，6： | 5 |
| 7 | An Assessment of ENSO Stability in CAMS Climate System Model Simulations显示文摘We present an overview of the El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation(ENSO) stability simulation using the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences climate system model(CAMS-CSM). The ENSO stability was quantified based on the Bjerknes(BJ) stability index. Generally speaking, CAMS-CSM has the capacity of reasonably representing the BJ index and ENSO-related air–sea feedback processes. The major simulation biases exist in the underestimated thermodynamic damping and thermocline feedbacks. Further diagnostic analysis reveals that the underestimated thermodynamic feedback is due to the underestimation of the shortwave radiation feedback, which arises from the cold bias in mean sea surface temperature(SST) over central–eastern equatorial Pacific(CEEP). The underestimated thermocline feedback is attributed to the weakened mean upwelling and weakened wind–SST feedback(μ_a) in the model simulation compared to observation. We found that the weakened μ_a is also due to the cold mean SST over the CEEP.The study highlights the essential role of reasonably representing the climatological mean state in ENSO simulations. | Lijuan HUA Lin CHEN Xinyao RONG Jian LI Guo ZHANG Lu WANG | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Arctic Climate Changes Based on Historical Simulations(1900-2013) with the CAMS-CSM显示文摘The Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Climate System Model(CAMS-CSM) is a newly developed global climate model that will participate in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6. Based on historical simulations(1900-2013), we evaluate the model performance in simulating the observed characteristics of the Arctic climate system, which includes air temperature, precipitation, the Arctic Oscillation(AO), ocean temperature/salinity,the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC), snow cover, and sea ice. The model-data comparisons indicate that the CAMS-CSM reproduces spatial patterns of climatological mean air temperature over the Arctic(60°-90°N) and a rapid warming trend from 1979 to 2013. However, the warming trend is overestimated south of the Arctic Circle, implying a subdued Arctic amplification. The distribution of climatological precipitation in the Arctic is broadly captured in the model, whereas it shows limited skills in depicting the overall increasing trend. The AO can be reproduced by the CAMS-CSM in terms of reasonable patterns and variability. Regarding the ocean simulation, the model underestimates the AMOC and zonally averaged ocean temperatures and salinity above a depth of 500 m, and it fails to reproduce the observed increasing trend in the upper ocean heat content in the Arctic. The largescale distribution of the snow cover extent(SCE) in the Northern Hemisphere and the overall decreasing trend in the spring SCE are captured by the CAMS-CSM, while the biased magnitudes exist. Due to the underestimation of the AMOC and the poor quantification of air–sea interaction, the CAMS-CSM overestimates regional sea ice and underestimates the observed decreasing trend in Arctic sea–ice area in September. Overall, the CAMS-CSM reproduces a climatological distribution of the Arctic climate system and general trends from 1979 to 2013 compared with the observations, but it shows limited skills in modeling local trends and interannual variability. | Ting WEI Jian LI Xinyao RONG Wenjie DONG Bingyi WU Minghu DING | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，6： | 4 |
| 9 | COPII mitigates ER stress by promoting formation of ER whorls显示文摘Cells mitigate ER stress through the unfolded protein response(UPR).Here,we report formation of ER whorls as an effector mechanism of the ER stress response.We found that strong ER stress induces formation of ER whorls,which contain ER-resident proteins such as the Sec61 complex and PKR-like ER kinase(PERK).ER whorl formation is dependent on PERK kinase activity and is mediated by COPII machinery,which facilitates ER membrane budding to form tubular-vesicular ER whorl precursors.ER whorl precursors then go through Sec22b-mediated fusion to form ER whorls.We further show that ER whorls contribute to ER stressinduced translational inhibition by possibly modulating PERK activity and by sequestering translocons in a ribosome-free environment.We propose that formation of ER whorls reflects a new type of ER stress response that controls inhibition of protein translation. | Fang Xu Wanqing Du Qin Zou Yuting Wang Xin Zhang Xudong Xing Ying Li Dachuan Zhang Huimin Wang Wenhao Zhang Xinyao Hu Xin Liu Xiaoling Liu Shaojin Zhang Jinqiang Yu Jianhuo Fang Fajin Li Ying Zhou Tieqiang Yue Na Mi Haiteng Deng Peng Zou Xiaowei Chen Xuerui Yang Li Yu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Obtaining More Information about Precipitation Biases over East Asia from Hourly-Scale Evaluation of Model Simulation显示文摘The hourly summer precipitation simulations over East Asia by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science Climate System Model(CAMS-CSM)high-resolution Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP)runs(T255,~50 km)were evaluated based on the merged hourly precipitation product released by the China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The results show that the simulation biases are closely related to the topography,with the precipitation amount and frequency overestimated(underestimated),and duration of precipitation events being longer(shorter),over the western high-altitude(eastern plain)regions of China.Six regions with large discrepancies were further analyzed.In terms of the frequency-intensity structure,the overestimation of precipitation frequency is mainly due to the excessive simulated weak precipitation over the four regions with positive biases:the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau(STP),the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau(NETP),the eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau(EPTP),and the mountainous area of North China(NCM);while the underestimation of frequency is mainly due to the insufficient precipitation with moderate intensity over the two regions with negative biases:lower reaches of the Yangtze River(LYR)and the South China coast(SCC).Based on the duration-diurnal structure analysis,two kinds of precipitation events with different natures can be distinguished.The long-duration night to early morning precipitation events have a significant contribution to the precipitation amount biases for all the six key regions,and this kind of precipitation mainly affects the precipitation diurnal variation over the mountainous areas or steep terrain.Although the short-duration afternoon precipitation events only have a greater contribution to the precipitation amount biases over the SCC region,this kind of precipitation affects the diurnal variation over the NCM region and the two key regions with negative biases.Such a detailed hourly-scale evaluation is helpful for enriching the understanding of simulation biases and to further improve model performance. | Nina LI Jian LI Xinyao RONG Haoming CHEN Yufei XIN Jingzhi SU | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，3： | 3 |
| 11 | Altered Motor Performance,Sleep EEG,and Parkinson’s Disease Pathology Induced by Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Lrrk2^(G2019S) Mice显示文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a multifaceted disease in which environmental variables combined with genetic predisposition cause dopaminergic(DAergic)neuron loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta.The mutation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2(Lrrk2)is the most common autosomal dominant mutation in PD,and it has also been reported in sporadic cases.A growing body of research suggests that circadian rhythm disruption,particularly sleep-wake abnormality,is common during the early phase of PD.Our present study aimed to evaluate the impact of sleep deprivation(SD)on motor ability,sleep performance,and PD pathologies in Lrrk2^(G2019S) transgenic mice.After two months of SD,Lrrk2^(G2019S) mice at 12 months of age showed an exacerbated PD-like phenotype with motor deficits,a reduced striatal DA level,degenerated DAergic neurons,and altered sleep structure and biological rhythm accompanied by the decreased protein expression level of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput Lrrk2 gene in the brain.All these changes persisted and were even more evident in 18-month-old mice after 6 months of follow-up.Moreover,a significant increase inα-synuclein aggregation was found in SD-treated transgenic mice at 18 months of age.Taken together,our findings indicate that sleep abnormalities,as a risk factor,may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of PD.Early detection of sleep disorders and improvement of sleep quality may help to delay disease progression and provide long-term clinical benefits. | Xinyao Liu Hang Yu Yuanyuan Wang Song Li Cheng Cheng Murad Al-Nusaif Weidong Le | 2022 | Neuroscience Bulletin2022，38，10： | 3 |
| 12 | Effects of tillage managements and maize straw returning on soil microbiome using 16S rDNA sequencing显示文摘Agricultural practices could affect bacterial diversity and community structure by altering soil physical and chemical properties. Straw returning and tillage practices are widely used in agriculture, however, the effects of these agricultural practices on microbiomes are still unclear. In the present study, we compared the 18 bacterial communities of soil with different straw returning and tillage treatment combinations. The V3-V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA were amplified and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the bacterial communities were consistently dominated by Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi. Short-term straw returning and tillage practices significantly altered the diversity, relative abundance and functions of the soil microbiome. Soil subjected to rotary tillage and straw returning (RTS) combination possessed the highest bacterial diversity and lowest ratio of G+/G- bacteria, indicating that RTS could be an efficient integrated management system to improve microbiome in the short term. Double verifications based on relative abundance and network analysis, revealed close relationships of Mycobacterium and Methylibium with RTS, indicating they could serve as biomarkers for RTS. Investigating microbial changes under different agricultural practices will provide valuable foundations for land sustainable utilization and increase crop yields. | Xinyao Xia Piaopiao Zhang Linlin He Xingxing Gao Weijun Li Yuanyuan Zhou Zongxin Li Hui Li Long Yang | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2019，61，6： | 3 |
| 13 | Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation in the Asian–Pacific Monsoon Region Simulated in CAMS-CSM显示文摘The boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation(BSISO) is simulated by the Climate System Model(CSM) developed at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS), China Meteorological Administration. Firstly, the results indicate that this new model is able to reasonably simulate the annual cycle and seasonal mean of the precipitation, as well as the vertical shear of large-scale zonal wind in the tropics. The model also reproduces the eastward and northward propagating oscillation signals similar to those found in observations. The simulation of BSISO is generally in agreement with the observations in terms of variance center, periodicity, and propagation, with the exception that the magnitude of BSISO anomalous convections are underestimated during both its eastward propagation along the equator and its northward propagation over the Asian–Pacific summer monsoon region. Our preliminary evaluation of the simulated BSISO by CAMS-CSM suggests that this new model has the capability, to a certain extent, to capture the BSISO features, including its propagation zonally along the equator and meridionally over the Asian monsoon region. | Yanjun QI Renhe ZHANG Xinyao RONG Jian LI Lun LI | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，1： | 2 |
| 14 | New approaches for rare earth-magnesium based hydrogen storage alloys显示文摘As the most possibility applied to the next generation negative electrode materials of Ni/ MH second battery,rare earth(RE)-magnesium(Mg) based alloys have been developed over the last few years. Recent advances about the RE-Mg based intermetallic compounds on the crystal structures, hydrogenation behaviors and electrochemical performances are reviewed in the paper. On the other hand, new results about the preparation and modification methods of the alloys are also covered in details. | Huaiwei Zhang Xinyao Zheng Xiao Tian Yang Liu Xingguo Li | 2017 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2017，27，1： | 2 |
| 15 | The CMIP6 Historical Simulation Datasets Produced by the Climate System Model CAMS-CSM显示文摘This paper describes the historical simulations produced by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS)climate system model(CAMS-CSM),which are contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6).The model description,experiment design and model outputs are presented.Three members’historical experiments are conducted by CAMS-CSM,with two members starting from different initial conditions,and one excluding the stratospheric aerosol to identify the effect of volcanic eruptions.The outputs of the historical experiments are also validated using observational data.It is found that the model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycle of the major climate system quantities,including the surface air temperature,precipitation,and the equatorial thermocline.The long-term trend of air temperature and precipitation is also reasonably captured by CAMS-CSM.There are still some biases in the model that need further improvement.This paper can help the users to better understand the performance and the datasets of CAMS-CSM. | Xinyao RONG Jian LI Haoming CHEN Jingzhi SU Lijuan HUA Zhengqiu ZHANG Yufei XIN | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Causes of the El Ni?o and La Ni?a Amplitude Asymmetry in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific显示文摘 | Su Jingzhi Zhang Renhe Li Tim Rong Xinyao Kug J-S Hong Chi-Cherng | 2010 | Journal of Climate2010，，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Probabilistic analysis for the response of nonlinear base isolation system under the ground excitation induced by high dam flood discharge显示文摘According to theoretical analysis,a general characteristic of the ground vibration induced by high dam flood discharge is that the dominant frequency ranges over several narrow frequency bands,which is verified by observations from the Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station.Nonlinear base isolation is used to reduce the structure vibration under ground excitation and the advantage of the isolation application is that the low-frequency resonance problem does not need to be considered due to its excitation characteristics,which significantly facilitate the isolation design.In order to obtain the response probabilistic distribution of a nonlinear system,the state space split technique is modified.As only a few degrees of freedom are subjected to the random noise,the probabilistic distribution of the response without involving stochastic excitation is represented by theδfunction.Then,the sampling property of theδfunction is employed to reduce the dimension of the Fokker-PlanckKolmogorov(FPK)equation and the low-dimensional FPK equation is solvable with existing methods.Numerical results indicate that the proposed approach is effective and accurate.Moreover,the response probabilistic distributions are more reasonable and scientific than the peak responses calculated by conventional time and frequency domain methods. | Liang Chao Zhang Jinliang Lian Jijian Liu Fang Li Xinyao | 2017 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2017，16，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Responses of Cloud-Radiative Forcing to Strong El Nino Events over the Western Pacific Warm Pool as Simulated by CAMS-CSM显示文摘Cloud-radiative forcing(CRF)at the top of the atmosphere(TOA)over the western Pacific warm pool(WP)shows unique characteristics in response to El Nino events.In this region,the responses of CRF to El Nino events have been a useful metric for evaluating climate models.Satellite data are used to analyze the CRF anomalies to El Nino events simulated by the new and old versions of the Climate System Model of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS-CSM),which has participated in the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project(AMIP).Here,simulations for super El Nino years,El Nino years,and normal years are compared with observations.The results show that the mean values of both longwave CRF(LWCRF)and shortwave CRF(SWCRF)in CAMS-CSM are weaker than the observations for each category of El Nino events.Compared with the old version of CAMS-CSM,the decrease in LWCRF during El Nino events is well simulated by the new version of CAMS-CSM.However,both new and old models cannot reproduce the anomalous SWCRF in El Nino events.The biases in the CRF response to El Nino events are attributed to the biases in the cloud vertical structure because of a weaker crash of the Walker circulation in CAMS-CSM.Due to the modification of the conversion rate from cloud droplets to raindrops in the cumulus convection scheme,the new version of CAMS-CSM has better CRF skills in normal years,but biases in El Nino events still exist in the new version.Improving the response of the Walker circulation to El Nino events is key to higher skills in simulating the cloud radiative responses. | Baichao ZHANG Zhun GUO Xiaolong CHEN Tianjun ZHOU Xinyao RONG Jian LI | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，3： | 2 |
| 19 | Optimization of polyurethane-bonded thin overlay mixture designation for airport pavement显示文摘This research explored the application potential of PUM thin-overlay technology on airport rapid maintenance.The rapid curing process of polyurethane binder determines the limited time window for mixing and construction of polyurethane-bonded mixture(PUM),which presents significant difference with hot-mix asphalt(HMA)technology.Therefore,this research investigated and optimized the mix design of PUM for airport thin-overlay technology based on its thermosetting characteristics.First,limestone and basalt were comprehensively compared as an aggregate for PUM.Then,the effects of molding and curing conditions were studied in terms of mixing time,molding method,molding parameters and curing temperature.Statistical analysis was also conducted to evaluate the effects of gradation and particle size on PUM performances based on gray relational analysis(GRA),thus determining the key particle size to control PUM performances.Finally,the internal structural details of PUM were captured by X-ray CT scan test.The results demonstrated that it only took 12 hours to reach 75%of maximum strength at a curing temperature of 50°C,indicating an efficient curing process and in turn allowing short traffic delay.The internal structural details of PUM presented distribution of tiny pores with few connective voids,guaranteeing waterproof property and high strength. | Xianrui LI Ling XU Qidi ZONG Fu JIANG Xinyao YU Jun WANG Feipeng XIAO | 2022 | Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering2022，16，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Intima‐medial thickness homogeneity in the common carotid artery: Measurement method and preliminary clinical study显示文摘 | Xinyao Cheng Yuan Zhou Yalei Jin Guokuan Li Hua Wang Enmin Song | 2012 | J Clin Ultrasound2012，，9： | 1 |
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