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| 1 | Effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance,intestinal development,and immune response of weaned piglets challenged with lipopolysaccharide显示文摘Background: Weanling pigs, with immature immune system and physiological function, usually experience postweaning diarrhea. This study determined the effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on growth performance, diarrhea, and immunity of weaned pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods: In Experiment(Exp.) 1,144 weaned piglets were weaned at 21 d and randomly assigned to six groups,with six replicates per group and four pigs per replicate, receiving a control diet(CON) or diet supplemented with antibiotics(AB) or C. butyricum(CB)(0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, or 0.8%), respectively. All diets in Exp. 1 were a highly digestible basal diet, with 3,000 mg/kg zinc oxide supplied in the first 2 wk only. In Exp. 2, 180 piglets were weaned at 21 d and randomly assigned to five groups, with six replicates per group and six pigs per replicate, receiving CON, AB, or CB(0.2%, 0.4%, or 0.6%) diets. The digestibility of diets was lower than those in Exp. 1, and did not include zinc oxide. At 36 d of Exp. 2, 12 piglets were selected from each of the CON and 0.4% CB groups, six piglets were intraperitoneally injected with LPS(50 μg/kg body weight) and the other six piglets with normal saline;animals were killed at 4 h after injection to collect blood, intestine, and digesta samples for biochemical analysis.Results: In Exp. 1, CB and AB diets had no effect on growth performance of piglets. In Exp. 2, 0.4% CB decreased feed-gain ratio(P < 0.1), diarrhea score(P < 0.05), and increased duodenal, jejunal, and ileal villus height and jejunal villus height/crypt depth(P < 0.05). The 0.4% CB decreased the plasma tumor necrosis factor(TNF) α(P < 0.05) but increased ileal mucosa IL-10 and TLR2 mRNA expression(P < 0.05). Furthermore, 0.4% CB altered the microbial profile, with Bacillus and Ruminococcaceae UGG-003 at genus level and Lactobacillus casei and Parasutterella secunda at species level were higher than CON in colonic content(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Dietary C. butyricum supplementation had positive effects on growth of weaned piglets with less digestible diets. There was a tendency to reduce the feed-gain ratio, which could reduce feed costs in pig production. Moreover, C. butyricum decreased post-weaning diarrhea by improving the intestinal morphology,intestinal microflora profile, and immune function. | Ling Chen Shuang Li Jie Zheng Wentao Li Xuemei Jiang Xilun Zhao Jian Li Lianqiang Che Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Bin Feng Zhengfeng Fang De Wu | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，4： | 26 |
| 2 | PIKA as an Adjuvant Enhances Specific Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Following the Vaccination of Mice with HBsAg plus PIKA显示文摘An adjuvant is usually used to enhance the immune response induced by vaccines. The choice of adjuvant or immune enhancer determines the effectiveness of the immune response. Currently, aluminium (Alum, a generic term for salts of aluminium) is the only FDA-approved adjuvant. Alum predominantly induces the differentiation of Th2 cells and thus mediates an antibody immune response. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new adjuvants that enhance not only humoral but also cellular immune responses. In the present study, we demonstrates that PIKA (a stabilized dsRNA) as an adjuvant directly induces the activation and the proliferation of both B and NK cells in vitro. Injection of PIKA into mice results in the production of cytokines in vivo. In addition, the study demonstrates that PIKA promotes the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) including up-regulation of the co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and CD40, and the induction of cytokines such as IL-12p70, IL-12p40 and IL-6. Importantly, after immunization of mice with HBsAg plus PIKA, the presence of PIKA enhances the titers of HBsAg-specific IgG and HBsAg-specific IFN-γ production. These results demonstrate that PIKA as an adjuvant can promote both humoral and cellular immune responses. These might have an implication in applying PIKA as an adjuvant to be used in the design and development of both therapeutic and preventive vaccines, and used in the clinical study. | Erxia Shen Li Li Lietao Li Lianqiang Feng Lin Lu Ziliang Yao Haixiang Lin Changyou Wu | 2007 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2007，4，2： | 13 |
| 3 | Effects of dietary supplementation with essential oils and protease on growth performance,antioxidation,inflammation and intestinal function of weaned pigs显示文摘This experiment evaluated the impacts of essential oils(EO)and protease(PRO),independently or in combination,on growth performance,antioxidation,inflammation and intestinal function of weaned pigs.One hundred and sixty weaned pigs(21 d of age,BW of 6.74±0.20 kg)were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 8 replicate pens of 5 pigs per pen.Dietary treatments included the following:1)control diet(CON),2)CON with 300 mg/kg essential oils(EO),3)CON with 500 mg/kg protease(PRO),4)CON with 300 mg/kg essential oil and 500 mg/kg protease(EO + PRO).On d 8,one pig from each penwas selected for sampling.The remaining pigs were fed for an additional week and growth performance was monitored during this period.Dietary treatments had no marked effects(P>0.05)on the growth performance of pigs.However,pigs receiving EO diet had higher(P<0.05)serumglutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity,and tended to decrease(P=0.063)serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a).In addition,pigs receiving EO diet had higher(P<0.05)abundances of phylum Actinobacteria,and genera Bifidobacterium,and lower(P<0.05)phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Alloprevotella in colonic digesta.Pigs receiving PRO diet decreased(P<0.05)the serum concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA)and diamine oxidase activity,increased(P<0.05)the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in duodenum,increased sucrase activity in jejunal mucosa,and also increased the abundance of phylum Actinobacteria in colonic digesta.Furthermore,the synergistic effects of EO and PROwas observed(P<0.05)for pigs with decreasing serum TNF-a concentration and increasing serum GSH-Px activity.Collectively,the results indicated that dietary supplementation of EO and PRO had no significant effects on growth performance of weaned pigs.EO diet appeared to improve antioxidant activity and intestinal microbiota,while PRO diet improved intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activity,and there was a synergistic effect of EO and PRO on reducing inflammatory parameters in weaned pigs. | Xie Peng Qiang Zhou Cheng Wu Jian Zhao Quan Tan Ying He Liang Hu Zhengfeng Fang Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Bin Feng Jian Li Yong Zhuo Chris Van Ginneken Xuemei Jiang De Wu Lianqiang Che | 2022 | Animal Nutrition2022，，2： | 8 |
| 4 | Inclusion of purified dietary fiber during gestation improved the reproductive performance of sows显示文摘Background: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of guar gum and cellulose as the source of dietary fiber during gestation on the reproductive performance of sows.Methods: A total of 210 sows(parities 3–6) were randomly allocated into six diets(n = 35) throughout gestation to feed graded levels of dietary fiber(DF), including a corn-soybean meal-based control diet with no wheat bran inclusion(CON, 12.5% DF), a wheat bran-rich diet(DF1, 17.4% DF), and another 4 diets(DF2, 17.7% DF;DF3, 18.1%DF;DF4, 18.4% DF;DF5, 18.8% DF) in which wheat bran were equally substituted by 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% purified FIBER MIX(guar gum and cellulose, 1:4). All sows received similar DE and other nutrients throughout gestation.Results: DF treatment during gestation resulted in normal fecal score(1 to 5 with 1 = dry and 5 = watery) in sows compared with those received the CON diet(P < 0.05). The number of total born piglets had a tendency to be affected by dietary treatment(P = 0.07), and correlation analysis revealed a linear response of total born to dietary fiber levels during gestation(P < 0.01). Sows received the DF2, DF3, and DF5 diets during gestation had a greater ADFI during lactation compared with those in the CON group(P < 0.05) without affecting the daily body weight gain of suckling piglets. Gut microbiota compositions were dramatically changed by the gestation stage and some of those were changed by DF inclusion. Fecal acetate, propionate, and butyrate of sows were markedly increased in late gestation, and butyrate contents in feces of gestating sows were significantly affected by DF levels(P < 0.01).Serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory TNF-α were decreased and anti-inflammatory IL-10 was increased on day30 of gestation by DF levels(P < 0.05).Conclusions: In summary, increasing dietary fiber levels by guar gum and cellulose during gestation improved the reproductive performance of sows, which might be related to changes in immunity and gut microbiota of sows. | Yong Zhuo Bo Feng Yuedong Xuan Lianqiang Che Zhengfeng Fang Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Jian Li Bing Feng De Wu | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，4： | 4 |
| 5 | Dietary energy intake affects fetal survival and development during early and middle pregnancy in Large White and Meishan gilts显示文摘This experiment was designed to determine the effects of variations in dietary energy intake on reproductive performance and gene expression of luteal and endometrium tissues in Large White(LW)and Meishan(MS) gilts during early and middle pregnancy. After insemination, 32 LW gilts were assigned to high and low(HE_Land LE_L, 14.23 and 12.56 MJ DE/kg, respectively) diet treatment groups,while 32 MS gilts were allocated to HE_M and LE_M(12.56 and 10.88 MJ DE/kg) groups. Gilts were slaughtered on days 35, 55 and 90 of gestation. The fetal survival and luteal progesterone(P_4) concentration in the HE_Lgroup were higher on day 35 but lower on day 90 of gestation compared with the LE_L group(P < 0.05) for LW gilts. However, fetal survival and luteal P_4 concentration on day 35 of gestation were greater(P < 0.05) in the LE_M group than in the HE_M group for MS gilts, but no significant difference in mid-gestation was showed. The fetal weights of both breeds were higher for the high energy diets compared with the respective control group on day 90 of gestation(P < 0.05). In addition,the m RNA levels of P_4 synthesis-related proteins had correlated with luteal P_4 concentration in both breeds. Further, endometrial levels of uteroferrin(ACP5), retinol-binding protein 4(RBP_4) and secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1) m RNA were upregulated in the HE_Lgroup on day 35 of gestation but ACP5 and SPP1 were downregulated on day 55 of gestation compared with the LE_Lgroup(P < 0.05) for LW gilts. In MS gilts, diet only affected the expression of SPP1(P < 0.05). Our results revealed the differential sensitivity of LW and MS breeds to variations in dietary energy intake. For LW gilts, the HE_Lgroup improved fetal survival on day 35 but a sustained high energy diet decreased fetal survival on day 90 of gestation. The differences in dietary energy intake did not influence fetal survival on day 90 of gestation but the higher energy diet did increase fetal weight in the MS breed compared with the lower energy intake diet. These results may be due to differential luteal secretion activity and endometrium gene expression in these two breeds. | Long Che Zhenguo Yang Mengmeng Xu Ziyun Zhang Peilin Liu Shengyu Xu Lianqiang Che Yan Lin Zhengfeng Fang Bin Feng Jian Li De Wu | 2015 | Animal Nutrition2015，，3： | 4 |
| 6 | Concise and efficient direct-view generation of arbitrary cylindrical vector beams by a vortex half-wave plate显示文摘A concise, efficient, and practical direct-view scheme is presented to generate arbitrary cylindrical vector(CV)beams, including CV beams, vortex beams, and cylindrical vector vortex(CVV) beams, by a vortex half-wave plate(VHP). Six kinds of first-order and other high-order CV beams, such as azimuthally polarized(AP) beams, antivortex radial polarization mode beams, and three-order AP beams, are formed by simply rotating a half-wave plate. The Stokes parameters and double-slit interference of multitype CV beams are investigated in detail.The polarization parameters, including degree of polarization, polarization azimuth, and ellipticity, are obtained,which demonstrates the efficient generation of CV beams. In addition, the double-slit interference experiment is introduced in the setup, and fringe misplacement and tilt appear for CVV beams, in which the misplacement number M is 2P+1 for P ≤ 2 and 2P-1 for P ≥ 3, where P is the polarization order number, and the fringe tilt offset is positively related to the topological charge number l of CVV beams. In addition, new types of VHPs can be formed by cascading two or more VHPs when the types of available VHPs are limited, assisting in more flexible generation of multitype CV beams. It is experimentally demonstrated that arbitrary CV beams with high quality are effectively achieved by the proposed setup, and the double-slit interference method can be utilized to determine and analyze CV beams rapidly and concisely by practical performance, which shows the potential to be implemented as a commercial device. | JUNLI QI WEIHUA WANG BO SHI HUI ZHANG YANAN SHEN HAIFEI DENG WENJING PU XIN LIU HUIHUI SHAN XIAOMIN MA LIANQIANG ZHANG WEI LU MEICHENG FU XIUJIAN LI | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，5： | 4 |
| 7 | Transfer of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate from sows to their offspring and its impact on muscle fiber type transformation and performance in pigs显示文摘Background: Previous studies suggested that supplementation of lactating sows with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate(HMB) could improve the performance of weaning pigs, but there were little information in the muscle fiber type transformation of the offspring and the subsequent performance in pigs from weaning through finishing in response to maternal HMB consumption. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of supplementing lactating sows with HMB on skeletal muscle fiber type transformation and growth of the offspring during d 28 and180 after birth. A total of 20 sows according to their body weight were divided into the control(CON, n = 10) or HMB groups(HMB, n = 10). Sows in the HMB group were supplemented with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate calcium(HMB-Ca) 2 g/kg feed during d 1 to 27 of lactation. After weaning, 48 mixed sex piglets were blocked by sow treatment and fed standard diets for post-weaning, growing, finishing periods. Growth performance was recorded during d 28 to 180 after birth. Pigs were slaughtered on d 28(n = 6/treatment) and 180(n = 6/treatment) postnatal and the longissimus dorsi(LD) was collected, respectively.Results: The HMB-fed sows during lactation showed increased HMB concentration(P < 0.05) in milk and LD of weaning piglets(P < 0.05). In addition, offsprings in HMB group had a higher finishing BW and lean percentage than did pigs in CON group(P < 0.05), meanwhile, compared with pigs from sows fed the CON diet, pigs from sows fed HMB diet showed higher type Ⅱ muscle fiber cross-sectional area(CSA), elevated myosin heavy chain(MyHC) Ⅱb and Sox6 mRNA, and fast-MyHC protein levels in LD(P < 0.05).Conclusions: HMB supplemented to sow diets throughout lactation increases the levels of HMB in maternal milk and skeletal muscle of pigs during d 28 after birth and promotes subsequent performance of pigs between d 28 and 180 of age by enhancing glycolytic muscle fiber transformation. | Haifeng Wan Jiatao Zhu Caimei Wu Pan Zhou Yong Shen Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Lianqiang Che Bin Feng Jian Li Zhengfeng Fang De Wu | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，2： | 2 |
| 8 | In vitro study of the nephrotoxicity of total Dahuang(Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati) anthraquinones and emodin in monolayer human proximal tubular epithelial cells cultured in a transwell chamber显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in the morphology and physiological functions of human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) caused by total Dahuang (Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati) anthraquinones (TDA) and emodin. METHODS: HK-2 cells were cultured on polycarbonate (PCF) membranes to form a complete monolayer of cells. A fluorescein isothiocyanate- dextran (FITC) permeability assay was conducted and secretion of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) was examined. The reabsorption of glucose and the excretion of para-aminohippuric acid (PAH) by HK-2 cells were also examined. The morphology of HK-2 cells was observed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The cytoskeleton of HK-2 cells was observed under a fluorescence microscope. RESULTS: Compared with the results for the dimethyl sulfoxide group, treatment of cells with TDA and emodin showed statistically significant differences in the FITC leakage rate, the apical / basolateral ratio of LDH and GGT, and the secretion of GGT, LDH, NAG and KIM-1. At 64 μg/mL, TDA markedly inhibited blood glucose reabsorption and remarkably suppressed PAH excretion by HK-2 cells. Both TDA and emodin caused various degrees of damage to the morphology and cytoskeleton of HK-2 cells with the degree of damage correlating positively with the dosage of the tested substances.CONCLUSION: Both TDA and emodin caused damage to human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells at certain dosages. At the same dosage, TDA caused more severe damage than emodin to the HK-2 cells. | Cao Chunyu Hui Lianqiang Li Chun Yang Yifei Zhang Jiyuan Liu Ting Hao Ran Zhang Yi | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，5： | 2 |
| 9 | Beneficial effects of a decreased meal frequency on nutrient utilization,secretion of luteinizing hormones and ovarian follicular development in gilts显示文摘Background:Replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum,whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on the metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.Methods:A total of 36 gilts(Landrace×Yorkshire)with an age of 150±3 d and a body weight of 77.6±3.8 kg were randomly allocated into one of three groups(n=12 in each group),and based on the group allocation,the gilts were fed at a frequency of one meal(T1),two meals(T2),or six meals per day(T6)for 14 consecutive weeks.The effects of the meal frequency on growth preference,nutrient utilization,short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbial,the post-meal dynamics in the metabolic status,reproductive hormone secretions,and ovarian follicular development in the gilts were measured.Results:The gilts in the T1 group presented a higher average daily gain(+48 g/d,P<0.05)and a higher body weight(+4.9 kg,P<0.05)than those in the T6 group.The meal frequency had no effect on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,ash,and gross energy,with the exception that the T1 gilts exhibited a greater NDF digestibility than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The nitrogen balance analysis revealed that the T1 gilts presented decreased urine excretion of nitrogen(−8.17 g/d,P<0.05)and higher nitrogen retention(+9.81 g/d,P<0.05),and thus exhibited higher nitrogen utilization than the T6 gilts.The time-course dynamics of glucose,α-amino nitrogen,urea,lactate,and insulin levels in serum revealed that the T1 group exhibited higher utilization of nutrients after a meal than the T2 or T6 gilts.The T1 gilts also had a higher acetate content and SCFAs in feces than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The age,body weight and backfat thickness of the gilts at first estrous expression were not affected by the meal frequency,but the gilts in the T1 group had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle and 17β-estradiol,a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea,and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 19th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.Conclusions:The current findings revealed the benefits of a lower meal frequency equal feed intake on nutrient utilization and reproductive function in replacement gilts,and thus provide new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts,and the dietary pattern for other mammals,such as humans. | Lun Hua Lianpeng Zhao Zhengyu Mao Wentao Li Jing Li Xuemei Jiang Lianqiang Che Shengyu Xu Yan Lin Zhengfeng Fang Bin Feng De Wu Yong Zhuo | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Microbial and metabolomic mechanisms mediating the effects of dietary inulin and cellulose supplementation on porcine oocyte and uterine development显示文摘Background:Dietary fiber(DF)is often eschewed in swine diet due to its anti-nutritional effects,but DF is attracting growing attention for its reproductive benefits.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of DF intake level on oocyte maturation and uterine development,to determine the optimal DF intake for gilts,and gain microbial and metabolomic insight into the underlying mechanisms involved.Methods:Seventy-six Landrace×Yorkshire(LY)crossbred replacement gilts of similar age(92.6±0.6 d;mean±standard deviation[SD])and body weight(BW,33.8±3.9 kg;mean±SD)were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatment groups(n=19);a basal diet without extra DF intake(DF 1.0),and 3 dietary groups ingesting an extra50%(DF 1.5),75%(DF 1.75),and 100%(DF 2.0)dietary fiber mixture consisting of inulin and cellulose(1:4).Oocyte maturation and uterine development were assessed on 19 d of the 2nd oestrous cycle.Microbial diversity of faecal samples was analysed by high-throughput pyrosequencing(16S r RNA)and blood samples were subjected to untargeted metabolomics.Results:The rates of oocytes showing first polar bodies after in vitro maturation for 44 h and uterine development increased linearly with increasing DF intake;DF 1.75 gilts had a 19.8%faster oocyte maturation rate and a 48.9 cm longer uterus than DF 1.0 gilts(P<0.05).Among the top 10 microbiota components at the phylum level,8increased linearly with increasing DF level,and the relative abundance of 30 of 53 microbiota components at the genus level(>0.1%)increased linearly or quadratically with increasing DF intake.Untargeted metabolic analysis revealed significant changes in serum metabolites that were closely associated with microbiota,including serotonin,a gut-derived signal that stimulates oocyte maturation.Conclusions:The findings provide evidence of the benefits of increased DF intake by supplementing inulin and cellulose on oocyte maturation and uterine development in gilts,and new microbial and metabolomic insight into the mechanisms mediating the effects of DF on reproductive performance of replacement gilts. | Zhaoyue Men Meng Cao Yuechan Gong Lun Hua Ruihao Zhang Xin Zhu Lianchao Tang Xuemei Jiang Shengyu Xu Jian Li Lianqiang Che Yan Lin Bin Feng Zhengfeng Fang De Wu Yong Zhuo | 2022 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2022，13，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Mammary cell proliferation and catabolism of adipose tissues in nutrition-restricted lactating sows were associated with extracellular high glutamate levels显示文摘Background: Persistent lactation,as the result of mammary cellular anabolism and secreting function,is dependent on substantial mobilization or catabolism of body reserves under nutritional deficiency.However,little is known about the biochemical mechanisms for nutrition-restricted lactating animals to simultaneously maintain the anabolism of mammary cells while catabolism of body reserves.In present study,lactating sows with restricted feed allowance(RFA)(n = 6),24% feed restriction compared with the control(CON) group(n = 6),were used as the nutrition-restricted model.Microdialysis and mammary venous cannulas methods were used to monitor postprandial dynamic changes of metabolites in adipose and mammary tissues.Results: At lactation d 28,the RFA group showed higher(P < 0.05) loss of body weight and backfat than the CON group.Compared with the CON group,the adipose tissue of the RFA group had higher(P < 0.05) extracellular glutamate and insulin levels,increased(P < 0.05) lipolysis related genes(HSL and ATGL) expression,and decreased(P < 0.05) glucose transport and metabolism related genes(VAMP8,PKLR and LDHB) expression.These results indicated that under nutritional restriction,reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake and metabolism and increased lipolysis in adipose tissues was related to extracellular high glutamate concentration.As for mammary glands,compared with the CON group,the RFA group had up-regulated(P < 0.05) expression of Notch signaling ligand(DLL3) and receptors(NOTCH2 and NOTCH4),higher(P < 0.05) extracellular glutamate concentration,while expression of cell proliferation related genes and concentrations of most metabolites in mammary veins were not different(P > 0.05) between groups.Accordingly,piglet performance and milk yield did not differ(P > 0.05) between groups.It would appear that activation of Notch signaling and adequate supply of glutamate might assist mammogenesis.Conclusions: Mammary cell proliferation and catabolism of adipose tissues in nutrition-restricted lactating sows were associated with extracellular high glutamate levels. | Heju Zhong Peng Wang Yumo Song Xiaoling Zhang Lianqiang Che Bin Feng Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Jian Li De Wu Qiaofeng Wu Zhengfeng Fang | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in soybean meal fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows显示文摘Background Two studies were designed to determine standard ileal crude protein(CP)and amino acid(AA)digestibility of soybean meal(SBM)from different origins fed to non-pregnant and pregnant sows.Seven solvent-extracted SBMs from soybeans produced in the USA,Brazil,and China were selected.In Exp.1,eight different diets were created:a nitrogen(N)-free diet and 7 experimental diets containing SBM from different origins as the only N source.Eight non-pregnant,multiparous sows were arranged in an 8×8 Latin square design(8 periods and 8 diets).In Exp.2,the diet formula was the same as in Exp.1.Eight gestating sows(parity 3)were assigned to 4 different diets in a replicated 4×3 Youden square design(three periods and four diets)in mid-gestation and again in late-gestation stages.Results When fed to non-pregnant and late-gestating sows,the standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of CP and most AAs from different SBM were not significantly different(P>0.05).When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SID values for Arg,His,Lys,Phe,Cys,Gly,Ser,and Tyr in SBM 1 were lower than in SBM 4 and 5(P<0.05),whereas SID for Leu from SBM 5 was higher than in SBM 1 and 4(P<0.05).SID values for Ile,Ala,and Asp from SBM 4 were lower than in SBM 1 and 5(P<0.05).Sows had significantly greater SID values for Lys,Ala,and Asp during mid-gestation when compared with late-gestation stages(P<0.05).Mid-gestating sows had greater SID value for Val and lower SID value for Tyr when compared with non-pregnant and late-gestating sows(P<0.01),whereas non-pregnant sows had significantly greater SID value for Met when compared with gestating sows(P<0.01).Conclusions When fed to mid-gestating sows,the SID values for most AAs varied among SBM samples.The SID values for Lys,Met,Val,Ala,Asp,and Tyr in SBM were affected by sow gestation stages.Our findings provide a cornerstone for accurate SBM use in sow diets. | Ke Wang Ya Wang Lei Guo Yong Zhuo Lun Hua Lianqiang Che Shengyu Xu Ruinan Zhang Jian Li Bin Feng Zhengfeng Fang Xuemei Jiang Yan Lin De Wu | 2024 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2024，15，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Screening of High Virulent Isolate of Beauveria spp. against Helicoverpa assulta and Changes in Protective Enzymes Activities of Infected Larvae显示文摘Eleven isolates of Beauveria spp., including B. bassiana(Bb062) newly isolated from Helicoverpa assulta, and other seven B. bassiana isolates and three B. brongniartii isolates that were originally isolated from different geographic origins and various hosts, were tested against the 3^(rd) instar larvae of H. assulta. The protective enzyme activity in the 3^(rd) larvae of H. assulta infected by highly virulent isolate was also assayed. The results showed that the isolate Bb062 had the highest virulence to the 3^(rd) instar larvae among eleven isolates of Beauveria spp., with a corrected mortality reaching 91.07% within 10 d post treatment, and the LT_(50) was 4.67 d. After inoculated with three concentrations(1.0 ×10~6, 1.0 ×10~7 and 1.0×10~8 conidia/mL) of Bb062 conidial suspension, the accumulative mortality of H. assulta larvae increased with the increase of concentration and observation time, and the LC_(50) was 1.82×10~7 conidia/mL. Activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) in H. assulta larvae first increased rapidly then dropped sharply within 72 h. Bb062 showed high virulence to H. assulta and could inhibit activities of protective enzymes. Therefore, it will be a promising biocontrol agent against H. assulta. | Zhang Guochao Liu Mingke Zhou Jianyun Chen Dexin Yan Fangfang Xu Chuangtao Jiang Lianqiang Li Maoye | 2019 | Plant Diseases and Pests2019，10，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Differential responses of weaned piglets to supplemental porcine or chicken plasma in diets without inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide显示文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effects of spray-dried porcine plasma protein(SDPP)or spray-dried chicken plasma protein(SDCP)supplementation in diets without the inclusion of antibiotics and zinc oxide(ZnO)on growth performance,fecal score,and fecal microbiota in early-weaned piglets.A total of 192 healthy weaning piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,21 d old)were blocked by BW(6.53±0.60 kg)and randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments:negative control(NC,basal diet),positive control(PC),basal diet+ZnO at 2 g/kg and antibiotics at 0.8 g/kg,SDPP(containing 5%SDPP),and SDCP(containing 5%SDCP).The experiment lasted 14 d.The SDPP group had higher(P<0.05)final BW,average daily gain and average daily feed intake than the NC and SDCP groups.The percentage of piglets with fecal scores at 2 or≥2 was higher(P<0.05)in the NC and SDCP groups than in the PC group.A decreased(P<0.05)bacterial alpha diversity and Bacteroidetes abundance,but increased(P<0.05)Firmicutes abundance were observed in the PC and SDPP groups when compared to the NC group.The relative abundance of Lactobacillus was higher(P<0.05)in the SDPP than in the SDCP group,and that of Streptococcus was higher(P<0.01)in the PC and SDPP groups than in the NC group.The PC group also had higher(P<0.01)Faecalibacterium abundance than the NC and SDCP groups.Additionally,the SDCP group had higher(P<0.05)serum urea nitrogen than those fed other diets,and lower(P<0.10)shortchain fatty acids to branched-chain fatty acids ratio than the PC and SDPP groups.Overall,SDPP was a promising animal protein for piglets in increasing feed intake,modifying gut microbiota profile,reducing gut protein fermentation and alleviating diarrhea frequency,thus promoting growth performance,under the conditions with limited in-feed utilization of antibiotics and ZnO. | Li Zhe Lunxiang Yang Sen Lin Fangyuan Chen Peng Wang Lourens Heres Yong Zhuo Jiayong Tang Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Xiaoling Zhang Xuemei Jiang Lingjie Huang Ruinan Zhang Lianqiang Che Gang Tian Bin Feng De Wu Zhengfeng Fang | 2021 | Animal Nutrition2021，，4： | 0 |
| 15 | Comparative effects of enzymatic soybean,fish meal and milk powder in diets on growth performance,immunological parameters,SCFAs production and gut microbiome of weaned piglets显示文摘Background:The objective of this study was to evaluate the replacement effects of milk powder(MK)and fish meal(FM)by enzymatic soybean(ESB)in diets on growth performance,immunological parameters,SCFAs production and gut microbiome of weaned piglets.Methods:A total of 128 piglets with initial body weight at 6.95±0.46 kg,were randomly assigned into 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates per treatment and 4 piglets per replicate for a period of 14 d.Piglets were offered isonitrogenous and iso-energetic diets as follows:CON diet with MK and FM as high quality protein sources,ESB plus FM diet with ESB replacing MK,ESB plus MK diet with ESB replacing FM,and ESB diet with ESB replacing both MK and FM.Results:No significant differences were observed in growth performance among all treatments(P>0.05).However,piglets fed ESB plus FM or ESB diet had increased diarrhea index(P<0.01),and lower digestibility of dry matter(DM),gross energy(GE)or crude protein(CP),relative to piglets fed CON diet(P<0.01).Moreover,the inclusion of ESB in diet markedly decreased the plasma concentration of HPT and fecal concentration of butyric acid(BA)(P<0.01).The High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene V3−V4 region of gut microbiome revealed that the inclusion of ESB in diet increased the alpha diversity,and the linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)showed that piglets fed with ESB plus FM or ESB diet contained more gut pathogenic bacteria,such as g_Peptococcus,g_Veillonella and g_Helicobacter.Conclusion:The inclusion of ESB in diet did not markedly affect growth performance of piglets,but the replacement of MK or both MK and FM by ESB increased diarrhea index,which could be associated with lower nutrients digestibility and more gut pathogenic bacteria.However,piglets fed diet using ESB to replace FM did not markedly affect gut health-related parameters,indicating the potential for replacing FM with ESB in weaning diet. | Yingjie Li Yang Liu Jiangnan Wu Qiuhong Chen Qiang Zhou Fali Wu Ruinan Zhang Zhengfeng Fang Yan Lin Shengyu Xu Bin Feng Yong Zhuo De Wu Lianqiang Che | 2022 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2022，13，2： | 0 |
| 16 | Maternal organic selenium supplementation during gestation enhances muscle fiber area and muscle fiber maturation of offspring in porcine model显示文摘Background:Organic selenium supplementation during gestation improves the antioxidant status and reproduc-tive performance of sows and increases the antioxidative capacity of the intestines of their offspring.This study was conducted to investigate the effect of maternal basel diet(control)supplemented with an organic Se,2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid(HMSeBA),or inorganic sodium selenite(Na_(2)SeO_(3))during gestation on the antioxidant status and development of muscle in newborn and weaned piglets.Newborn piglets before colostrum intake and weaned piglets were selected for longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle collection and analysis.Results:The results showed that maternal HMSeBA supplementation increased the muscle area and content of Se in the LD muscle of newborn piglets,improved gene expression of selenoproteins,and decreased oxidative status in the LD muscle of both newborn and weaned piglets compared with the control.The expression of muscle development-related genes of newborn piglets in the HMSeBA group was lower than in the control group,whereas the expression of MRF4 in weaned piglets was higher in the HMSeBA group than in the control and Na_(2)SeO_(3)groups.In addition,HMSeBA supplementation decreased the mRNA expressions of myosin heavy chains(MyHC)IIx and MyHC IIb and the percentage of MyHC IIb;increased the expression of PGC-1αin the LD muscle of newborn piglets;increased the gene expression of MyHC IIa;and decreased the protein expression of slow MyHC and the activity of malate dehydrogenase in the LD muscle of weaned piglets compared with the control group.Conclusions:Maternal HMSeBA supplementation during gestation can improve the antioxidative capacity of the muscle of their offspring and promote the maturity of muscle fibres in weaned offspring. | Yan Lin Hui Yan Lei Cao Daolin Mou Dajiang Ding Binting Qin Lianqiang Che Zhengfeng Fang Shengyu Xu Yong Zhuo Jian Li Jianping Wang Chao Huang Yuanfeng Zou Lixia Li De Wu Bin Feng | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，2： | 0 |
| 17 | Resource Characteristics and Sustainable Utilization Countermeasures of Polygonatum cirrhifolium , a Rare and Endangered Tibetan Medicinal Plant of Tibet Plateau显示文摘Polygonatum cirrhifolium is a rare and endangered Tibetan medicinal plant. In this paper,resource status of P. cirrhifolium from 13 counties of Tibet Plateau was investigated by combining field investigation with laboratory analysis,and sustainable utilization countermeasures were analyzed. Results showed that( 1) distribution area sequence of P. cirrhifolium in each county was Gongbo'gvamda County > Chayu County > Lang County > Milin County > Maizhokunggar County > Zuogong County > Mangkang County > Jiali County > Dingqing County > Duilongdeqing County > Baqing County = Suo County = Nimu County. Its total distribution area was 458 723. 81 hm2,and it was not distributed in Baqing County,Nimu County and Suo County.( 2) Average dry weight per plant of P. cirrhifolium medicinal part in each county had the bellow sequence: Duilongdeqing County > Gongbo'gvamda County > Maizhokunggar County > Zuogong County > Dingqing County > Lang County > Mangkang County > Milin County > Jiali County > Chayu County > Baqing County = Nimu County = Suo County,and it reached 46. 48 g/plant in Duilongdeqing County.(3) Biomass of P. cirrhifolium medicinal part in each county had the bellow sequence: Duilongdeqing County > Gongbo'gvamda County > Maizhokunggar County > Lang County > Dingqing County > Zuogong County > Jiali County > Mangkang County > Milin County >Chayu County > Nimu County = Suo County = Baqing County,and it reached 300. 52 kg/hm2 in Duilongdeqing County.(4) Reserve amount sequence of P. cirrhifolium in each county was Gongbo'gvamda County > Lang County > Maizhokunggar County > Chayu County > Zuogong County > Dingqing County > Milin County > Jiali County > Mangkang County > Duilongdeqing County > Baqing County = Nimu County = Suo County,and total reserve amount was 42 293. 96 t.(5) At medicinal function aspect,P. cirrhifolium is sweet,and has the effects of keeping fit,nourishing vitality,regenerating teeth and delaying senility.(6) For resource status of P. cirrhifolium,it is suggested establishing resource protection region and constructing germplasm resource bank; establishing plantation park and perfecting cultivation and planting techniques; deeply processing and extending industry chain of Tibetan medicine; updating concept and rationally developing and using. | Lu Jie Tang Xiaoqin Li Lianqiang Lan Xiaozhong | 2017 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2017，8，5： | 0 |
| 18 | Preparation of HNS microspheres by rapid membrane emulsification显示文摘In order to improve the dispersibility and loading efficiency of 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene(HNS),HNS microspheres were prepared by rapid membrane emulsification method with nitrocellulose(NC)as binder.The effects of NC solution concentration,stirring speed and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)solution concentration on microspheres were investigated.It was characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM),X-ray diffractometer(XRD),differential thermal analysis(DTA)and angle of repose analyzer.The results show that the HNS microspheres prepared with 5 wt%NC solution concentration,stirring speed of 100 rpm and 2 wt%PVA solution concentration have better regular morphology,higher sphericity,unchanged crystalline shape,increased activation energy and significantly improved dispersibility compared with the refined HNS.Rapid membrane emulsification has a series of advantages such as green,low cost and easy scale up,which provides a better way to prepare microspheres of energy materials. | Hongbiao Huo Baoyun Ye Yuhuai Shi Chenhe Feng Jiechao Wang Minjie Li Jiake Fan Lianqiang Li Jingyu Wang Chongwei An | 2023 | Particuology2023，，8： | 0 |
| 19 | Increased maternal consumption of methionine as its hydroxyl analog promoted neonatal intestinal growth without compromising maternal energy homeostasis显示文摘Background: To determine responses of neonatal intestine to maternal increased consumption of DL-methionine(DLM) or DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid(HMTBA), eighteen primiparous sows(Landrace × Yorkshire) were allocated based on body weight and backfat thickness to the control, DLM and HMTBA groups(n = 6), with the nutritional treatments introduced from postpartum d0 to d14.Results: The DLM-fed sows showed negative energy balance manifested by lost bodyweight, lower plasma glucose, subdued tricarboxylic acid cycle, and increased plasma lipid metabolites levels. Both villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth averaged across the small intestine of piglets were higher in the DLM and HMTBA groups than in the control group. Piglet jejunal oxidized glutathione concentration and ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione were lower in the HMTBA group than in the DLM and control groups. However, piglet jejunal aminopeptidase A, carnitine transporter 2 and IGF-II precursor m RNA abundances were higher in the DLM group than in the HMTBA and control groups.Conclusion: Increasing maternal consumption of methionine as DLM and HMTBA promoted neonatal intestinal growth by increasing morphological development or up-regulating expression of genes responsible for nutrient metabolism. And increasing maternal consumption of HMTBA promoted neonatal intestinal antioxidant capacity without compromising maternal energy homeostasis during early lactation. | Heju Zhong Hao Li Guangmang Liu Haifeng Wan Yves Mercier Xiaoling Zhang Yan Lin Lianqiang Che Shengyu Xu Li Tang Gang Tian Daiwen Chen De Wu Zhengfeng Fang | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，1： | 0 |
| 20 | A new method on diagnostics of muons produced by a short pulse laser显示文摘Muons produced by a short pulse laser can serve as a new type of muon source having potential advantages of high intensity, small source emittance, short pulse duration and low cost. To validate it in experiments, a suitable muon diagnostics system is needed since high muon flux generated by a short pulse laser shot is always accompanied by high radiation background, which is quite different from cases in general muon researches. A detection system is proposed to distinguish muon signals from radiation background by measuring the muon lifetime. It is based on the scintillator detector with water and lead shields, in which water is used to adjust energies of muons stopped in the scintillator and lead to against radiation background. A Geant 4 simulation on the performance of the detection system shows that efficiency up to 52% could be arrived for low-energy muons around 200 MeV and this efficiency decreases to 14% for high-energy muons above 1000 MeV. The simulation also shows that the muon lifetime can be derived properly by measuring attenuation of the scintilla light of electrons from muon decays inside the scintillator detector. | Feng Zhang Boyuan Li Lianqiang Shan Bo Zhang Wei Hong Yuqiu Gu | 2017 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2017，5，3： | 0 |
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