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| 1 | Atomic force microscopy imaging and mechanical properties measurement of red blood cells and aggressive cancer cells显示文摘Mechanical properties play an important role in regulating cellular activities and are critical for unlocking the mysteries of life. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables researchers to measure mechanical properties of single living cells under physiological conditions. Here, AFM was used to investigate the topography and mechanical properties of red blood cells (RBCs) and three types of aggressive cancer cells (Burkitt's lymphoma Raji, cutaneous lymphoma Hut, and chronic myeloid leukemia K562). The surface topography of the RBCs and the three cancer cells was mapped with a conventional AFM probe, while mechanical properties were investigated with a microsphere glued onto a tip-less cantilever. The diameters of RBCs are significantly smaller than those of the cancer cells, and mechanical measurements indicated that Young's modulus of RBCs is smaller than those of the cancer cells. Aggressive cancer cells have a lower Young's modulus than that of indolent cancer cells, which may improve our understanding of metastasis. | LI Mi LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao DONG ZaiLi XIAO XiuBin ZHANG WeiJing | 2012 | Science China(Life Sciences)2012，55，11： | 16 |
| 2 | Development and Future Challenges of Bio-Syncretic Robots显示文摘 | Chuang Zhang Wenxue Wang Ning Xi Yuechao Wang Lianqing Liu | 2018 | Engineering2018，4，4： | 10 |
| 3 | Research progress in quantifying the mechanical properties of single living cells using atomic force microscopy显示文摘The advent of atomic force microscopy(AFM)provides a powerful tool for investigating the behaviors of single living cells under near physiological conditions.Besides acquiring the images of cellular ultra-microstructures with nanometer resolution,the most remarkable advances are achieved on the use of AFM indenting technique to quantify the mechanical properties of single living cells.By indenting single living cells with AFM tip,we can obtain the mechanical properties of cells and monitor their dynamic changes during the biological processes(e.g.,after the stimulation of drugs).AFM indentation-based mechanical analysis of single cells provides a novel approach to characterize the behaviors of cells from the perspective of biomechanics,considerably complementing the traditional biological experimental methods.Now,AFM indentation technique has been widely used in the life sciences,yielding a large amount of novel information that is meaningful to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms that govern the cellular biological functions.Here,based on the authors’own researches on AFM measurement of cellular mechanical properties,the principle and method of AFM indentation technique was presented,the recent progress of measuring the cellular mechanical properties using AFM was summarized,and the challenges of AFM single-cell nanomechanical analysis were discussed. | Mi Li Lianqing Liu Ning Xi Yuechao Wang | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，31： | 8 |
| 4 | Advances in atomic force microscopy for single-cell analysis显示文摘Single-cell analysis has been considered as a promising way to uncover the underlying mechanisms guiding the mysteries of life activities, which con siderably complements traditio nal en semble assays and yields novel in sights into cell biology. The adve nt of atomic force microscopy (AFM) provides a potent tool for investigati ng the structures and properties of n ative biological samples at the micro/na no scale un der near-physiological conditions, which promotes the studies of single-cell behaviors. In the past decades, AFM has achieved great success in single-cell observation and manipulation for biomedical applications, demonstrating the excellent capabilities of AFM in addressing biological issues at the single-cell level with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. In this article, we review the recent advances in single-cell analysis that has been made with the utilization of AFM, and provide perspectives for future progression. | Mi Li Ning Xi Yuechao Wang Lianqing Liu | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，4： | 8 |
| 5 | Development of micro-and nanorobotics: A review显示文摘Micro-and nanorobotic is an emerging field of research arising from the cross-fusion of micro/nano technology and robotics and has become an important part of robotics. Micro-and nanorobots have the advantages of small size, low weight, large thrust-toweight ratio, high flexibility, and high sensitivity. Due to the characteristics distinguishing from macroscopic robots, micro-and nanorobots have stimulated the research interest of the scientific community and opened up numerous application fields such as drug delivery and disease diagnosis. In the past 30 years, research on micro-and nanorobots has made considerable progress.This article provides a comprehensive overview of the development of these robots. First, the application of the robots is reviewed. Then, the key components of the robots are discussed separately, covering their actuation, design, fabrication and control. In addition, from the perspectives of intelligence and sensing, clinical applications, materials and performance, the challenges that may be encountered in the development of such robots in the future are discussed. Finally, the entire article is summarized, and concepts for future micro-and nanorobots are described. | YANG Jia ZHANG Chuang WANG XiaoDong WANG WenXue XI Ning LIU LianQing | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Progress in measuring biophysical properties of membrane proteins with AFM single-molecule force spectroscopy显示文摘Membrane proteins are crucial in cell physiological activities and are the targets for most drugs.Thus,investigating the behaviors of membrane proteins not only provide deeper insights into cell function,but also help disease treatment and drug development.Atomic force microscopy is a unique tool for investigating the structure of membrane proteins.It can both image the morphology of single native membrane proteins with high resolution and,via single-molecule force spectroscopy(SMFS),directly measure their biophysical properties during molecular physiological activities such as ligand binding and protein unfolding.In the context of molecular biomechanics,SMFS has been successfully used to understand the structure and function of membrane proteins,complementing the static three-dimensional structures of proteins obtained by X-ray crystallography.Here,based on the authors’antigen-antibody binding force measurements in clinical tumor cells,the principle and method of SMFS is discussed,the progress in using SMFS to characterize membrane proteins is summarized,and challenges for SMFS are presented. | Mi Li Lianqing Liu Ning Xi Yuechao Wang | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，22： | 7 |
| 7 | Atomic force microscopy studies on cellular elastic and viscoelastic properties显示文摘In this work, a method based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) approach-reside-retract experiments was established to simultaneously quantify the elastic and viscoelastic properties of single cells. First, the elastic and viscoelastic properties of normal breast cells and cancerous breast cells were measured, showing significant differences in Young’s modulus and relaxation times between normal and cancerous breast cells. Remarkable differences in cellular topography between normal and cancerous breast cells were also revealed by AFM imaging. Next, the elastic and viscoelasitc properties of three other types of cell lines and primary normal B lymphocytes were measured; results demonstrated the potential of cellular viscoelastic properties in complementing cellular Young’s modulus for discerning different states of cells. This research provides a novel way to quantify the mechanical properties of cells by AFM, which allows investigation of the biomechanical behaviors of single cells from multiple aspects. | Mi Li Lianqing Liu Ning Xi Yuechao Wang | 2018 | Science China(Life Sciences)2018，61，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Mapping CD20 molecules on the lymphoma cell surface using atomic force microscopy显示文摘Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to locate CD20 molecules on the surface of lymphoma Raji cells. Rituximab (a monoclonal antibody against CD20) molecules were linked onto the AFM tip via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker. Raji cells were adsorbed onto glass slides coated with poly-L-lysine. First, the CD20 distribution in a local area of the cell surface was visualized using the AFM lift scan mode. Second, 16 × 16 force curves were obtained from the same cell area to construct the CD20-rituximab binding force map. Finally, free rituximab was added to block the CD20 molecules on the cell surface and the lift phase image and CD20-rituximab force map were obtained again. The experimental results indicated that when the lift height was greater than the length of the PEG linker, no recognition sites were observed in the lift phase image. However, as the lift height decreased to the length of the PEG linker, some recognition sites were observed in the lift phase image and these sites were generally consistent with the pixels in the force map. After blocking, both the recognition sites in the lift phase image and the gray pixels in the binding force map decreased markedly. These results can improve our understanding of the distribution of protein molecules on the cell surface and facilitate further investigations into cellular functions. | LI Mi LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao DONG ZaiLi XIAO XiuBin ZHANG WeiJing | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，13： | 6 |
| 9 | Atomic force microscopy imaging of live mammalian cells显示文摘Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to examine the morphology of live mammalian adherent and suspended cells. Time-lapse AFM was used to record the locomotion dynamics of MCF-7 and Neuro-2a cells. When a MCF-7 cell retracted, many small sawtooth-like filopodia formed and reorganized, and the thickness of cellular lamellipodium increased as the retraction progressed. In elongated Neuro-2a cells, the cytoskeleton reorganized from an irregular to a parallel, linear morphology. Suspended mammalian cells were immobilized by method combining polydimethylsiloxane-fabricated wells with poly-L-lysine electrostatic adsorption. In this way, the morphology of a single live lymphoma cell was imaged by AFM. The experimental results can improve our understanding of cell locomotion and may lead to improved immobilization strategies. | LI Mi LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao DONG ZaiLi XIAO XiuBin ZHANG WeiJing | 2013 | Science China(Life Sciences)2013，56，9： | 6 |
| 10 | Progress of graphene growth on copper by chemical vapor deposition:Growth behavior and controlled synthesis显示文摘Recently,chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper has been becoming a main method for preparing large-area and highquality monolayer graphene.In this paper,we first briefly introduce the preliminary understanding of the microstructure and growth behavior of graphene on copper,and then focus on the recent progress on the quality improvement,number of layers control and transfer-free growth of graphene.In the end,we attempt to analyze the possible development of CVD growth of graphene in future,including the controlled growth of large-size single-crystal graphene and bilayer graphene with different stacking orders. | MA LaiPeng REN WenCai DONG ZaiLi LIU LianQing CHENG HuiMing | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，23： | 6 |
| 11 | Progress of AFM single-cell and single-molecule morphology imaging显示文摘Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can probe single living cells and single native membrane proteins in natural fluid environments with label-free high spatial resolution. It has thus become an important tool for cellular and molecular biology that significantly complements traditional biochemical and biophysical techniques such as optical and electron microscopy and X-ray crystallog-raphy. Imaging surface topography is the primary application of AFM in the life sciences. Since the early 1990s, researchers have used AFM to investigate morphological features of living cells and native membrane proteins with impressive results. Steady improvements in AFM techniques for imaging soft biological samples have greatly expanded its applications. Based on the authors' own research in AFM imaging of living cell morphologies, a review of sample preparation procedures for single-cell and single-molecule imaging experiments is presented, along with a summary of recent progress in AFM imaging of living cells and native membrane proteins. Finally, the challenges of AFM high-resolution imaging at the single-cell and single-molecule levels are discussed. | LI Mi LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao DONG ZaiLi XIAO XiuBin ZHANG WeiJing | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，26： | 5 |
| 12 | Effects of temperature and cellular interactions on the mechanics and morphology of human cancer cells investigated by atomic force microscopy显示文摘Cell mechanics plays an important role in cellular physiological activities. Recent studies have shown that cellular mechanical properties are novel biomarkers for indicating the cell states. In this article, temperature-controllable atomic force microscopy(AFM) was applied to quantitatively investigate the effects of temperature and cellular interactions on the mechanics and morphology of human cancer cells. First, AFM indenting experiments were performed on six types of human cells to investigate the changes of cellular Young's modulus at different temperatures and the results showed that the mechanical responses to the changes of temperature were variable for different types of cancer cells. Second, AFM imaging experiments were performed to observe the morphological changes in living cells at different temperatures and the results showed the significant changes of cell morphology caused by the alterations of temperature. Finally, by co-culturing human cancer cells with human immune cells, the mechanical and morphological changes in cancer cells were investigated. The results showed that the co-culture of cancer cells and immune cells could cause the distinct mechanical changes in cancer cells, but no significant morphological differences were observed. The experimental results improved our understanding of the effects of temperature and cellular interactions on the mechanics and morphology of cancer cells. | LI Mi LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao XIAO XiuBin ZHANG WeiJing | 2015 | Science China(Life Sciences)2015，58，9： | 5 |
| 13 | Fabrication and characteristic detection of graphene nanoelectrodes显示文摘Graphene has the advantages of high electrical conductivity,high heat conductivity,and low noise,which makes it a potential option for integrated circuits interconnection and nanoelectrodes.In this paper,we present a novel fabrication method for graphene nanoeletrodes with nanogap.First,graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition(CVD)is assembled to a chip with microelectrodes.Second,an atomic force microscopy(AFM)based mechanical cutting method is developed to cut the graphene into nanoribbons and nanoeletrodes with nanogap.Then the electronic property of a single nanodot is characterized using the garphene nanoelectrodes,demonstrating the effectiveness of the graphene nanoelectrodes.The fabricated graphene nanoeletrode pairs can be used as probes to detect single molecule in micro-environment,and show an attractive prospect for future molecular electronics applications. | XIE ShuangXi LIU ZengLei JIAO NianDong TUNG Steve LIU LianQing | 2014 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2014，57，10： | 4 |
| 14 | Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain显示文摘 | Afeng Zhang Yuming Liu Genxing Pan Qaiser Hussain Lianqing Li Jinwei Zheng Xuhui Zhang | 2012 | Plant and Soil (-)2012，，1： | 4 |
| 15 | Friction anisotropy dependence on lattice orientation of graphene显示文摘The observation of friction anisotropy on graphene by friction measurement at atomic scale has been reported in this paper.Atomic-scale friction measurement revealed friction anisotropy with a periodicity of 60°,which is consistent with the hexagonal periodicity of the graphene.Both experiments and theory show that the value of the friction force is related to the graphene lattice orientation,and the friction force along armchair orientation is also larger than the one along zigzag orientation.These results will play a critical role in the use of graphene to manufacture nanoscale devices. | ZHANG Yu LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao DONG ZaiLi WEJINYA Uchechukwu C | 2014 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2014，57，4： | 4 |
| 16 | Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensors Used in Coal Mines显示文摘纤维布拉格栅栏(FBG ) 紧张传感器被用于在在 Dongtan 矿沿着号码 3203 煤采矿脸的废矿保留的网关的衬里的墙的压力变化的联机监视。结果证明有宽测量范围的 FBG 紧张传感器能在沿着废矿保留的网关的支持过程期间精确地测量压力变化并且能提供基础进一步优化支持结构并且决定沿着废矿保留的网关的支持计划。FBG 微地震的传感器在 Xinglong 矿被使用检测微地震的信号。信号受到欢迎并且分析了决定地点和微地震的事件警告的来源的精力水平。FBG 传感器和检测系统为微地震的察觉和地质的灾难察觉显示出一个重要潜力。 | Jinyu WANG Tongyu LIU Guangdong SONG Hongjing XIE Lianqing LI Xiaolin DENG Zhijie GONG | 2014 | Photonic Sensors2014，4，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Detecting CD20-Rituximab interaction forces using AFM single-molecule force spectroscopy显示文摘The invention of atomic force microscopy(AFM) has provided new technology for measuring specific molecular interaction forces.Using AFM single-molecule force spectroscopy(SMFS) techniques,CD20-Rimximab rupture forces were measured on purified CD20 proteins,Raji cells,and lymphoma patient B cells.Rimximab molecules were linked onto AFM tips using AFM probe functionalization technology,and purified CD20 proteins were attached to mica using substrate functionalization technology.Raji cells(a lymphoma cell line) or lymphoma patient cells were immobilized on a glass substrate via electrostatic adsorption and chemical fixation.The topography of the purified CD20 proteins,Raji cells,and patient lymphoma cells was visualized using AFM imaging and the differences in the rupture forces were analyzed and measured.The results showed that the rupture forces between the CD20 proteins on Raji cells and Rituximab were markedly smaller than those for purified CD20 proteins and CD20 proteins on lymphoma patient B cells.These findings provide an effective experimental method for investigating the mechanisms underlying the variable efficacy of Rituximab. | LI Mi LIU LianQing XI Ning WANG YueChao DONG ZaiLi LI GuangYong XIAO XiuBin ZHANG WeiJing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，35： | 3 |
| 18 | Performance enhancement of paper-based SERS chips by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy显示文摘Paper-based flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) chips have been demonstrated to have great potential for future practical applications in point-of-care testing(POCT) due to the potentials of massive fabrication, low cost, efficient sample collection and short signal acquisition time. In this work,common filter paper and Ag@Si O2 core-shell nanoparticles(NP) have been utilized to fabricate SERS chips based on shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SHINERS). The SERS performance of the chips for POCT applications was systematically investigated. We used crystal violet as the model molecule to study the influence of the size of the Ag core and the thickness of the Si O2 coating layer on the SERS activity and then the morphology optimized Ag@Si O2 core-shell NPs was employed to detect thiram. By utilizing the smartphone as a miniaturized Raman spectral analyzer, high SERS sensitivity of thiram with a detection limit of 10^-9 M was obtained. The study on the stability of the SERS chips shows that a Si O2 shell of 3 nm can effectively protect the as-prepared SERS chips against oxidation in ambient atmosphere without seriously weakening the SERS sensitivity. Our results indicated that the SERS chips by SHINERS had great potential of practical application, such as pesticide residues detection in POCT. | Mingze Sun Binghan Li Xiaojia Liu Jiayin Chen Taotao Mu Lianqing Zhu Jinhong Guo Xing Ma | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，10： | 3 |
| 19 | Effect of biochar amendment on maize yield and greenhouse gas emissions from a soil organic carbon poor calcareous loamy soil from Central China Plain显示文摘 | Afeng Zhang Yuming Liu Genxing Pan Qaiser Hussain Lianqing Li Jinwei Zheng Xuhui Zhang | 2012 | Plant and Soil2012，，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Ginsenoside Rb1 prevents high glucose-induced Schwann cell injury through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on high glucose-induced neurotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanism in primary cultured Schwann cells(SCs).METHODS: Cultured SCs were divided into six groups that received(a) normal glucose,(b) osmotic control,(c) high glucose,(d) high glucose plus 1μM ginsenoside Rb1,(e) high glucose plus 10 μM ginsenoside Rb1, or(f) high glucose plus 100 μM alpha lipoic acid(ALA). Intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation and mitochondrial transmembrane potential(ΔΨm) were detected by flow cytometric analyses. Apoptosis was confirmed by the annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide(PI) method,and the concentration of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine(8-OHd G) was detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression levels of important transcription factors such as cytochrome c, bcl-2, bax, activated caspase-3, and activated poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP).RESULTS: Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibited high glucose-induced oxidative stress by decreasing ROS and 8-OHd G levels as well as mitochondrial depolarization in SCs. 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide and annexin V-FITC/PI assays showed that incubating SCs with high glucose decreased cell viability and increased the number of apoptotic cells, whereas treatment with ginsenoside Rb1 protected SCs against high glucose-induced cell damage. Furthermore, ginsenoside Rb1 down-regulated the expression of high glucose-induced bax and cytochrome c release but up-regulated bcl-2 expression. In addition, ginsenoside Rb1 attenuated high glucose-induced activation of caspase-3 and minimized cleavage of PARP in SCs.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ginsenoside Rb1 antagonizes high glucose-induced oxidative stress and activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in SCs. | Li Xiaogang Zhang Zhe Wang Rui Xia Xinxin Liu Yonghui Sun Lianqing | 2017 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2017，37，6： | 3 |
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