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| 1 | Role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in acute pancreatitis显示文摘Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a useful tool in the evaluation and management of acute pancreatitis. This review will focus on the role of ERCP in specific causes of acute pancreatitis, including microlithiasis and gallstone disease, pancreas divisum, Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, tumors of the pancreaticobiliary tract, pancreatic pseudocysts, and pancreatic duct injury. Indications for endoscopic techniques such as biliary and pancreatic sphincterotomy, stenting, stricture dilation, treatment of duct leaks, drainage of fluid collections and stone extraction will also be discussed in this review. With the advent of less invasive and safer diagnostic modalities including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), ERCP is appropriately becoming a therapeutic rather than diagnostic tool in the management of acute pancreatitis and its complications. | Karen R Canlas Malcolm S Branch | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，47： | 48 |
| 2 | Human fetal mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into brown and white adipocytes: a role for ERRα in human UCP1 expression显示文摘我们调查了胎儿的间充质的干细胞(fMSCs ) 的能力区分进棕色、白的 adipocytes 并且比较了很多标记基因和关键规章的因素的表示。我们证明关键 adipocyte 管理者和标记的表示在另外的人、鼠科的 adipocyte 模型在区别期间类似于那,包括 PPAR 纬 2 和 FABP4 的正式就职。尤其是,我们发现 preadipocyte 标记, Pref-1,当这个过程继续,显著地在区别然后衰落早被导致,当他们承诺 adipogenic 系,建议 fMSCs 首先获得 preadipocyte 特征,在他们进成熟 adipocytes 的区别以前。在 adipogenic 正式就职以后,某干细胞孤立区分了进类似于棕色的 adipocytes 和其它进白 adipocytes 的房间。一个的详细调查孤立证明新奇棕色的胖决定的因素 PRDM16 在区别前后两个都被表示。重要地,展出的这些房间提高了基础 UCP-1 表示,它依赖于孤儿的活动原子受体犯错伪,加亮一个新奇角色为犯错在人的棕色的脂肪的伪。因此 fMSCs 代表一在 vitro 有用为人的 adipogenesis 当模特儿,并且提供机会在对 adipocyte 系的承诺以前学习阶段。他们也提供无价的卓见进人的棕色的脂肪的特征。 | Daniel L Morganstein Pensee Wu Meritxell R Mane Nick M Fisk Roger White Malcolm G Parker | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，4： | 5 |
| 3 | FK506对实验性卒中疗效的系统评价和Meta分析显示文摘FK506是治疗急性卒中的一种候选用药。决定一种药物是否可以用于临床试验,应当以全面的、无偏倚的动物实验数据的评估为依据,同时还应考虑到这些数据的局限性。这种评估不但应包括药物疗效,而且也应包括药效在体内的特征和局限性。本研究应用系统评价和Meta分析的方法对FK506在卒中动物模型中保护作用的证据进行评价。总共纳入了29个描述了实验步骤的研究,包括1759只动物。结果显示,FK506疗效的点估计值(结局指标的改善)是31.3%[95%CI(0.272-0.354)]。在采用氯胺酮麻醉和短暂性脑缺血的动物实验中,FK506的疗效更高,在使用大鼠,合并其他疾病的动物及仅以梗死面积为疗效指标的实验中,FK506疗效较低。已发表的实验研究质量均接近临床试验标准,但在高质量的研究中,FK506的疗效较低。FK506在实验性脑卒中的研究中,虽然显示出有明显的疗效,但是应注意由于研究质量和可能的发表偏倚等冈素的影响,FK506的疗效可能被过高估计。 | Malcolm R Macleod Tori O’Collins Laura L Horky David W Howells Geoffrey A Donnan 段建钢 | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，6： | 3 |
| 4 | Long-term effect of aspirin on cancer risk in carriers of hereditary colorectal cancer: an analysis from the CAPP2 randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | John Burn Anne-Marie Gerdes Finlay Macrae Jukka-Pekka Mecklin Gabriela Moeslein Sylviane Olschwang Diane Eccles D Gareth Evans Eamonn R Maher Lucio Bertario Marie-Luise Bisgaard Malcolm G Dunlop Judy WC Ho Shirley V Hodgson Annika Lindblom Jan Lubinski Pa | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9809： | 3 |
| 5 | 多重结局的多元Meta分析和多重治疗的网状Meta分析:原理、概念及实例显示文摘英国国家健康与临床优选研究所(NICE)等组织需要对现有研究获得的证据进行整合来指导决策,需要确定关于多重疗效及安全性结局的最佳治疗。但是,相关的研究不一定对所有关注的治疗或结局都进行了直接比较,多元Meta分析及网状Meta分析为如何确定最佳治疗这一问题提供了思路,该方法不仅考虑了直接证据,还利用了关联或间接的证据。本文中,研究者描述了这些方法学的重要概念及假设,并阐述关联及间接证据如何产生,同时通过图表说明这些证据在涉及多重结局和多重治疗的真实临床案例中如何使用。 | Richard D Riley Dan Jackson Georgia Salanti Danielle L Burke Malcolm Price Jamie Kirkham Ian R White 孙至佳(译) 张岩(译) 刘雪晴(译) 杨智荣(校) 孙凤(校) | 2018 | 英国医学杂志中文版2018，21，12： | 2 |
| 6 | Hepatitis E: an emerging infection in developed countries显示文摘 | Harry R Dalton Richard Bendall Samreen Ijaz Malcolm Banks | 2008 | The Lancet Infectious Diseases2008，，11： | 2 |
| 7 | CD133 as a biomarker for putative cancer stem cells in solid tumours: limitations, problems and challenges显示文摘 | Philipp Grosse‐Gehling Christine A Fargeas Claudia Dittfeld Yvette Garbe Malcolm R Alison Denis Corbeil Leoni A Kunz‐Schughart | 2012 | J. Pathol2012，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Physiological modeling of cyclosprin kinetics in rat and man显示文摘 | Alberto B Malcolm R | 1991 | J Pharmacokin Biopharm1991，19，1： | 1 |
| 9 | The use of the holmium laser in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia显示文摘 | Gilling P J Cass C B Malcolm A R | 1998 | Urology1998，51，： | 1 |
| 10 | Preparative isolation of aquatic humic substances显示文摘 | Thurman E M Malcolm R L | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 11 | Preparation of enantiomerically pure fructose-derived 1, 3-oxazin-2-one by INIR methodology and its application as a chiral auxiliary in some model asymmetric reactions显示文摘 | MALCOLM R B CADOGAN J I G IAN G | 1998 | Tetrahedron1998，54，33： | 1 |
| 12 | Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids显示文摘 | CHIOU C T MALCOLM R L BRINTON T I | 1986 | Environmental Science Technology1986，20，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Chlorination of humicmaterials: byproduct formation and chemical interpretations 显示文摘 | Reckhow D A Singer P C Malcolm R L | 1990 | Environmental Science and Technology1990，24，： | 1 |
| 14 | Pilot study of a novel serum mRNA gene panel for diagnosis of acute septic arthritis显示文摘BACKGROUND Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency requiring immediate surgical intervention.Current diagnostic standard of care is an invasive joint aspiration.Aspirations provide information about the inflammatory cells in the sample within a few hours,but there is often ambiguity about whether the source is infectious(e.g.bacterial)or non-infectious(e.g.gout).Cultures can take days to result,so decisions about surgery are often made with incomplete data.Novel diagnostics are thus needed.The“Sepsis MetaScore”(SMS)is an 11-mRNA host immune blood signature that can distinguish between infectious and noninfectious acute inflammation.It has been validated in multiple cohorts across heterogeneous clinical settings.AIM To study whether the SMS holds diagnostic validity in determining the etiology of acute arthritis.METHODS We conducted a blinded,prospective,non-interventional clinical study of the SMS.All patients undergoing work-up for a septic primary joint were enrolled.Patients proceeded through the normal standard-of-care pathway,including joint aspiration and inflammatory labs[white blood cell(WBC),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP)].Venous blood was also drawn into PAX gene RNA-stabilizing tubes and mRNAs were measured using Nano String nCounter?.SMS was calculated blinded to clinical results.RESULTS A total of 20 samples were included,of which 11 were infected based on aspiration or intra-operative cultures.The SMS had an area under the ROC curve(AUROC)of 0.87 for separating infectious from non-infectious conditions.For comparison,the AUROCs for ESR=0.58,CRP=0.6,and WBC=0.59.At 100%sensitivity for infection,the specificity of the SMS was 40%,meaning nearly half of non-septic patients could have been ruled out for further intervention.CONCLUSION In this pilot study,SMS showed a high level of diagnostic accuracy in predicting septic joints compared to other diagnostic biomarkers.This quick blood test could be an important tool for early,accurate identification of acute septic joints and need for emergent surgery,improving clinical care and healthcare spending. | Blake J Schultz Timothy Sweeney Malcolm R DeBaun Melissa Remmel Uros Midic Purvesh Khatri Michael J Gardner | 2019 | World Journal of Orthopedics2019，10，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Comparison of XAD macroporous resins for the concentration of fulvic acid from aqueous solution显示文摘 | Aiken G R Thurman E M Malcolm R L | 1979 | Analytical Chemistry1979，51，11： | 1 |
| 16 | A placebo-controlled trial of buspirone in anxious in putient alcoholics显示文摘 | Malcolm R Anton RF Randall CL Thevos A | 1992 | Alcohol Clin Exp Res1992，16，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Combination holmium and Nd:YAG laser ablation of the prostate:initial clinical experience显示文摘 | Gilling P J Cass C B Malcolm A R | 1995 | J Endcurol1995，9，： | 1 |
| 18 | Reliability and validity of the BTE Primus grip tool 显示文摘 | Schechtman O Davenport R Malcolm M | 2003 | J Hand Ther2003，16，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Chlorination of humic materials: Byproduct formation and chemical interpretations显示文摘 | Reckhow D A Singer P C Malcolm R L | 1990 | Environmental Science & Technology1990，24，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Insect community composition and trophic guild structure in decaying logs from eastern Canadian pine-dominated forests 显示文摘 | Vanderwel M C Malcolm V J R Smith S M | 2006 | Forest Ecology and Management2006，225，13： | 1 |
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