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| 1 | Outcomes of robotic vs laparoscopic hepatectomy:A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To perform a systematic review and metaanalysis on robotic-assisted vs laparoscopic liver resections.METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using Pub Med, Scopus and the Cochrane Library Central. Participants of any age and sex, who underwent robotic or laparoscopic liver resection were considered following these criteria:(1) studies comparing robotic and laparoscopic liver resection;(2) studies reporting at least one perioperative outcome; and(3) if more than one study was reported by the same institute, only the most recent was included. The primary outcome measures were set for estimated blood loss, operative time, conversion rate, R1 resection rate, morbidity and mortality rates, hospital stay and major hepatectomy rates.RESULTS: A total of 7 articles, published between 2010 and 2014, fulfilled the selection criteria. The laparoscopic approach was associated with a significant reduction in blood loss and lower operative time(MD = 83.96, 95%CI: 10.51-157.41, P = 0.03; MD = 68.43, 95%CI: 39.22-97.65, P < 0.00001, respectively). No differences were found with respect to conversion rate, R1 resection rate, morbidity and hospital stay.CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic liver resection resulted in reduced blood loss and shorter surgical times compared to robotic liver resections. There was no difference in conversion rate, R1 resection rate, morbidity and length of postoperative stay. | Roberto Montalti Giammauro Berardi Alberto Patriti Marco Vivarelli Roberto Ivan Troisi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，27： | 22 |
| 2 | Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis:Strategies to avoid tumor recurrence显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most frequent neoplasms worldwide and in most cases it is associated with chronic liver disease.Liver transplantation(LT) is potentially the optimal treatment for those patients with HCC who have a poor functional hepatic reserve due to their underlying chronic liver disease.However,due to the limited availability of donors,only those patients whose oncologic profile is favorable can be considered for LT.Despite the careful selection of candidates based on strict rules,10 to 20%of liver transplant recipients who have HCC in the native cirrhotic liver develop tumor recurrence after transplantation.The selection criteria presently employed to minimize the risk of recurrence are based on gross tumor characteristics defined by imaging techniques;unfortunately,the accuracy of imaging is far from being optimal.Furthermore,microscopic tumor features that are strictly linked with prognosis can not be assessed prior to transplantation.Pre-transplantation tumor downstaging may allow transplantation in patients initially outside the selection criteria and seems to improve the prognosis;it also provides information on tumor biology.Themain peculiarity of the transplantation setting,when this is compared with other modalities of treatment,is the need for pharmacological immunosuppression:this is based on drugs that have been demonstrated to increase the risk of tumor development.As HCC is an aggressive malignancy,immunosuppression has to be handled carefully in patients who have HCC at the time of transplantation and new categories of immunosuppressive agents should be considered.Adjuvant chemotherapy following transplantation has failed to show any significant advantage.The aim of the present study is to review the possible strategies to avoid recurrence of HCC after liver transplantation based on the current clinical evidence and the more recent developments and to discuss possible future directions. | Marco Vivarelli Andrea Risaliti | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，43： | 14 |
| 3 | Doxorubicin-eluting bead vs conventional transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation显示文摘AIM:To assess the possible effect of two different types of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)on recurrence-free survival after liver transplantation(LT)in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and to analyze the effects of TACE on tumor histology.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed the histological features of 130 HCC nodules in 63 native livers removed at transplantation.Patients who received any other type of treatment such as radiofrequency tumor ablation,percutaneous ethanol ablation or who were not treated at all were excluded.All patients in the present study were within the Milan Criteria at the last imaging findings before transplantation.Doxorubicineluting bead TACE(DEB-TACE)was performed in 22patients(38 nodules),and conventional TACE(c-TACE)in 16(25 nodules).Patients’and tumors’characteristics were retrospectively reviewed.We performed a pernodule analysis of the explanted livers to establish the mean percentage of necrosis of any nodule treated by TACE(conventional or DEB)and a per-patient analysis to establish the percentage of necrosis in the cumulative tumor area,including 21 nodules not reached by TACE.Inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the tissue surrounding the tumor nodule were analyzed and categorized as poor/absent,moderate and enhanced reaction.Uni-and multivariate analysis of risk factors for HCC-recurrence were performed.RESULTS:The number and diameter of the nodules,the time spent on the waiting list and the number of treatments were similar in the two groups.A trend towards higher appropriate response rates(necrosis≥90%)was observed in the DEB-TACE group(44.7%vs32.0%,P=0.2834).The mean percentage of necrosis in the cumulative tumor area was 58.8%±36.6%in the DEB-TACE group and 50.2%±38.1%in the c-TACE group(P=0.4856).Fibrotic and inflammatory reactions surrounding the tumor nodule were markedly more common in the DEB-TACE group(P<0.0001,for both the parameters).The three-year recurrence-free survival was higher in DEB-TACE-treated patients than in conventionally treated patients(87.4%vs 61.5%,P=0.0493).Other factors affecting recurrence-free survival included viable tumor beyond Milan Criteria on histopathological examination,the percentage of necrosis on CTA≤50%and a pre-transplant serum-fetoprotein level greater than 70 ng/mL.On multivariate analysis,the lack of treatment with DEB-TACE,high levels of-fetoprotein and viable tumor beyond Milan Criteria at histology examination were identified as independent predictors of tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION:DEB-TACE can effectively promote tumor necrosis and improves recurrence-free survival after LT in HCC. | Daniele Nicolini Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni Roberto Candelari Cinzia Mincarelli Alessandra Mandolesi Italo Bearzi Federico Mocchegiani Andrea Vecchi Roberto Montalti Antonio Benedetti Andrea Risaliti Marco Vivarelli | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，34： | 12 |
| 4 | Perioperative thromboprophylaxis in liver transplant patients显示文摘Improvements in surgical and anesthetic procedures have increased patient survival after liver transplantation(LT). However, the perioperative period of LT can still be affected by several complications. Among these, thromboembolic complications(intracardiac thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, hepatic artery and portal vein thrombosis) are relatively common causes of increased morbidity and mortality. The benefit of thromboprophylaxis in general surgical patients has already been established, but it is not the standard of care in LT recipients. LT is associated with a high bleeding risk, as it is performed in a setting of already unstable hemostasis. For this reason, the role of routine perioperative prophylactic anticoagulation is usually restricted. However, recent data have shown that the bleeding tendency of cirrhotic patients is not an expression of an acquired bleeding disorder but rather of coexisting factors(portal hypertension, hypervolemia and infections). Furthermore, in cirrhotic patients, the new paradigm of ‘‘rebalanced hemostasis' ' can easily tip towards hypercoagulability because of the recently described enhanced thrombin generation, procoagulant changes in fibrin structure and platelet hyperreactivity. This new coagulation balance, along with improvements in surgical techniques and critical support, has led to a dramatic reduction in transfusion requirements, and the intraoperative thromboembolic-favoring factors(venous stasis, vessels clamping, surgical injury) have increased the awareness of thrombotic complications and led clinicians to reconsider the limited use of anticoagulants or antiplatelets in the postoperative period of LT. | Lesley De Pietri Roberto Montalti Daniele Nicolini Roberto Ivan Troisi Federico Moccheggiani Marco Vivarelli | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，27： | 9 |
| 5 | Multimodal treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis: An update显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent primary liver tumor,and overall,it is one of the most frequent cancers.The association of HCC with chronic liver disease,and cirrhosis in particular,is well known,making treatment complex and challenging.The treatment of HCC must take into account the presence and stage of chronic liver disease,with the aim of preserving hepatic function that is often already impaired,the stage of HCC and the clinical condition of the patient.The different treatment options include surgical resection,transplantation,local ablation,chemoembolization,radioembolization and molecular targeted therapies;these treatments can be combined in various ways to achieve different goals.Ideally,liver transplantation is best treatment for early stage HCC on cirrhosis because it removes both the tumor and the chronic disease that produced it;however,the application of this powerful tool is limited by the scarcity of donors.Downstaging and bridging are different strategies for the management of HCC patients who will undergo liver transplantation.Several professionals,including gastroenterologists,radiologists and surgeons,are involved in the choice of the most appropriate treatment for a single case,and a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to optimize the outcome.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the current treatment options for patients with HCC by analyzing the advantages,disadvantages and rationale for their use. | Marco Vivarelli Roberto Montalti Andrea Risaliti | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，42： | 9 |
| 6 | Neoadjuvant therapy in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma:Review of the literature显示文摘Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a malignant tumor of the biliary system and includes,according to the anatomical classification,intra hepatic CCA(iCCA),hilar CCA(hCCA)and distal CCA(dCCA).Hilar CCA is the most challenging type in terms of diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.Surgery is the only treatment possibly providing long-term survival,but only few patients are considered resectable at the time of diagnosis.In fact,tumor’s extension to segmentary or subsegmentary biliary ducts,along with large lymph node involvement or intrahepatic metastases,precludes the surgical approach.To achieve R0 margins is mandatory for the disease-free survival and overall survival.In case of unresectable locally advanced hCCA,radiochemotherapy(RCT)as neoadjuvant treatment demonstrated to be a therapeutic option before either hepatic resection or liver transplantation.Before liver surgery,RCT is believed to enhance the R0 margins rate.For patients meeting the Mayo Clinic criteria,RCT prior to orthotopic liver transplant(OLT)has proved to produce acceptable 5-years survivals.In this review,we analyze the current role of neoadjuvant RCT before resection as well as before OLT. | Fabio Frosio Federico Mocchegiani Grazia Conte Enrico Dalla Bona ANDrea Vecchi Daniele Nicolini Marco Vivarelli | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2019，11，6： | 7 |
| 7 | Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma on cirrhosis: Is it necessary?显示文摘AIM: To assess the safety and effectiveness of prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a large population of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on cirrhosis.METHODS: Two hundred and twenty nine consecutive cirrhotic patients with HCC who underwent hepatic resection were retrospectively evaluated to assess whether there was any difference in the incidence of thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications between those who received and those who did not receive prophylaxis with low-molecular weight heparin.Differences and possible effects of the following parameters were investigated: age,sex,Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score,platelet count,presence of esophageal varices,type of hepatic resection,duration of surgery,intraoperative transfusion of blood and fresh frozen plasma (FFP),body mass index,diabetes and previous cardiovascular disease.RESULTS: One hundred and fifty seven of 229 (68.5%) patients received antithromboembolic prophylaxis (group A) while the remaining 72 (31.5%) patients did not (group B).Patients in group B had higher Child-Pugh and MELD scores,lower platelet counts,a higher prevalence of esophageal varices and higher requirements for intraoperative transfusion of FFP.The incidence of VTE and postoperative hemorrhage was 0.63% and 3.18% in group A and 1.38% and 1.38% in group B,respectively;these differences were not significant.None of the variables analyzed including prophylaxis proved to be risk factors for VTE,and only the presence of esophageal varices was associated with an increased risk of bleeding.CONCLUSION: Prophylaxis is safe in cirrhotic patients without esophageal varices;the real need for prophylaxis should be better assessed. | Marco Vivarelli Matteo Zanello Chiara Zanfi Alessandro Cucchetti Matteo Ravaioli Massimo Del Gaudio Matteo Cescon Augusto Lauro Eva Montanari Gian Luca Grazi Antonio Daniele Pinna | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，17： | 6 |
| 8 | Is Portal Hypertension a Contraindication to Hepatic Resection?显示文摘 | Alessandro Cucchetti Giorgio Ercolani Marco Vivarelli Matteo Cescon Matteo Ravaioli Giovanni Ramacciato Gian Luca Grazi Antonio Daniele Pinna | 2009 | Annals of Surgery2009，，6： | 5 |
| 9 | Predictive factors of short term outcome after liver transplantation: A review显示文摘Liver transplantation represents a fundamental therapeutic solution to end-stage liver disease. The need for liver allografts has extended the set of criteria for organ acceptability, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. Little is known about the early postoperative parameters that can be used as valid predictive indices for early graft function, retransplantation or surgical reintervention, secondary complications, long intensive care unit stay or death. In this review, we present state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the early posttransplantation tests and scores that can be applied during the first postoperative week to predict liver allograft function and patient outcome, thereby guiding the therapeutic and surgical decisions of the medical staff. Post-transplant clinical and biochemical assessment of patients through laboratory tests(platelet count, transaminase and bilirubin levels, INR, factor V, lactates, and Insulin Growth Factor 1) and scores(model for end-stage liver disease, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, sequential organ failure assessment and model of early allograft function have been reported to have good performance, but they only allow late evaluation of patient status and graft function, requiring days to be quantified. The indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate has long been used as a liver function assessment technique and has produced interesting, although not univocal, results when performed between the 1th and the 5th day after transplantation. The liver maximal function capacity test is a promising method of metabolic liver activity assessment, but its use is limited by economic cost and extrahepatic factors. To date, a consensual definition of early allograft dysfunction and the integration and validation of the above-mentioned techniques, through the development of numerically consistent multicentric prospective randomised trials, are necessary. The medical and surgical management of transplanted patients could be greatly improved by using clinically reliable tools to predict early graft function. | Giuliano Bolondi Federico Mocchegiani Roberto Montalti Daniele Nicolini Marco Vivarelli Lesley De Pietri | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，26： | 5 |
| 10 | Radiological response and inflammation scores predict tumour recurrence in patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization before liver transplantation显示文摘AIM To investigate the prognostic value of the radiological response after transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and inflammatory markers in patients affected by hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)awaiting liver transplantation(LT).METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the preoperative pre dictors of HCC recurrence in 70 patients treated with conventional(n=16)or doxorubicin-eluting bead TACE(n=54)before LT.The patient and tumour characteristics,including the static and dynamic alpha-fetoprotein,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio( LR)measurements,were recorded.Treatment response was classified according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours(m RECIST)and the European Association for the Study of the Liver(EASL)criteria as complete response(CR),partial response( R),stable disease o progressive disease.After examination of the explanted livers,histological necrosis was classified as complete(100%of the cumulative tumour area),partia(50%-99%)or minimal(<50%)and was correlated with the preoperative radiological findings.RESULTS According to the pre-TACE radiological evaluation,22/70(31.4%)and 12/70(17.1%)patients were beyond Milan and University of San Francisco(UCSF)criteria,respectively.After TACE procedures,the objective response(CR+ R)rates were 71.4%and 70.0%according to m RECIST and EASL criteria,respectively.The agreement between the two guidelines in defining the radiological response was rated as very good both for the overall and target lesion response(weighted k-value:0.98 and 0.93,respectively).Complete and partial histological necrosis were achieved in 14/70(20.0%)and 28/70(40.0%)patients,respectively.Using histopathology as the reference standard,m RECIST criteria correctly classified necrosis in 72.9%(51/70)of patients and EASL criteria in 68.6%(48/70)of cases.The m RECIST non-response to TACE[Exp(b)=9.2, =0.012],exceeding UCSF criteria before TACE[Exp(b)=4.7, =0.033]and a preoperative LR>150[Exp(b)=5.9, =0.046]were independent predictors of tumour recurrence.CONCLUSION The radiological response and inflammatory markers are predictive of tumour recurrence and allow the proper selection of TACE-treated candidates for LT. | Daniele Nicolini Andrea Agostini Roberto Montalti Federico Mocchegiani Cinzia Mincarelli Alessandra Mandolesi Nicola L Robertson Roberto Candelari Andrea Giovagnoni Marco Vivarelli | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，20： | 4 |
| 11 | Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Under Calcineurin Inhibitors: Reassessment of Risk Factors for Tumor Recurrence显示文摘 | Marco Vivarelli Alessandro Cucchetti Giuliano La Barba Matteo Ravaioli Massimo Del Gaudio Augusto Lauro Gian Luca Grazi Antonio Daniele Pinna | 2008 | Annals of Surgery2008，，5： | 2 |
| 12 | Comparison of Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Resection in Patients with Cirrhosis to Its Occurrence in a Surveilled Cirrhotic Population显示文摘 | Alessandro Cucchetti MD Fabio Piscaglia MD Eugenio Caturelli MD Luisa Benvegnù MD Marco Vivarelli MD Giorgio Ercolani MD Matteo Cescon MD Matteo Ravaioli MD Gian Luca Grazi MD Luigi Bolondi MD Antonio Daniele Pinna MD | 2009 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2009，，2： | 2 |
| 13 | Corporate R&D and firm efficiency: evidence from Europe’s top R&D investors显示文摘 | Subal C. Kumbhakar Raquel Ortega-Argilés Lesley Potters Marco Vivarelli Peter Voigt | 2012 | Journal of Productivity Analysis2012，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Trade and Income Inequality in Developing Countries 显示文摘 | Elena Meschi Marco Vivarelli | 2009 | World Development2009，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of Different Immunosuppressive Schedules on Recurrence-Free Survival After Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma显示文摘 | Marco Vivarelli Alessandro Dazzi Matteo Zanello Alessandro Cucchetti Matteo Cescon Matteo Ravaioli Massimo Del Gaudio Augusto Lauro Gian Luca Grazi Antonio Daniele Pinna | 2010 | Transplantation2010，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Innovation and Employment: A Survey 显示文摘 | Marco Vivarelli | 2007 | IZA Discussion Papers2007，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Is Demand-pulled Innovation Equally Important in DitI'erent Groups of Firms 显示文摘 | Mariacristina Piva Marco Vivarelli | 2007 | Cambridge Journal of Economies2007，31，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Is Portal Hypertension a Contraindication to Hepatic Resection?显示文摘 | Alessandro Cucchetti Giorgio Ercolani Marco Vivarelli Matteo Cescon Matteo Ravaioli Giovanni Ramacciato Gian Luca Grazi Antonio Daniele Pinna | 2009 | Annals of Surgery2009，，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Comparison of Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Resection in Patients with Cirrhosis to Its Occurrence in a Surveilled Cirrhotic Population显示文摘 | Alessandro Cucchetti MD Fabio Piscaglia MD Eugenio Caturelli MD Luisa Benvegnù MD Marco Vivarelli MD Giorgio Ercolani MD Matteo Cescon MD Matteo Ravaioli MD Gian Luca Grazi MD Luigi Bolondi MD Antonio Daniele Pinna MD | 2009 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2009，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | An econometric test of the self-employment model: The case of Italy显示文摘 | Alessandro Foti Marco Vivarelli | 1994 | Small Business Economics1994，，2： | 1 |
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