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| 1 | Investigation on the catalytic effects of AAEM during steam gasification and the resultant char reactivity in oxygen using Shengli lignite at different forms显示文摘 | Jianxin Mi Ningbo Wang Mingfeng Wang Pengju Huo Dan Liu | 2015 | International Journal of Coal Science & Technology2015，2，3： | 14 |
| 2 | Highly Sensitive MoS_2–Indocyanine Green Hybrid for Photoacoustic Imaging of Orthotopic Brain Glioma at Deep Site显示文摘Photoacoustic technology in combination with molecular imaging is a highly effective method for accurately diagnosing brain glioma. For glioma detection at a deeper site, contrast agents with higher photoacoustic imaging sensitivity are needed. Herein, we report a MoS_2–ICG hybrid with indocyanine green(ICG) conjugated to the surface of MoS_2 nanosheets. The hybrid significantly enhanced photoacoustic imaging sensitivity compared to MoS_2 nanosheets. This conjugation results in remarkably high optical absorbance across a broad near-infrared spectrum, redshifting of the ICG absorption peak and photothermal/photoacoustic conversion efficiency enhancement of ICG. A tumor mass of 3.5 mm beneath the mouse scalp was clearly visualized by using MoS_2–ICG as a contrast agent for the in vivo photoacoustic imaging of orthotopic glioma, which is nearly twofold deeper than the tumors imaged in our previous report using MoS_2 nanosheet. Thus, combined with its good stability and high biocompatibility, the MoS_2–ICG hybrid developed in this study has a great potential for high-efficiency tumor molecular imaging in translational medicine. | Chengbo Liu Jingqin Chen Ying Zhu Xiaojing Gong Rongqin Zheng Ningbo Chen Dong Chen Huixiang Yan Peng Zhang Hairong Zheng Zonghai Sheng Liang Song | 2018 | Nano-Micro Letters2018，10，3： | 10 |
| 3 | Arch structure effect of the coal gangue flow of the fully mechanized caving in special thick coal seam and its impact on the loss of top coal显示文摘Based on the characteristics of the top coal thickness of the fully mechanized caving in special thick coal seam,the long distance of coal gangue caving,as well as the different sizes of the coal gangue broken fragment dimension and spatial variation of drop flow,this paper uses laboratory dispersion simulation experiment and theoretical analysis to study the arch structure effect and its influence rule on the top coal loss in the process of coal gangue flow.Research shows that in the process of coal gangue flow,arch structure can be formed in three types:the lower arch structure,middle arch structure,and upper arch structure.Moreover,the arch structure has the characteristics of dynamic random arch,the formation probability of dynamic random arch with different layers is not the same,dynamic random arch caused the reduction of the top coal fluency;analyzing the dynamic random arch formation mechanism,influencing factors,and the conditions of instability;the formation probability of the lower arch structure is the highest,the whole coal arch and the coal gangue arch structure has the greatest impact on top coal loss.Therefore,to prevent or reduce the formation of lower whole coal arch structure,the lower coal gangue arch structure and the middle whole coal arch structure is the key to reduce the top coal loss.The research conclusion provides theoretical basis for the further improvement of the top coal recovery rate of the fully mechanized caving in extra thick coal seam. | Zhang Ningbo Liu Changyou | 2016 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2016，26，4： | 8 |
| 4 | Co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass in a pressured fluidized bed显示文摘An experimental study on co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass was performed in a pressured fluidized bed reactor.The blend ratio of biomass in the mixture was varied between 0 and 100 wt%,and the temperature was over a range of 550–650℃ under 1.0 MPa pressure with different atmospheres.On the basis of the individual pyrolysis behavior of bituminous coal and biomass,the influences of the biomass blending ratio,temperature,pressure and atmosphere on the product distribution were investigated.The results indicated that there existed a synergetic effect in the co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass in this pressured fluidized bed reactor,especially when the condition of bituminous coal and biomass blend ratio of 70:30(w/w),600℃,and 0.3 MPa was applied.The addition of biomass influenced the tar and char yields and gas and tar composition during co-pyrolysis.The tar yields were higher than the calculated values from individual pyrolysis of each fuel,and consequently the char yields were lower.The experimental results showed that the composition of the gaseous products was not in accordance with those of their individual fuel.The improvement of composition in tar also indicated synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis. | Yong Huang Ningbo Wang Qiaoxia Liu Wusheng Wang Xiaoxun Ma | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，7： | 7 |
| 5 | Effects of caving–mining ratio on the coal and waste rocks gangue flows and the amount of cyclically caved coal in fully mechanized mining of super-thick coal seams显示文摘Aimed at determining the appropriate caving–mining ratio for fully mechanized mining of 20 m thick coal seam, this research investigated the effects of caving–mining ratio on the flow fields of coal and waste rocks, amount of cyclically caved coal and top coal loss by means of numerical modeling. The research was based on the geological conditions of panel 8102 in Tashan coal mine. The results indicated the loose coal and waste rocks formed an elliptical zone around the drawpoint. The ellipse enlarged with decreasing caving–mining ratio. And its long axis inclined to the gob gradually became vertical and facilitating the caving and recovery of top coal. The top coal loss showed a cyclical variation; and the loss cycle was shortened with the decreasing in caving–mining ratio. Moreover, the mean squared error(MSE) of the amount of cyclically caved coal went up with increasing caving–mining ratio, indicating a growing imbalance of amount of cyclically caved coal, which could impede the coordinated mining and caving operations. Finally it was found that a caving–mining ratio of 1:2.51 should be reasonable for the conditions. | Zhang Ningbo Liu Changyou Pei Mengsong | 2015 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2015，25，1： | 6 |
| 6 | Single small molecule-assembled nanoparticles mediate efficient oral drug delivery显示文摘Oral drug delivery,which requires surviving the harsh environment in the gastrointestinal(Gl)tract and penetrating the intestinal epithelium,has not bee n achieved using simple formulatio n nan oparticles(NPs).Medici nal natural products(MNPs)have bee n widely used in traditi onal medicine for disease management through oral consumption.However,most pharmacologically active compounds within MNPs do not have the properties suitable for oral applicatio ns.We hypothesize that some MNPs contain n atural nano materials that can convert those compounds into oral formulations by forming NPs.After screening 66 MNPs,we identified five classes of small molecules that form NPs,many of which are capable of efficient drug encapsulation and Gl penetration.We show that one of them,dehydrotrametenolic acid(DTA),is capable of mediating oral delivery for effective disease treatment.We determined that DTA NPs assemble through hydrogen bonding and penetra怕the Gl tract via apical sodium-depe ndent bile acid tran sporter.Our study reveals a no vel class of single comp orient,small molecule-assembled NPs for oral drug delivery,and suggests a n ovel approach to modernizi ng MNPs through nano material discovery. | Xin Yang Chao Ma Zeming Chen Jun Liu Fuyao Liu Rongbin Xie Haitian Zhao Gang Deng Ann TChen Ningbo Gong Lei Yao Pengjian Zuo Kangkang Zhi Jiacheng Wang Xiaobin Gao Jing Wang Louzhen Fan Jiangbing Zhou | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，10： | 4 |
| 7 | Pairwise entanglement and local polarization of Heisenberg model显示文摘The characteristics of pairwise entanglement and local polarization (LP) are dis-cussed by studying the ground state (states) of the Heisenberg XX model. The re-sults show that: the ground state (states) is (are) composed of the micro states with the minimal polarization (0 for even qubit and 1/2 for odd qubit); LP and the prob-ability of the micro state have an intimate relation, i.e. the stronger the LP, the smaller the probability, and the same LP corresponds to the same probability; the pairwise entanglement of the ground state is the biggest in all eigenvectors. It is found that the pairwise entanglement is decreased by the state degeneracy and the system size. The concurrence approaches a fixed value of about 0.3412 (for odd-qubit chain) or 0.3491 (for even-qubit chain) if the qubit number is large enough. | XI XiaoQiang1,2, ZHANG Tao3, YUE RuiHong3,4 & LIU WuMing2 1 Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Xi’an Institute of Post and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710061, China 2 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 3 Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China 4 Department of Physics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China | 2008 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2008，51，10： | 4 |
| 8 | A thermodynamic potential for barium zirconate titanate solid solutions显示文摘Barium zirconate titanate[Ba(ZrxTi_(1−x))O_(3)]solid solutions are promising lead-free ferroelectric materials that have received substantial interest.Thermodynamic analysis based on phenomenological Landau–Devonshire theory is a powerful method for theoretical investigation of ferroelectric materials,but cannot be applied to Ba(ZrxTi1−x)O3 because there is no thermodynamic potential.In this paper,a thermodynamic potential for Ba(ZrxTi_(1−x))O_(3)(0≤x≤0.3)solid solutions is constructed,and then a thermodynamic analysis carried out.The results accurately reproduce known phase structures and their transition temperatures,with good agreement with experimentally measured polarization,dielectric,and piezoelectric constants.It is found that Ba(ZrxTi_(1−x))O_(3) solid solutions at room temperature have three phase boundaries,including a tetragonal–orthorhombic phase boundary at x=0.013,an orthorhombic–rhombohedral phase boundary at x=0.0798,and a rhombohedral–paraelectric phase boundary at x=0.2135.The results also indicate that the chemical composition-induced ferroelectric–paraelectric phase boundary has superior electromechanical properties,suggesting a new way to enhance electromechanical coupling in Ba(ZrxTi_(1−x))O_(3) solid solutions. | Jinlin Peng Dongliang Shan Yunya Liu Kai Pan Chihou Lei Ningbo He Zhenyu Zhang Qiong Yang | 2018 | npj Computational Materials2018，，1： | 3 |
| 9 | Solution-processable graphene mesh transparent electrodes for organic solar cells显示文摘有好电导率和透明性的 Graphene 网孔电极(GME ) 被标准工业影印石版术和 O2 血浆蚀刻过程用 graphene 答案制作了。器官光电( OPV )用 GME 的房间作为有poly-( 3-hexylthiophene )的混合的透明电极, /phenyl-C61-butyric 酸甲基酉旨( P3HT/PC61BM )作为活跃的层被制作了并且展出2.04%的力量变换效率( PCE ),为透明基于电极的太阳能电池迄今为止报导了的处理答案的 graphene 的最高的 PCE 。 | Qian Zhang Xiangjian Wan Fei Xing Lu Huang Guankui Long Ningbo Yi Wang Ni Zhibo Liu Jianguo Tian Yongsheng Chen | 2013 | Nano Research2013，6，7： | 3 |
| 10 | A novel-green adsorbent based on betaine-modified magnetic nanoparticles for removal of methyl blue显示文摘A potential adsorbent based on betaine-modified magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(BMNPs) was successfully synthesized by facile method, characterized and applied for methyl blue(MB) removal from aqueous solution. The characterization results of FTIR, transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM) showed that the prepared nanoparticles could be well dispersed in water and exhibited excellent superparamagnetism. These properties imply the potential to recycle BMNPs from wastewater through magnetic field. In the adsorption process, the effects of main experimental parameters such as p H of MB solution, initial concentration of MB, contact time, and adsorption capacity for MB were studied and optimized. These results demonstrated that large amounts of quaternary ammonium groups existing on the surface of BMNPs could promote absorption of MB via electrostatic forces. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics of MB was found to follow a pseudosecond-order kinetic model and the adsorption equilibrium data fitted very closely to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity for MB was calculated to be 136 mg g 1at room temperature. Moreover, the BMNPs showed good reusability with 73.33% MB adsorption in the5 th cycle. | Haowei Wang Shangning Jia Haojiang Wang Bo Li Wen Liu Ningbo Li Jie Qiao Chen-Zhong Li | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，5： | 3 |
| 11 | Metabolic regulation of T cell development by Sinl-mTORC2 is mediated by pyruvate kinase M2显示文摘Glucose metabolism plays a key role in thymocyte development. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mT0RC2) is a critical regulator of cell growth and metabolism, but its role in early thymocyte development and metabolism has not been fully studied. We show here that genetic ablation of Sinl, an essential component of mTORC2, in T lineage cells results in severely impaired thymocyte development at the CD4^- CD8^- double negative (DN) stages but not at the CD4^+ CD8^+ double positive (DP) or later stages. Notably, Sinl-deficient DN thymocytes show markedly reduced proliferation and glycolysis.Importantly, we discover that the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) is a novel and crucial Sinl effector in promoting DN thymocyte development and metabolism. At the molecular level, we show that Sinl-mTORC2 controls PKM2 expression through an AKT-dependent PPAR-y nuclear translocation. Together, our study unravels a novel mTORC2-PPAR-γ-PKM2 pathway in immune-metabolic regulation of early thymocyte development. | Xinxing Ouyang Yuheng Han Guojun Qu Man Li Ningbo Wu Hongzhi Liu Omotooke Arojo Hongxiang Sun Xiaobo Liu Dou Liu Lei Chen Qiang Zou Bing Su | 2019 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2019，11，2： | 3 |
| 12 | MAP3K2 augments Th1 cell differentiation via IL-18 to promote T cell-mediated colitis显示文摘T cell-mediated immunity in the intestine is stringently controlled to ensure proper immunity against pathogenic microbes and to prevent autoimmunity,a known cause of inflammatory bowel disease.However,precisely how T cells regulate intestine immunity remains to be fully understood.In this study,we found that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2(MAP3K2)is required for the CD4^(+)T cell-mediated inflammation in the intestine.Using a T cell transfer colitis model,we found that MAP3K2-deficient naïve CD4^(+)T cells had a dramatically reduced ability to induce colitis compared to wild type T cells.In addition,significantly fewer IFN-γ-but more IL-17A-producing CD4^(+)T cells in the intestines of mice receiving MAP3K2-deficient T cells than in those from mice receiving wild type T cells was observed.Interestingly,under well-defined in vitro differentiation conditions,MAP3K2-deficient naïve T cells were not impaired in their ability to differentiate into Th1,Th17 and Treg.Furthermore,the MAP3K2-regulated colitis severity was mediated by Th1 but not Th17 cells in the intestine.At the molecular level,we showed that MAP3K2-mediated Th1 cell differentiation in the intestine was regulated by IL-18 and required specific JNK activation.Together,our study reveals a novel regulatory role of MAP3K2 in intestinal T cell immunity via the IL-18-MAP3K2-JNK axis and may provide a novel target for intervention in T cell-mediated colitis. | Ningbo Wu Dongping Chen Hongxiang Sun Jianmei Tan Yao Zhang Tianyu Zhang Yuheng Han Hongzhi Liu Xinxing Ouyang Xiao-Dong Yang Xiaoyin Niu Jie Zhong Zhengting Wang Bing Su | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Genetic variation of Porphyra yezoensis by using AFLP1显示文摘Genetic variation of 11 lines of Porphyra yezoensis from the coastline of Kagoshima ofJapan, Qingdao, Nantong, Putuo and Nanji Islands of China were studied by using amplified fragmentlength polymorphism (AFLP). 778 bands were obtained with AFLP analysis of 16 primer combina-tions, among which 15 were unique, about 98.07% were polymorphic. The AFLP data showed thatthe closest genetic distance was 0.180 between two Kagoshima samples, and the farthest one was 0.397between Kagoshima No. 1 and Nantong No. 9 line. The genetic distance showed that the variation waswithin the inner species scope. Neighbor-joining cluster and UPGMA cluster indicated that samples fromKagoshima and Qingdao were with high similarity and either with the samples of Nantong, Putuo andNanji Islands. P. yezoensis in China shared high genetic diversity, and the genetic distance showed posi-tive correlation with the geographic distance. | Rui Yang, Biqian Liu, Qijun Luo, Yajun Wang, Jiamei Bao Marine Biotechnology Institution, Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China.E-mail:yangrui @ nbu.edu.cn | 2003 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2003，22，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Customized anterior segment photoacoustic imaging for ophthalmic burn evaluation in vivo显示文摘Photoacoustic imaging has many advantages in ophthalmic application including high-resolution,requirement of no exogenous contrast agent,and noninvasive acquisition of both morphologic and functional information.However,due to the limited depth of focus of the imaging method and large curvature of the eye,it remains a challenge to obtain high quality vascular image of entire anterior segment.Here,we proposed a new method to achieve high quality imaging of anterior segment.The new method applied a curvature imaging strategy based on only one time scanning,and hence is time efficient and more suitable for ophthalmic imaging compared to previously reported methods using similar strategy.A custom-built photoacoustic imaging system was adapted for ophthalmic application and a customized image processing method was developed to quantitatively analyze both morphologic and functional information in vasculature of the anterior segment.The results showed that the new method improved the image quality of anterior segment significantly compared to that of conventional high resolution photoacoustic imaging.More importantly,we applied the new method to study ophthalmic disease in an in vivo mouse model for the first time.The results verified the suitability and advantages of the new method for imaging the entire anterior segment and the numerous potentials of applying it in ophthalmic imaging in future. | Huangxuan Zhao Ke Li Fan Yang Wenhui Zhou Ningbo Chen Liang Song Chuansheng Zheng Zhicheng Liu Chengbo Liu | 2021 | Opto-Electronic Advances2021，4，6： | 2 |
| 15 | Real-time GNSS precise point positioning with smartphones for vehicle navigation显示文摘The availability of raw Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)measurements from Android smart devices gives new possibilities for precise positioning solutions,e.g.,Precise Point Positioning(PPP).However,the accuracy of the PPP with smart devices currently is a few meters due to the poor quality of the raw GNSS measurements in a kinematic scenario and in urban environments,particularly when the smart devices are placed inside vehicles.To promote the application of GNSS PPP for land vehicle navigation with smart devices,this contribution studies the real-time PPP with smartphones.For data quality analysis and positioning performance validation,two vehicle-based kinematic positioning tests were carried out using two Huawei Mate30 smartphones and two Huawei P40 smartphones with different installation modes:the vehicle-roof mode with smartphones mounted on the top roof outside the vehicle,and the dashboard mode with smartphones stabilized on the dashboard inside the vehicle.To realize high accuracy positioning,we proposed a real-time smartphone PPP method with the data processing strategies adapted for smart devices.Positioning results show that the real-time PPP can achieve the horizontal positioning accuracy of about 1–1.5 m in terms of root-mean-square and better than 2.5 m at the 95th percentile for the vehicle-based kinematic positioning with the experimental smartphones mounted on the dashboard inside the vehicle,which is the real scenario in vehicle navigation. | Zishen Li Liang Wang Ningbo Wang Ran Li Ang Liu | 2022 | Satellite Navigation2022，3，3： | 2 |
| 16 | EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor HS-10182 increases radiation sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancers with EGFR T790M mutation显示文摘Objective:To investigate the potential of HS-10182,a second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI),as a radiosensitizer in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Two cell lines of NSCLCs,A549 that possesses wild-type(WT)EGFRs and H1975 that possesses EGFR L858R/T790M double mutations,were treated with HS-10182 at various concentrations,and cell viabilities were determined using the MTS assay.The cells were tested by clonogenic survival assays to identify the radiosensitivity of both groups.Western blot was performed to analyze the expression of phosphorylated EGFR,AKT,DNA-dependent protein kinase,and catalytic subunit(DNA-PKcs)proteins.Immunofluorescence analyses were performed to examine the formation and changes in nuclearγ-H2AX foci.Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and Western blots for cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9,and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP).Furthermore,we established xenograft models in mice and the effects of different treatments on tumor growth were then assessed.Results:Clonogenic survival assays revealed that HS-10182 significantly enhanced the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells but not A549cells[dose enhancement ratios(DERs)=2.36(P<0.05)vs.1.43(P>0.05)].Western blot results showed that HS-10182 increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3,-8,-9,and cleaved PARP in H1975 cells but not in A549 cells.In addition,flow cytometry analysis showed that HS-10182 enhanced irradiation-induced apoptosis in H1975.Immunofluorescence results found that HS-10182increased the average number ofγ-H2AX foci after irradiation in H1975 cells,but not in A549 cells.Combined radiation and HS-10182 treatment increased the expression of DNA-PKcs but this increase was more significant in H1975 cells than in A549 cells.Moreover,HS-10182 suppressed the increased expression of Rad50 in H1975 cells in response to irradiation.In vivo experiments found that the combined therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth.Conclusions:HS-10182 enhances the radiosensitivity of H1975 cells which is possibly because that HS-10182 could enhance irradiation-induced apoptosis,increase irradiation-induced DNA damage,and cause a delay in DNA damage repair.Our findings suggest that radiotherapy combined HS-10182 is a novel treatment for lung cancer cells which have acquired the T790M mutation.HS-10182 could be brought to the clinic as a radiosensitizer in NSCLCs with the EGFR T790M mutation. | Yang Chen Youyou Wang Lujun Zhao Ping Wang Jifeng Sun Rudi Bao Chenghai Li Ningbo Liu | 2018 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2018，15，1： | 2 |
| 17 | An atlas of CNV maps in cattle, goat and sheep显示文摘Copy number variation(CNV)is the most prevalent type of genetic structural variation that has been recognized as an important source of phenotypic variation in humans,animals and plants.However,the mechanisms underlying the evolution of CNVs and their function in natural or artificial selection remain unknown.Here,we generated CNV region(CNVR)datasets which were diverged or shared among cattle,goat,and sheep,including 886 individuals from 171 diverse populations.Using 9 environmental factors for genome-wide association study(GWAS),we identified a series of candidate CNVRs,including genes relating to immunity,tick resistance,multi-drug resistance,and muscle development.The number of CNVRs shared between species is significantly higher than expected(P<0.00001),and these CNVRs may be more persist than the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)shared between species.We also identified genomic regions under long-term balancing selection and uncovered the potential diversity of the selected CNVRs close to the important functional genes.This study provides the evidence that balancing selection might be more common in mammals than previously considered,and might play an important role in the daily activities of these ruminant species. | Yongzhen Huang Yunjia Li Xihong Wang Jiantao Yu Yudong Cai Zhuqing Zheng Ran Li Shunjin Zhang Ningbo Chen Hojjat Asadollahpour Nanaei Quratulain Hanif Qiuming Chen Weiwei Fu Chao Li Xiukai Cao Guangxian Zhou Shudong Liu Sangang He Wenrong Li Yulin Chen Hong Chen Chuzhao Lei Mingjun Liu Yu Jiang | 2021 | Science China(Life Sciences)2021，64，10： | 2 |
| 18 | Detection of a low observable sea-surface target with micromotion via the Radon-linear canonical transform显示文摘 | Chen Xiaolong Guan Jian Liu Ningbo | 2014 | IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters2014，11，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Status of CAS global ionospheric maps after the maximum of solar cycle 24显示文摘As a new Ionosphere Associate Analysis Center(IAAC)of the International GNSS Service(IGS),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)started the routine computation of the real-time,rapid,and final Global Ionospheric Maps(GIMs)in 2015.The method for the generation of CAS rapid and final GIMs and recent updates are presented in the paper.The quality of CAS post-processed GIMs is assessed during 2015-2018 after the maximum of solar cycle 24.To perform an independent and fair assessment,Jason-2/3 Vertical Total Electron Contents(VTEC)are first used as the references over the ocean.GPS differential Slant TECs(dSTEC)generated from 55 Multi-GNSS Experimental(MGEX)stations of the IGS are also employed,which provides a complementing way to evaluate the ability of electron content models to reproduce the spatial and temporal gradients in the ionosphere.During the test period,Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL)GIMs present significantly positive deviations compared to the Jason VTEC and GPS dSTEC.Technical University of Catalonia(UPC)rapid GIM UQRG exhibits the best performance in both Jason VTEC and GPS dSTEC analysis.The CAS GIMs show comparable performance with the results of the first four IAACs of the IGS.As expected,the poor performance of all GIMs is in equatorial regions and the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere.The consideration of generating multi-layer or three-dimensional ionospheric maps is emphasized to mitigate the inadequacy of ionospheric single-layer assumption in the presence of pronounced latitudinal gradients.The use of ionospheric observations from the new GNSS constellations and other space-or ground-based observation techniques is also suggested in the generation of future GIMs,given the sparse GPS/GLONASS stations in the southern hemisphere. | Zishen Li Ningbo Wang Ang Liu Yunbin Yuan Liang Wang Manuel Hernández-Pajares Andrzej Krankowski Hong Yuan | 2021 | Satellite Navigation2021，2，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Determination of biogenic amines in semi-dry and semi-sweet Chinese rice wines from the Shaoxing region显示文摘 | Zhong Jianjun Ye Xingqian Fang Zhongxiang Xie Guangfa Liao Ningbo Shu Jie Liu Donghong | 2012 | Food Control2012，，28： | 1 |
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