| 2 | Viral hepatitis update: Progress and perspectives显示文摘Viral hepatitis,secondary to infection with hepatitis A,B,C,D,and E viruses,are a major public health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality.Despite the huge medical advances achieved in recent years,there are still points of conflict concerning the pathogenesis,immune response,development of new and more effective vaccines,therapies,and treatment.This review focuses on the most important research topics that deal with issues that are currently being solved,those that remain to be solved,and future research directions.For hepatitis A virus we will address epidemiology,molecular surveillance,new susceptible populations as well as environmental and food detections.In the case of hepatitis B virus,we will discuss host factors related to disease,diagnosis,therapy,and vaccine improvement.On hepatitis C virus,we will focus on pathogenesis,immune response,direct action antivirals treatment in the context of solid organ transplantation,issues related to hepatocellular carcinoma development,direct action antivirals resistance due to selection of resistanceassociated variants,and vaccination.Regarding hepatitis D virus,we describe diagnostic methodology,pathogenesis,and therapy.Finally,for hepatitis E virus,we will address epidemiology(including new emerging species),diagnosis,clinical aspects,treatment,the development of a vaccine,and environmental surveillance. | María B Pisano Cecilia G Giadans Diego M Flichman Viviana E Ré María V Preciado Pamela Valva | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，26： | 8 |
| 3 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——减少食盐对心血管疾病的预防作用显示文摘背景美国饮食含盐量高,多数为加工食品。减少食盐的摄入是公众健康的重要目标。方法本研究使用冠心病策略模式,将全人群食盐减少到3g/d(钠1200mg/d)潜在的获益进行量化。评价年龄、性别、种族亚组的心血管病发生率和成本,将减少食盐与其他减少心血管风险的干预方法进行对照;将减少食盐与高血压药物治疗做对照确定成本效应。结果每日减少食盐3g,预计可减少年度新发病例:冠心病6.0万~12.0万例、脑卒中3.2万~6.6万例、心肌梗死5.4万~9.9万例;且可使年度全因死亡患者数目减少4.4万~9.2万。任何人群均可获益,黑人获益比例最高。女性,尤其脑卒中、老年冠心病、年纪较轻者病死率下降明显。摄入盐减少的心血管益处与减少吸烟、肥胖和胆固醇水平所带来的益处相同。所设计的调整干预项可达到每日摄入盐减少3g,并可节省医疗成本100亿~240亿美元。即使在2010—2019年,此干预项逐渐达到每日适度减少食盐1g也能削减医疗成本,与高血压患者降压用药相比,更具有成本效应。结论适度减少食盐可减少心血管事件和医疗成本,应该成为维护公众健康的目标。 | Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo Glenn MChertow Pamela G Coxson 周淑新(译) | 2010 | 中国全科医学2010，13，32： | 5 |
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