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| 1 | Numerical Simulation of the Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Katrina(2005):Sensitivity to Boundary Layer Parameterization Schemes显示文摘Accurate forecasting of the intensity changes of hurricanes is an important yet challenging problem in numerical weather prediction. The rapid intensification of Hurricane Katrina(2005) before its landfall in the southern US is studied with the Advanced Research version of the WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting) model. The sensitivity of numerical simulations to two popular planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes, the Mellor–Yamada–Janjic(MYJ) and the Yonsei University(YSU) schemes, is investigated. It is found that, compared with the YSU simulation, the simulation with the MYJ scheme produces better track and intensity evolution, better vortex structure, and more accurate landfall time and location. Large discrepancies(e.g.,over 10 hPa in simulated minimum sea level pressure) are found between the two simulations during the rapid intensification period. Further diagnosis indicates that stronger surface fluxes and vertical mixing in the PBL from the simulation with the MYJ scheme lead to enhanced air–sea interaction, which helps generate more realistic simulations of the rapid intensification process. Overall, the results from this study suggest that improved representation of surface fluxes and vertical mixing in the PBL is essential for accurate prediction of hurricane intensity changes. | Jianjun LIU Feimin ZHANG Zhaoxia PU | 2017 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2017，34，4： | 5 |
| 2 | Numerical Simulations of an Advection Fog Event over Shanghai Pudong International Airport with the WRF Model显示文摘A series of numerical simulations is conducted to understand the formation, evolution, and dissipation of an advection fog event over Shanghai Pudong International Airport(ZSPD) with the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model. Using the current operational settings at the Meteorological Center of East China Air Traffic Management Bureau, the WRF model successfully predicts the fog event at ZSPD. Additional numerical experiments are performed to examine the physical processes associated with the fog event. The results indicate that prediction of this particular fog event is sensitive to microphysical schemes for the time of fog dissipation but not for the time of fog onset. The simulated timing of the arrival and dissipation of the fog, as well as the cloud distribution, is substantially sensitive to the planetary boundary layer and radiation(both longwave and shortwave) processes. Moreover, varying forecast lead times also produces different simulation results for the fog event regarding its onset and duration, suggesting a trade-off between more accurate initial conditions and a proper forecast lead time that allows model physical processes to spin up adequately during the fog simulation. The overall outcomes from this study imply that the complexity of physical processes and their interactions within the WRF model during fog evolution and dissipation is a key area of future research. | Caiyan LIN Zhongfeng ZHANG Zhaoxia PU Fengyun WANG | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，5： | 4 |
| 3 | Impacts of Land-Use Data on the Simulation of Surface Air Temperature in Northwest China显示文摘This study examines the impacts of land-use data on the simulation of surface air temperature in Northwest China by the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model. International Geosphere–Biosphere Program(IGBP) landuse data with 500-m spatial resolution are generated from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)satellite products. These data are used to replace the default U.S. Geological Survey(USGS) land-use data in the WRF model. Based on the data recorded by national basic meteorological observing stations in Northwest China, results are compared and evaluated. It is found that replacing the default USGS land-use data in the WRF model with the IGBP data improves the ability of the model to simulate surface air temperature in Northwest China in July and December 2015. Errors in the simulated daytime surface air temperature are reduced, while the results vary between seasons. There is some variation in the degree and range of impacts of land-use data on surface air temperature among seasons. Using the IGBP data, the simulated daytime surface air temperature in July 2015 improves at a relatively small number of stations, but to a relatively large degree; whereas the simulation of daytime surface air temperature in December 2015 improves at almost all stations, but only to a relatively small degree(within 1°C). Mitigation of daytime surface air temperature overestimation in July 2015 is influenced mainly by the change in ground heat flux. The modification of underestimated temperature comes mainly from the improvement of simulated net radiation in December 2015. | Yaohui LI Cailing ZHAO Tiejun ZHANG Wei WANG Haixia DUAN Yuanpu LIU Yulong REN Zhaoxia PU | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Evaluation of the Forecast Accuracy of Near-Surface Temperature and Wind in Northwest China Based on the WRF Model显示文摘This study investigated the performance of the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model in predicting near-surface atmospheric temperature and wind for a complex underlying surface in Northwest China in June and December 2015. The spatial distribution of the monthly average bias errors in the forecasts of 2-m temperature and 10-m wind speed is analyzed first. It is found that the forecast errors for 2-m temperature and 10-m wind speed in June are strongly correlated with the terrain distribution. However, this type of correlation is not apparent in December, perhaps due to the inaccurate specification of the surface albedo and freezing-thawing process of frozen soil in winter in Northwest China in the WRF model. In addition, the WRF model is able to reproduce the diurnal variation in 2-m temperature and 10-m wind speed, although with weakened magnitude. Elevations and land-use types have strong influences on the forecast of near-surface variables with seasonal variations. The overall results imply that accurate specification of the complex underlying surface and seasonal changes in land cover is necessary for improving near-surface forecasts over Northwest China. | Haixia DUAN Yaohui LI Tiejun ZHANG Zhaoxia PU Cailing ZHAO Yuanpu LIU | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，3： | 2 |
| 5 | MODIS/Terra observed snow cover over the Tibet Plateau: distribution, variation and possible connection with the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM)显示文摘 | PU Zhaoxia LI Xu | 2009 | Theoretical and Applied Climatology2009，97，3： | 1 |
| 6 | MODIS/Terra obsrved seasonal variations of snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau 显示文摘 | PU Zhaoxia LI Xu SALOMONSON V V | 2007 | Geophysical Research Letters2007，34，06： | 1 |
| 7 | MODIS/Terra observed seasonal variations of snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau 显示文摘 | PU Zhaoxia LI Xu SALOMONSON V V | 2007 | Geophysical Research Letters2007，34，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Impacts of Soil Moisture on the Numerical Simulation of a Post-Landfall Storm显示文摘Surface heat and moisture fluxes are important to the evolution of a tropical storm after its landfall. Soil moisture is one of the essential components that influence surface heating and moisture fluxes. In this study, the impact of soil moisture on a pre-landfall numerical simulation of Tropical Storm Bill(2015), which had a much longer lifespan over land, is investigated by using the research version of the NCEP Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting(HWRF) model. It is found that increased soil moisture with SLAB scheme before storm's landfall tends to produce a weaker storm after landfall and has negative impacts on storm track simulation. Further diagnoses with different land surface schemes and sensitivity experiments indicate that the increase in soil moisture inside the storm corresponds to a strengthened vertical mixing within the storm boundary layer, which is conducive to the decay of storm and has negative impacts on storm evolution. In addition, surface diabatic heating effects over the storm environment are also found to be an important positive contribution to the storm evolution over land, but their impacts are not so substantial as boundary layer vertical mixing inside the storm. The overall results highlight the importance and uncertainty of soil moisture in numerical model simulations of landfalling hurricanes and their further evolution over land. | Feimin ZHANG Zhaoxia PU Chenghai WANG | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Diagnosis of the Initial and Forecast Errors in the Numeri- cal Simulation of the Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Emily (2005) 显示文摘 | PU ZHAOXIA LI XUANLI ZIPSER E J | 2009 | Wea Forecasting2009，24，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Sensitivity of Numerical Simulation of Early Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Emi- ly (2005) to Cumulus Parameterization Schemes in Different Model Horizontal Resolutions 显示文摘 | LI Xuanli PU Zhaoxia | 2009 | J Meteor Soc Japan2009，87，3： | 1 |
| 11 | The impact of aircraft dropsonde and satellite wind data on numerical simulations of two landfalling tropical storms during the tropical cloud systems and processes experiment 显示文摘 | PU ZHAOXIA LI XUANLI | 2008 | Wea Forecasting2008，23，： | 1 |
| 12 | Insight into the high-temperature tribological mechanism of VAlTiCrW high entropy alloy film:AlV_(3)O_(9)from tribochemistry显示文摘High-entropy alloys have made significant progress in high mechanical properties,wear resistance,and corrosion resistance properties.Excellent tribological properties,especially high-temperature lubrication,have become another sought performance.In this work,VAlTiCrW high-entropy alloy film with body-centered cubic(BCC)structure was prepared on superalloy substrate by magnetron sputtering.It is found that the VAlTiCrW film shows very low friction coefficient of 0.15 and a low wear rate of 10^(-5) orders of magnitude at 800℃.After 800℃oxidation,the film can still obtain a friction coefficient of no more than 0.2 at 700℃.XRD and TEM revealed the formation of ternary oxide AlV_(3)O_(9)with preferred orientation of(002)crystal plane with large spacing of 0.71 nm on the wear surface of the film,a high-temperature lubricating phase that has not been reported,realizes the low friction coefficient.This AlV_(3)O_(9)can be formed by tribochemical reaction under the thermal-mechanical action at 700℃,but pre-oxidation at 800℃is the prerequisite in order to form the precursors of V-rich and Al-rich oxide layer. | Xuesong LIU Jun FAN Jibin PU Zhaoxia LU | 2023 | Friction2023，11，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Reconstruct the Mesoscale Information of Typhoon with BDA Method Combined with AMSU-A Data Assimilation Method显示文摘 | Yunfeng Wang Haiyang Zhang Bin Wang Yueqi Han Xiaoping Cheng Zhaoxia Pu | 2010 | Advances in Meteorology2010，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Sensitivity of early rapid intensification of hurricane microphysical and planetary boundary 显示文摘 | Li Xuanli Pu Zhaoxia | 2008 | MonWea Rev2008，136，48： | 1 |
| 15 | Sensitivity of numerical simulations of the early rapid intensification of hurricane emily to cumulus pa- rameterization schemes in different model horizontal resolu tions显示文摘 | Li Xuanli Pu Zhaoxia | 2009 | J Meteor SocJanpan2009，87，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Diagnosis of the Initial and Forecast Errors in the Numerical Simulation of the Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Emily (2005)显示文摘 | PU ZHAOXIA LI XUANLI ZIPSER E J | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 17 | Sensitivity of Numerical Simulation of Early Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Emily (2005) to Cumulus Parameterization Schemes in Different Model Horizontal Resolutions显示文摘 | LI Xuanli PU Zhaoxia | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 18 | The impact of aircraft dropsonde and satellite wind data on numerical simulations of two landfalling tropical storms during the tropical cloud systems and processes experiment显示文摘 | PU ZHAOXIA LI XUANLI | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Ensemble-based Kalman Filters in Strongly Nonlinear Dynamics显示文摘This study examines the effectiveness of ensemble Kalman filters in data assimilation with the strongly nonlinear dynamics of the Lorenz-63 model, and in particular their use in predicting the regime transition that occurs when the model jumps from one basin of attraction to the other. Four configurations of the ensemble-based Kalman filtering data assimilation techniques, including the ensemble Kalman filter, ensemble adjustment Kalman filter, ensemble square root filter and ensemble transform Kalman filter, are evaluated with their ability in predicting the regime transition (also called phase transition) and also are compared in terms of their sensitivity to both observational and sampling errors. The sensitivity of each ensemble-based filter to the size of the ensemble is also examined. | Zhaoxia PU Joshua HACKER | 2009 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2009，26，3： | 1 |
| 20 | EVALUATION OF TROPICAL CYCLONE GENESIS PRECURSORS WITH REI ATIVE OPER ATING CHARACTERISTICS(ROC)IN HIGH-RESOLUTION ENSEMBLE FORECASTS:HURRICANE ERNESTO显示文摘Identifying the environmental conditions that control tropical cyclone(TC)genesis is a challenging problem.This study examines a new method to evaluate the precursors of TC genesis using high-resolution ensemble forecasts and relative operating characteristic(ROC)diagrams.With an advanced research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model,high-resolution ensemble forecasts(at 5 km horizontal resolution)are conducted in various configurations using a bred vector method to form a set of 140 ensemble members for predicting Hurricane Ernesto’s genesis.Basic evaluation shows that high-resolution ensemble forecasts are able to predict well-developed TCs,whereas the NCEP Global Ensemble Forecast System(GEFS)fails to do so.This set of 140 ensemble members is employed to study the precursors of Hurricane Ernesto’s genesis by contrasting the genesis and nongenesis cases.Specifically,ROC curves,composite figures for genesis and nongenesis cases,and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests are applied to characterize the relationship between important environmental parameters near the beginning of the simulation and genesis likelihood 15-18 h later.It is found that moist conditions at 850 hPa,vertical wind shear,the strength of the 850 hPa pre existing wave,and upper-level warming play notable roles in Ernesto’s genesis. | Levi Thatcher Zhaoxia Pu | 2013 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2013，2，3： | 1 |
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