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| 1 | 青春期多囊卵巢综合征诊治共识显示文摘对于青春期女性的多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS),目前国内外尚无公认的统一诊断标准,且治疗方案的选择也不尽相同。为使国内各级妇产科医师更好地诊治和管理青春期PCOS患者,更新知识,并与国际接轨,国内该领域的专家在参考国外相关共识及指南后,结合我国的具体情况,编写了'青春期多囊卵巢综合征诊治共识',以改变临床医生对PCOS的传统认识,达到规范诊断和治疗青春期PCOS患者的目的。 | Reproductive Endocrinology Group,Chinese Maternal & Child Health Industry Association,National Association of Health Industry & Enterprise Management | 2016 | 生殖医学杂志2016，25，9： | 62 |
| 2 | Deficit of mitochondria-derived ATP during oxidative stress impairs mouse MII oocyte spindles显示文摘尽管在母亲的老化和不孕的氧化应力的角色被建议了,内在的机制充分没被理解。现在的学习被设计在氧化应力下面在中期 II (MII ) 卵母细胞决定在 mitochondrial 功能和锭子稳定性之间的关系。MII 老鼠卵母细胞当面与 H2O2 被对待或渗透转变毛孔(PTP ) 的缺席块 ers cyclosporin A (CsA ) 。另外,抗氧化剂 N-acetylcysteine (NAC ) , F0/F1 synthase 禁止者 oligomycin A,线粒体 uncoupler 羰基氰化物 4-trifluoro-methoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP ) 或加 2.5 公里 Ca2+(Th+2.5 公里 Ca2+) 的 thapsigargin 在机械学的研究被使用。卵母细胞锭子和染色体的词法分析被执行并且 mitochondrial 膜潜力(DeltaPsim ) ,细胞质的免费的钙集中([Ca2+] c ) 并且在卵母细胞以内的细胞质的 ATP 内容也是 assayed。在一时间 -- 并且 H2O2 剂量依赖者举止,锭子在卵母细胞以后被发现的 meiotic 的混乱与 H2O2 被对待,它被预告的处理与 NAC 阻止。H2O2 的管理导致了 DeltaPsim 的驱散,的增加[Ca2+] 在细胞质的 ATP 的 c 和减少铺平。到 H2O2 处理的卵母细胞的这些有害回答能被孵化前与 CsA 堵住。类似于驱散的 H2O2,两 oligomycin A 和 FCCP DeltaPsim,减少的细胞质的 ATP 内容和拆卸的 MII 卵母细胞锭子,当时高[Ca2+] c 独自没在锭子形态学上有效果。在结论,在导出线粒体的 ATP 的减少可以在氧化应力期间引起老鼠 MII 卵母细胞锭子的拆卸,大概由于 mitochondrial PTP 的开始。 | Xiao Zhang~(1,2,*) Xue Qing Wu~(1,3,*) Shuang Lu~(4,5,6) Ying Lu Guo~1 Xu Ma~(4,5,6) ~1Peking University First Hospital,Institute of Urology of Peking University,Beijing 100034,China ~2Reproductive and Genetic Center of Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China ~3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Shanxi Medical University Second Hospital,Taiyuan 030000,China ~4Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning,Beijing 100038,China ~5Department of Genetics, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100038. China ~6 WHO Collaborative Center for Research in Human Reproduction,Beijing 100038,China | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，10： | 24 |
| 3 | Ureaplasma urealyticum infection and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells显示文摘Aim: To study the relationship between ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and apoptosis of human spennato-genie cells. Methods: Spermatogenic cells were observed under light microscope with Wright-Giemsa staining andby means of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP)-biotin nick-end labeling(TUNEL) technique. Results: Apoptotic rate of UU-infected males ( 15.5%±6.8% ) was significantly higherthan that of controls (5.2%±2.3 % ). Conclusion: Apoptosis of spermatogenic cells can be caused by UU in-fection, which provides further evidence for UU-induced male infertility. | Xue-Jun SHANG Yu-Feng HUANG Cheng-Liang XIONG Jian-Ping XU Lai YIN Chang-Chun WAN Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan 430030, China Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Medical Laboratory Science Center, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China | 1999 | Asian Journal of Andrology1999，1，3： | 16 |
| 4 | Different sperm sources and parameters can influence intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes before embryo implantation显示文摘To evaluate the effects of sperm with different parameters and sources on the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 1972 ICSI cycles were analyzed retrospectively. Groups 1 to 5 were composed of cycles using ejaculated sperm and were grouped according to sperm quantity, quality, and morphology into normal (288 cycles), or mild (329 cycles), moderate (522 cycles), severe (332 cycles), and extremely severe (171 cycles) oligozoospermia and/or asthenozoospermia and/or teratozoospermia (OAT) groups. Group 6 was composed of 250 cycles using testicular or epididymal sperm, and Group 7 consisted of 80 cycles using frozen-thawed sperm. We found that fertilization rates were gradually reduced from Groups 1 to 6, and reached statistical difference in Groups 5 and 6 (P<0.05). The high-quality embryo rate was higher in Group 1 than in Groups 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 (P<0.05). No statistical differences were observed in the rates of embryo cleavage, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, live-birth, premature birth, low birth weight, weeks of premature birth, average birth weight, or sex ratio for all seven groups (P>0.05). A total of nine cases of malformation were observed, with a malformation rate of 1.25% (9/719). In conclusion, different sperm sources and parameters can affect ICSI outcomes before embryo implantation. A full assessment of offspring mal-formation will require further study using a larger sample size. | Yue-hong LU1,2, Hui-juan GAO1, Bai-jia LI1, Ying-ming ZHENG1, Ying-hui YE1, Yu-li QIAN1, Chen-ming XU1, He-feng HUANG1, Fan JIN1 (1Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, and Key Laboratory of Women’s Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China) (2Department of Reproductive Health, Shaoxing Women and Children Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, China) | 2012 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2012，13，1： | 14 |
| 5 | Cryodamage to plasma membrane integrity in head and tail regions of human sperm显示文摘Aim: To investigate the effect of cryopreservation on the plasma membrane integrity in the head and tail regions of individual sperm, and the relationship between intact cryopreserved sperm and its motility and zona-free hamster oocyte penetration rate. Methods: The eosin Y exclusion and the hypoosmotic swelling tests were combined to form a single test (HOS-EY test) to identify the spermatozoa with four types of membrane integrity. Results: After cryopreservation, there was a marked decline in the percentage of spermatozoa with Type IV membrane integrity (head membrane intact/tail membrane intact), and a significant increase in those with Type Ⅰ (head membrane damaged/tail membrane damaged) and Type Ⅲ (head membrane damaged/tail membrane intact) membrane integrity (n = 50, P<0.01). The value of Type Ⅲ integrity had a wide range of variability, whereas Type II (head membrane intact/tail membrane damaged) was uncommon after thawing. A high correlation was observed between the percentage of Type Ⅳ integrity and sperm motility ( n = 50, r = 0.74, P < 0.01 ). However, the values of Type IV integrity were usually lower than those of post-thaw motility in most cryopreserved samples. The value of Type IV integrity did not correlate with the sperm penetration rate (n =25, r=0.22, P>0.05). Conclusion: (1) The HOS-EY test has the advantage of showing four patterns of membrane integrity in individual spermatozoon; (2) Cryopreservation causes a significant membrane rupture in the head and tail regions of spermatozoa; Type IT[ is the main transitional state of membrane cryodamage; (3) Cryodamage to head and tail membrane may occur independently; the presence of an intact tail membrane does not necessarily indicate the intactness of head membrane. (4) Intact membranes am closely related to postthaw motility, but do not reflect the fertilizing potential. | Wei-Jie ZHU Xue-Gao LIU Center for Reproductive Immunology Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China | 2000 | Asian Journal of Andrology2000，2，2： | 13 |
| 6 | Human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells:one potential resource for cell therapy显示文摘Pluripotent stem cells derived from somatic cells through such processes as nuclear transfer or induced pluripotent stem(iPS) cells present an important model for biomedical research and provide potential resources for cell replacement therapies.However,the overall efficiency of the conversional nuclear transfer is very low and the safety issue remains a major concern for iPS cells.Embryonic stem cells(ESCs) generated from parthenogenetic embryos are one attractive alternative as a source of histocompatible cells and tissues for cell therapy.Recent studies on human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells(hPG ESCs) have revealed that these ESCs are very similar to the hESCs derived from IVF or in vivo produced blastocysts in gene expression and other characteristics,but full differentiation and development potential of these hPG ESCs have to be further investigated before clinical research and therapeutic interventions.To generate various pluripotent stem cells,diverse reprogramming techniques and approaches will be developed and integrated.This may help elucidate the fundamental mechanisms underlying reprogramming and stem cell biology,and ultimately benefit cell therapy and regenerative medicine. | HAO Jie1,2,ZHU WanWan1,SHENG Chao1,YU Yang1,ZHOU Qi1 1 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology,Institute of Zoology,Beijing 100101,China 2 Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China | 2009 | Science China(Life Sciences)2009，52，7： | 12 |
| 7 | Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in cases with a history of in vitro fertilization failure显示文摘Aim:To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)in the management of cases with a history of conventional in vitro fertilization(IVF)failure.Methods:Two groups of patients,19 with normal semen parameters and a history of IVF failure(metaphase Ⅱ oocytes:0-30%)and 28 with severe male factor infertility received ICSI technology during the same period.Ovarian stimulation was achieved by conventional procedure.Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte collection was done 35-37 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin(hCG) injection.Only metaphase Ⅱ oocytes were selected for microinjection.Results:Fertilization was achieved with ICSI in all the patients.The fertilization rate(75.6%±2.11% vs.73.9%±19.2%),cleavage rate(85.1%±19.3% vs.82.7%±22.1%),clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer cycle(31.6%vs.28.6%)and implantation rate per embryo(15.3% vs 14.4%)aid not differ significantly between the two groups.Conclusion:ICSI is a valuable method for couples with a history of IVF failure.These patients may have a similar ICSI result as in severe male infertility. | Zhi-Ling LI, Hong LIN, Xin-Neng ZHANG, Wan-Fen XIAO Reproduction Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，1： | 12 |
| 8 | Molecular basis of cryptorchidism-induced infertility显示文摘Artificial cryptorchidism or local testicular heat treatment can induce reversible oligospermia or azoospermia in monkeys and rats via germ cell apoptosis. Local warming of monkey testes in water at 43°C for 2 consecutive days (30 min per day) decreased the number of sperm in the semen by up to 80% on d 28, and the effect was completely reversed on d 144. Germ cells rely heavily on Sertoli cells for structural and nutritional support. Specialized junctions that play a pivotal role in spermatogenesis occur at sites of Sertoli-Sertoli and Sertoli-germ cell contact in the seminiferous epithelium. We demonstrated that expression of tight junction (TJ)-associated molecules, such as occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), were greatly reduced 24–48 h after heat treatment, while the permeability of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) was simultaneously increased, but recovered 10 d later. These results indicate a reversible disruption of the BTB associated with transient inductions of transforming growth factor (TGF) β2 and β3 expression, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation, and concomitant loss of occludin and ZO-1. This suggests that expression of TJ-associated molecules and the BTB was reversibly perturbed by mild testicular hyperthermia, and that the heat-induced induction of TGF-β might be involved in downregulating TJ-associated proteins, leading to cell junction reduction. This review discusses the changes in total gene expression patterns after experimental cryptorchidism in adult mouse testes, and the cloning of several novel, physiologically significant spermatogenesis-specific genes. | LIU YiXun & LI XiXia State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，11： | 9 |
| 9 | Role of uterine natural killer cells in angiogenesis of human decidua of the first-trimester pregnancy显示文摘Decidualization is accompanied by extensive angiogenesis, which is an essential step in the maturation of new blood vessels in mammalian pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine a distribution of uNK cells (CD56+ uNK or CD56bright cells) in human decidua of the first-trimester pregnancy, and investigate whether uNK cells in human decidua could express vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and/or angiopoietin2 (Ang2). Our immunohistochemical staining results demonstrated that a great amount of uNK (CD56+) cells scattered throughout the decidual stroma and near endometrial gland and spiral vessels in human decidua. The protein expression of VEGF-A and Ang2 was detected in decidual stroma cells, capillary endothelial cells and glandular cells in tissue specimens. There was a positive correlation between microvessel density (MVD) and the number of the CD56-positive uNK cells in decidual stroma, and also between the number of the CD56-positive uNK cells and VEGF-A protein expression in the tissue. In addition, we found that uNK cells in human decidua could express VEGF-A mRNA, but not Ang2 mRNA, in isolated uNK cells in human decidua of the first-trimester gestation by combination of LCM and Nested-PCR. Our study indicated that uNK cells, through expressing VEGF-A, may play an important role in the angiogenic response at the time of human decidualization and early placenta development. | LI GuoHua1, HUANG Wei1, XIA QingJie2, YANG KaiXuan3, LIU RaoFang1, ZHU HuiLi1 & JIANG Wei4 1 Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China 2 West China Research Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China 3 Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China 4 Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，2： | 7 |
| 10 | Expression, distribution and function of the focal adhesion kinase (pp125^(FAK)) during murine ectoplacental cone outgrowth in vitro显示文摘Mouse embryo implantation is a complex process that includes trophoblast cells derived from ectoplacental cone (EPC) adhesion to and migration through the extracellular matrix (ECM) of uterine endometrium and invasion into the decidua. At the time of implantation, fibronectin (FN) is abundant in the decidua and is distributed pericellularly around each individual stromal cell, and its receptor (integrin α-5β-1) expression on trophoblast populations is up-regulated. The focal adhesion kinase, a 125 ku protein tyrosine kinase (pp125 FAK), is tyrosine phosphorylated upon integrin engagement with its ECM ligand, and its tyrosine phosphorylation sites then serve as the binding sites which couple it with cellular proteins that contain Src SH2 or SH3 domains. Through these linkages, pp125 FAK may integrate multiple signals triggered by integrins. The model of EPC culture %in vitro% was used to study the expression, distribution and function of pp125 FAK during EPC outgrowth on FN. Results indicated that, pp125 FAK primarily expressed and distributed in cellular focal adhesions of the front edge of trophoblast outgrowth from EPC, and was localized in the peripheral region of the individual migrating trophblast cell; antibody or antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to pp125 FAK inhibited EPC attachment and outgrowth, as well as trophoblast cells spreading and migration. This experiment demonstrated that pp125 FAK as an integrin-mediated signaling molecule was involved in EPC outgrowth %in vitro%, and played an important role during trophoblast cells interaction with FN. | ZHANG Chunyu 1,2, DUAN Enkui 1*, CAO Yujing+1and ZENG Guoqing+1 1. State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 2. Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Genet | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，17： | 5 |
| 11 | Embryonic hepatocyte transplantation for hepatic cirrhosis:Efficacy and mechanism of action显示文摘AIM:To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of allogeneic embryonic hepatocyte transplanta-tion for the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis.METHODS:Rat embryonic hepatocytes were char-acterized by examining cell markers.Wistar rats with CCl 4-induced cirrhosis were randomly divided into two groups:a model group receiving continuous CCl 4,and a cell transplantation group receiving continuous CCl 4 and transplanted with embryonic fluorescent-labeled hepatocytes.In addition,a normal control group was composed of healthy rats.All rats were sacrificed after 2 wk following the initiation of the cell transplant.Ul-trasound,pathological analyses and serum biochemical tests were used to evaluate the efficacy of embryonic hepatocyte transplantation.To analyze the recov-ery status of cirrhotic hepatocytes and the signaling pathways influenced by embryonic hepatocyte trans-plantation,real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to examine the mRNA expression of stellate activation-associated protein (STAP),c-myb,α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and endothelin-1 (ET-1).West-ern blotting and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect α-SMA and ET-1 protein expression in hepatic tissues.RESULTS:Gross morphological,ultrasound and his-topathological examinations,serum biochemical tests and radioimmunoassays demonstrated that hepatic cir-rhosis was successfully established in the Wistar rats.Stem cell factor receptor (c-kit),hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met),Nestin,α fetal protein,albu-min and cytokeratin19 markers were observed in the rat embryonic hepatocytes.Following embryonic hepa-tocyte transplantation,there was a significant reversal in the gross appearance,ultrasound findings,histo-pathological properties,and serum biochemical param-eters of the rat liver.In addition,after the activation of hepatic stellate cells and STAP signaling,α-SMA,c-myb and ET-1 mRNA levels became significantly lower than in the untreated cirrhotic group (P < 0.05).These levels,however,were not statistically different from those of the normal healthy group.Immunohisto-chemical staining and Western blot analyses revealed that α-SMA and ET-1 protein expression levels in the transplantation group were significantly lower than in the untreated cirrhotic group,but being not statistically different from the normal group.CONCLUSION:Transplantation of embryonic hepato-cytes in rats has therapeutic effects on cirrhosis.The described treatment may significantly reduce the ex-pression of STAP and ET-1. | Wen-Ting Bin,Qing Xu,Xiao-Lin Shi,Laboratory of Reproductive Biology,Department of Histology and Embryology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China Li-Mei Ma,Department of Histology and Embryology,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650031,Yunnan Province,China | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，4： | 4 |
| 12 | Role of ubiquitination in meiotic recombination repair显示文摘Programmed and unprogrammed double-strand breaks (DSBs) often arise from such physiological requirements as meiotic recombination, and exogenous insults, such as ionizing radiation (IR). Due to deleterious impacts on genome stability, DSBs must be appropriately processed and repaired in a regulatory manner. Recent investigations have indicated that ubiquitination is a critical factor in DNA damage response and meiotic recombination repair. This review summarizes the effects of proteins and complexes associated with ubiquitination with regard to homologous recombination (HR)-dependent DSB repair. | CUI Li & LI Wei State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，4： | 4 |
| 13 | Son Preference and Family Planning Practices among Married Men in Mumbai, India显示文摘ve To study son preferences and the contraceptive knowledge, attitude and practices of Indian | D. Balaiah, M. Ghule, D. D. Naik, P. Tapase, U. Iddya, R.C. Parida, K. T. Hazari A. KanburInstitute for Research in Reproduction, Indian Council of Medical Research, Parel Mumbai 400012, India | 2001 | Journal of Reproduction and Contraception2001，12，4： | 4 |
| 14 | IGF-Ⅱ and IGFBP-1 reversely regulate blastocyst implantation in mouse显示文摘Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-Ⅱ and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, members of IGF family, are important in the cyclic development of endometrium and the blastocyst implantation. In the present study, the indirect immunofluorescence showed that IGF- Ⅱ and IGFBP-1 were specifically expressed at the maternal-fetal interface. In a co-culture system, IGF-Ⅱ significantly enhanced the attachment and outgrowth of the blastocyst on monolayer of uterine epithelial cells, while IGFBP-1 did not affect the blastocyst attachment, but markedly inhibited the blastocyst outgrowth. The results of zymography showed that IGF- Ⅱ enhanced the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9, while IGFBP-1 did not affect the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. In conclusion, the equilibrium between the invasion of tro-phoblast and the inhibition of deciduas may be regulated by the interaction between the IGF- Ⅱ -expressing invading cy-totrophoblast and maternal deciduas-derived IGFBP-1. | TIAN Yongqiang, TIE Guodong, CAO Yujing, ZHAO Xingxu & DUAN Enkui1. State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 2. College of Vet Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，21： | 3 |
| 15 | Role of plasminogen activators and inhibitors in reproduction显示文摘The recent progress in the studies on the role of local and directed fibrinolysis controlled by plasminogen activators (PAs) and regulated by their inhibitors (PAIs) in reproduction is summarized. Hormone-induced coordinated expression of tissue type PA (tPA) and PAI type-1 (PAI-1) in the ovary is involved in the processes of ovulation and luteal regression; increases in urokinase type PA (uPA) and PAI-1 activity in the early stage of luteinized follicles may be responsible for ovarian tissue remodeling and angiogenesis; the PA system has been found to play an important role in spermatogenesis in testis and modulation of sperm maturation in epididymis. PA and matrix matalloproteanase (MMP) and their respective inhibitors have also been identified in trophoblast and uterus. The targeted proteolytic activity generated by the two systems may play an essential role in the processes of the cyclic uterine angiogenesis, implantation and pla-centation as well as parturition. | LIU YixunState Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080, China | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，8： | 3 |
| 16 | Derivation and characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines from poor quality embryos显示文摘Poor quality embryos discarded from in vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratories are good sources for deriving human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines. In this study, 166 poor quality embryos donated from IVF centers on day 3 were cultured in a blastocyst medium for 2 days, and 32 early blastocysts were further cultured in a blastocyst optimum culture medium for additional 2 days so that the inner cell masses (ICMs) could be identified and isolated easily. The ICMs of 17 blastocysts were isolated by a mechanical method, while those of the other 15 blastocysts were isolated by immunosurgery. All isolated ICMs were inoculated onto a feeder layer for subcultivation. The rates of ICM at- tachment, primary ICM colony formation and the efficiency of hESC derivation were similar between the ICMs isolated by the two methods (P>0.05). As a result, four new hESC lines were established. Three cell lines had normal karyotypes and one had an unbalanced Robertsonian translocation. All cell lines showed normal hESC characteristics and had the differentiation ability. In conclusion, we established a stable and effective method for hESC isolation and culture, and it was confirmed that the mechanical isolation was an effective method to isolate ICMs from poor embryos. These results further indicate that hESC lines can be derived from poor quality embryos discarded by IVF laboratories. | Weiqiang Liu, Yifei Yin, Xiaolin Long, Yumei Luo, Yonghua Jiang, Wenhong Zhang, Hongzi Du, Shaoying Li, Yuhong Zheng, Qing Li, Xinjie Chen, Baoping Liao, Guohong Xiao, Weihua Wang, Xiaofang Sun Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetics Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510150, China | 2009 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2009，36，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibits Expression of Re-com binantPorcine Follicle-Stim ulating Horm one Receptor显示文摘To assess the role of follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR) gene expression in regulating expression of FSHR protein in the plasma membrane, the effects of a porcine FSHR cDNA antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) on FSHR mRNA levels and 125 I FSH binding were determined in Chinese hamster ovary cells expression recombinant porcine FSHR (pFSHR CHO cells). An 18 mer phosphorothioate endcapped antisense ODN that corresponded to the region surrounding the translation initiation codon of the porcine FSHR cDNA was synthesized. An 18 mer nonsense sequence of identical nucleotide composition, which had little homology to known DNA sequences, was synthesized for use as a control. pFSHR CHO cells were cultured in 24 well plates (10 5 cells/well) in the absence or presence of 1 20 μmol/L antisense or nonsense ODN for 24 h and then assayed for porcine FSHR mRNA, using quantitative reverse transcription and competitive polymerase chain reaction, and for 125 I FSH binding activity. Treatment with 10 μmol/L antisense ODN caused a paradoxical increase in porcine FSHR mRNA from 0.89±0.06 to 1.64±0.08 ng/mg total RNA ( P <0.05). Transfection with lipofectamine and 0.33 μmol/L antisense ODN caused an increase in porcine mRNA from 0.95±0.08 to 1.53±0.07 ng/mg total RAN. This was probably due to upregulation of mRNA synthesis resulting from inhibition of porcine FSHR protein translation. The nonsense ODN had no effect on porcine FSHR mRNA. Antisense, but not nonsense, ODN (10 μmol/L) inhibited membrane binding of 125 I FSH by 13.6± 0.8 % ( P <0.05) in 24 h. Treatment of cells with antisense ODN (10 μmol/L) for 48 h resulted in a 76±1.5 % ( P <0.05) inhibition of 125 I FSH binding. In contrast, transfection with lipofectamine and 0.33 μmol/L antisense ODN at 0 h caused a 76.1±1.3 % ( P <0.05) reduction in binding within 24 h. Binding had returned to 52.3±2.3 % ( P < 0.05) of normal by 48 h. These results indicate that an antisense ODN corresponding to the region of the translation start site of the porcine FSHR cDNA is an effective specific inhibitor of porcine FSHR synthesis and that inhibition of receptor synthesis causes a decrease in functional membrane bound FSHR. | ZHU Changhong 1, Mark D. Nixon 2, WANG Yifang 1, Andrew R. LaBarbera 3 1 Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan 430030 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267 0526 3 Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267 0526 | 1999 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)1999，19，3： | 2 |
| 18 | At the crossroad of conception and infection: initiatives for immunoglobulin-based contraceptive R & D显示文摘Better understanding of the immunological inechanisms implying the insemination and the infertility of some menand women is needed and crucial to the developnlent of an effective imlntmocona'aceptive method. To provide goodprotection against conception or infection, and avoid any possible and unexpected complications which immunocontra-cepfive 'vaccine' my arise of, it seems the right time for scientists to create a virtually new thinking for this extremelyurgent and important issue. This conceptual article describes our original thoughts of the future development of im-munocontracepdves, preferably, based on immunoglobulins rather than vaccines, against human sperm specific antigensand seminal plasma immtmosuppressive factors. Its general correctness, advantages and feasibility for fertility regula-tion and prevention of infection are discussed. | Nian-Qing LU Yi-Fei WANG Yu-Feng HUANG Xing-Hai WANG Jiangsu Family Planning Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Reproductive Health and Research, WHO, 20 Avenue Appia, CH 1211 Geneva, Switzerland Nanjing General Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China | 1999 | Asian Journal of Andrology1999，1，3： | 2 |
| 19 | Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis: 1996显示文摘 | American Society for Reproductive Medicine | 1997 | Fertility and Sterility1997，，5： | 2 |
| 20 | Follicular growth,differentiation and atresia显示文摘Only limited numbers of primordial follicles in mammalian ovary grow and differentiate to reach the stage of dominate follicles and ovulate. 99% of the follicles in the ovary undergo atresia at various stages of development. Regulation of follicular growth, development and atresia is a complex process and involves interactions between endocrine factors and intraovarian regulators. This review summa-rized:ⅰ) FSH may not be a survival factor in regulating slow-growing preantral follicles. Some locally produced growth factors, activin and orphan receptors might play a more important role at this stage. ⅱ) Estrogen, activin/ inhibin and follistatin coordinate with FSH to regulate and control follicle differentiation. ⅲ) There are two types of follicular atresia induced by apoptosis which originates from GC or oocyte, respectively. Early translation of tPA mRNA into tPA protein in oocyte may be associated with oocyte apoptosis. | JIN Xuan & LIU Yixun State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biololgy, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，17： | 2 |
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