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| 1 | Daily CO_(2) Emission Reduction Indicates the Control of Activities to Contain COVID-19 in China显示文摘Lockdown measures are essential to containing the spread of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but they will slow down economic growth by reducing industrial and commercial activities.However,the benefits of activity control from containing the pandemic have not been examined and assessed.Here we use daily carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission reduction in China estimated from statistical data for energy consumption and satellite data for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))measured by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI)as an indicator for reduced activities consecutive to a lockdown.We perform a correlation analysis to show that a 1%day-1 decrease in the rate of COVID-19 cases is associated with a reduction in daily CO_(2) emissions of 0.22%±0.02%using statistical data for energy consumption relative to emissions without COVID-19,or 0.20%±0.02%using satellite data for atmospheric column NO_(2).We estimate that swift action in China is effective in limiting the number of COVID-19 cases<100,000 with a reduction in CO_(2) emissions of up to 23%by the end of February 2020,whereas a 1-week delay would have required greater containment and a doubling of the emission reduction to meet the same goal.By analyzing the costs of health care and fatalities,we find that the benefits on public health due to reduced activities in China are 10-fold larger than the loss of gross domestic product.Our findings suggest an unprecedentedly high cost of maintaining activities and CO_(2) emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic and stress substantial benefits of containment in public health by taking early actions to reduce activities during the outbreak of COVID-19. | Rong Wang Yuankang Xiong Xiaofan Xing Ruipu Yang Jiarong Li Yijing Wang Junji Cao Yves Balkanski Josep Peñuelas Philippe Ciais Didier Hauglustaine Jordi Sardans Jianmin Chen Jianmin Ma Tang Xu Haidong Kan Yan Zhang Tomohiro Oda Lidia Morawska Renhe Zhang Shu Tao | 2020 | The Innovation2020，1，3： | 1 |
| 2 | Tip-induced bond weakening, tilting, and hopping of a single CO molecule on Cu(100)显示文摘The interaction between a probing tip and an adsorbed molecule can significantly impact the molecular chemical structure and even induce its motion on the surface.In this study,the tip-induced bond weakening,tilting,and hopping processes of a single molecule were investigated by sub-nanometre resolved tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(TERS).We used single carbon monoxide(CO)molecules adsorbed on the Cu(100)surface as a model system for the investigation.The vibrational frequency of the C−O stretching mode is always redshifted as the tip approaches,revealing the weakening of the C−O bond owing to tip−molecule interactions.Further analyses of both the vibrational Stark effect and TERS imaging patterns suggest a delicate tilting phenomenon of the adsorbed CO molecule on Cu(100),which eventually leads to lateral hopping of the molecule.While a tilting orientation is found toward the hollow site along the[110]direction of the Cu(100)surface,the hopping event is more likely to proceed via the bridge site to the nearest Cu neighbour along the[100]or[010]direction.Our results provide deep insights into the microscopic mechanisms of tip−molecule interactions and tip-induced molecular motions on surfaces at the single-bond level. | Xiaoru Dong Ben Yang Rui Zhu Ruipu Wang Yang Zhang Yao Zhang Zhenchao Dong | 2022 | Light(Advanced Manufacturing)2022，3，4： | 0 |
| 3 | Optimization of Multi-Execution Modes and Multi-Resource-Constrained Offshore Equipment Project Scheduling Based on a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm显示文摘Offshore engineering construction projects are large and complex,having the characteristics of multiple execution modes andmultiple resource constraints.Their complex internal scheduling processes can be regarded as resourceconstrained project scheduling problems(RCPSPs).To solve RCPSP problems in offshore engineering construction more rapidly,a hybrid genetic algorithmwas established.To solve the defects of genetic algorithms,which easily fall into the local optimal solution,a local search operation was added to a genetic algorithm to defend the offspring after crossover/mutation.Then,an elitist strategy and adaptive operators were adopted to protect the generated optimal solutions,reduce the computation time and avoid premature convergence.A calibrated function method was used to cater to the roulette rules,and appropriate rules for encoding,decoding and crossover/mutation were designed.Finally,a simple network was designed and validated using the case study of a real offshore project.The performance of the genetic algorithmand a simulated annealing algorithmwas compared to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach. | Qi Zhou Jinghua Li Ruipu Dong Qinghua Zhou Boxin Yang | 2023 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2023，，2： | 0 |
| 4 | Experimental study on flow excursion instability of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel in scramjet regenerative cooling parallel channels显示文摘Flow instability of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel is a crucial issue in scramjet regenerative cooling structure. In this study, flow excursion instability and flow distribution in parallel tubes were experimentally studied for supercritical fluids. Two types of flow excursion occur in a single tube. Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ excursions, and they are corresponding to decreasing and increasing flow rate respectively. They can trigger flow maldistribution between parallel tubes and the hysteresis phenomenon of flow distribution. The effects of system parameters, including inlet temperature,system pressure, and heat flux, on flow distribution were analyzed. In addition, the relationship between flow excursion and the pseudo-critical interval proposed in the literature was established according to the heated tube outlet temperature at the onset of flow instability. Finally, the flow excursion instability boundary was obtained using two dimensionless parameters. These experimental results can provide helpful insight on the mechanism of Scramjet regenerative cooling. | Xiaoyong LIU Zhuqiang YANG Ruipu MIAO Feng LIU Shujun ZHAO Qincheng BI | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2023，36，1： | 0 |
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