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| 1 | 在 7T 的多原子的磁性的回声光谱学的应用显示文摘 AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of metabolism.made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS respectively. RESULTS: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these me-tabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and GABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P < 0.05). In muscle, the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 7T enables interleaved studies of glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and refeeding. Glycogen levels were sig-nificantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the study. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies. | Mary C Stephenson Frances Gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L Greenhaff Ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis Peter G Morris | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Ul-traviolet (UV) disinfetion of grey water: Particle size effects显示文摘 | Winward G P Avery L M Stephenson T | 2008 | Enviromental Technology2008，29，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Glutathione conjugation: a detoxification pathway for fenoxapropethyl in barley, crabgrass, oat and wheat显示文摘 | TAL J A ROMANO M L STEPHENSON G R | 1993 | Pestic Biochem Physiol1993，46，： | 1 |
| 4 | Mycorrhizae form Denali National Park and Reserve, Alaska 显示文摘 | Treu R Laursen G A Stephenson S L | 1996 | Mycorrhiza1996，6，： | 1 |
| 5 | Resist ance to quinclorac and ALS-inhibitor herbicides in Galium spurium is conferred by two distinct genes 显示文摘 | Van Eerd L L McLean M D Stephenson G R | 2004 | Weed Re search2004，44，： | 1 |
| 6 | A review of the effects of humidity, humectants and surfactant com- position on the absorption and efficacy of highly water- soluble herbicides 显示文摘 | Ramsey R J L Stephenson G R Hall J C | 2005 | Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology2005，82，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Organic and hydraulic shock loadings on a biological aerated filter 显示文摘 | Mendoza-Espinosa L G Stephenson T | 2001 | Environmental Technology2001，22，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Morphological and anatomical responses of Lythrum salicaria purple looses trifetoanimposed water gradient显示文摘 | STEVENS K J PETERSON R L STEPHENSON G R | 1997 | International Journal of Plant Sciences1997，158，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of molasses, sodium bentonite and zealot on urea toxicity 显示文摘 | Stephenson R G A Huff J L Krebs G | 1992 | Austr J Agric Res1992，43，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Organic and hydraulic shock loadings on a biological aerated filter 显示文摘 | Mendoza-Espinosa L G Stephenson T | 2001 | Environ Techno12001，22，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Chlorine disinfection of grey water for reuse: Effect of organics and particles 显示文摘 | W1NWARD G P AVWEY L M STEPHENSON T | 2008 | Water Res2008，42，： | 1 |
| 12 | Confronting the avian influenza threat: vaccine development for a potential pandemic 显示文摘 | Stephenson L Nicholson K G Wood J M | 2004 | The Lancet Infectious Diseases2004，4，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Full-length HIV-1immunogens induce greater magnitude and comparable breadth of T lymphocyte responses to conserved HIV-1regions compared with conserved-region-only HIV-1immunogens in rhesus monkeys显示文摘 | Stephenson K E SanMiguel A Simmons N L Smith K Lewis M G Szinger J J Korber B Barouch D H | 2012 | J Virol2012，86，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Applications of toxicity curves in assessing the toxicity of diazinon and pentachlorophenol to Lumbricus terrestris in natural soils显示文摘 | LANNO R P STEPHENSON G L WREN C D | 1997 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry1997，29，34： | 1 |
| 15 | The effect of monooxygenase and glutathione S-transferase inhibitors on the metabolism of diclofop-methyl and fenoxaprop-methyl in barley and wheat显示文摘 | Romano M L Stephenson G R Tal A | 1993 | Pestic Biochem Physiol1993，46，： | 1 |
| 16 | Glutathione conjugation:a detoxification pathway for fenoxaprop-ethyl in barley, crabgrassl, oat, and wheat 显示文摘 | Tal A Romano M L Stephenson G R | 1993 | Pestic tn''ochem physiol1993，46，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Mycorrhizae from denali nation park and preserve 显示文摘 | Treu R Laursen G A Stephenson S L | 1996 | Alaska Mycorrhiza1996，，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Prediction of mortality in adult emergency department patients with sepsis 显示文摘 | Vorwerk C Loryman B Coats T J Stephenson J A Gray L D Reddy G | 2009 | Emerg MedJ2009，26，： | 1 |
| 19 | Environmental factors affect pollen performance:Ecological and evolutionary perspectives显示文摘 | Delph L F Johansson M H Stephenson A G | 1997 | Ecology1997，78，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Glutathione conjugation:A detoxification pathway for fenoxaprop-ethyl in barley,crabgrass,oat,and wheat显示文摘 | Tal A Romano M L Stephenson G R | 1993 | Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology1993，46，3： | 1 |
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