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| 1 | A Microscale Model for Air Pollutant Dispersion Simulation in Urban Areas: Presentation of the Model and Performance over a Single Building显示文摘A microscale air pollutant dispersion model system is developed for emergency response purposes. The model includes a diagnostic wind field model to simulate the wind field and a random-walk air pollutant dispersion model to simulate the pollutant concentration through consideration of the influence of urban buildings. Numerical experiments are designed to evaluate the model's performance, using CEDVAL(Compilation of Experimental Data for Validation of Microscale Dispersion Models) wind tunnel experiment data, including wind fields and air pollutant dispersion around a single building. The results show that the wind model can reproduce the vortexes triggered by urban buildings and the dispersion model simulates the pollutant concentration around buildings well. Typically, the simulation errors come from the determination of the key zones around a building or building cluster. This model has the potential for multiple applications; for example, the prediction of air pollutant dispersion and the evaluation of environmental impacts in emergency situations; urban planning scenarios;and the assessment of microscale air quality in urban areas. | Ning ZHANG Yunsong DU Shiguang MIAO | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Evaluation of a Micro-scale Wind Model's Performance over Realistic Building Clusters Using Wind Tunnel Experiments显示文摘The simulation performance over complex building clusters of a wind simulation model(Wind Information Field Fast Analysis model, WIFFA) in a micro-scale air pollutant dispersion model system(Urban Microscale Air Pollution dispersion Simulation model, UMAPS) is evaluated using various wind tunnel experimental data including the CEDVAL(Compilation of Experimental Data for Validation of Micro-Scale Dispersion Models) wind tunnel experiment data and the NJU-FZ experiment data(Nanjing University-Fang Zhuang neighborhood wind tunnel experiment data). The results show that the wind model can reproduce the vortexes triggered by urban buildings well, and the flow patterns in urban street canyons and building clusters can also be represented. Due to the complex shapes of buildings and their distributions, the simulation deviations/discrepancies from the measurements are usually caused by the simplification of the building shapes and the determination of the key zone sizes. The computational efficiencies of different cases are also discussed in this paper. The model has a high computational efficiency compared to traditional numerical models that solve the Navier–Stokes equations, and can produce very high-resolution(1–5 m) wind fields of a complex neighborhood scale urban building canopy(~ 1 km ×1km) in less than 3 min when run on a personal computer. | Ning ZHANG Yunsong DU Shiguang MIAO Xiaoyi FANG | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，8： | 3 |
| 3 | Advances in Urban Meteorological Research in China显示文摘Over the past decades,a large number of studies have been carried out in the field of urban meteorology in China.This paper summarizes the main progress in urban meteorology research from four aspects:urban meteorological observation network and field campaign,multi-scale model of urban meteorology,interaction between urban meteorology and atmospheric environment,and the impacts of urbanization on weather and climate.Major advances are as follows.China’s major cities have established or are improving comprehensive urban meteorological observation networks characterized by multi-platform,multi-variable,multi-scale,multi-link,and multi-function.Beijing,Nanjing,Shanghai,and other cities carried out urban meteorological field campaigns,which were included in the WMO research demonstration project.Wind tunnel experiments and scale-model outdoor experiments were successfully conducted.Multi-scale urban meteorological and air quality prediction numerical model systems have been developed and put into operational use.The urban heat island effect;urban impacts on precipitation,regional climate,and air quality;urban planning;and interaction between urban meteorology and atmospheric environment are extensively investigated.Finally,efforts to improve observational technology,data assimilation,and urban system modeling,to explore the impacts of urbanization on environment and human health,and to provide integrated urban hydro-meteorological climate and environmental services are planned ahead. | Shiguang MIAO Weimei JIANG Ping LIANG Hongnian LIU Xuemei WANG Jianguo TAN Ning ZHANG Ju LI Wupeng DU Lin PEI | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，2： | 2 |
| 4 | An Early Cretaceous gold mineralization event in the Triassic West Qinling orogen revealed from U-Pb titanite dating of the Ma'anqiao gold deposit显示文摘The West Qinling orogen in central China,formed from continental collision between the North China and Yangtze cratons in the Late Triassic,hosts numerous gold deposits with a total Au endowment of about 2000 t.Most deposits were emplaced at ca.250-195 Ma and are genetically associated with the Triassic orogenesis.Here in situ U-Pb titanite dating with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicates the Ma’anqiao gold deposit in the northern portion of this orogen has a distinctive age and under a contrasting tectonic regime.This structurally controlled gold deposit is hosted in Late Ordovician to Early Silurian sub-greenschist facies metasedimentary rocks.The gold mineralization is hosted in quartz-pyritepyrrhotite veins and pyrite-pyrrhotite disseminations in hydrothermally altered rocks,which are crosscut by K-feldspar-calcitechlorite±pyrite veins.Titanite,present both in the disseminated sulfide ores and later veins,was used for in situ U-Pb dating.Titanite from three disseminated sulfide ore samples with Th and U averaging 27.46 and 39.31 ppm(1 ppm=1μg g^(-1)),respectively,yielded lower-intercept ages of 121.1±3.1 to 120.7±3.5 Ma(2σ)in the Tera-Wasserburg diagram.Titanite from three later vein samples with much lower Th and U concentrations averaging 2.74 and 16.21 ppm,respectively,yielded overlapping ages of 120.8±3.2 to 120.3±5.8 Ma(2σ).These new titanite U-Pb ages tightly constrain the formation of the Ma’anqiao gold deposit at ca.121-120 Ma and,when combined with independent geological data,indicate it is not related to the Triassic Qinling orogeny.Rather,its formation is attributed to lithospheric thinning and destruction of the North China craton during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous which has generated numerous gold deposits along the southern margin of this craton.This catastrophic event caused extensive magmatism in large areas of the North Qinling terrane and northern edge of the West Qinling orogen immediately to the south of the North China craton.The heat flux and elevated geothermal gradients associated with this magmatism could have induced prograde metamorphism of the Paleozoic sedimentary infrastructure in and beneath these areas with the derived fluids ascending along pre-existing crustal-scale regional structures to form the Ma’anqiao gold deposit.We suggest that areas in the North Qinling terrane that have been affected by the Late Mesozoic magmatism are potential targets for future exploration of the decratonization-related gold deposits.Additionally,this study highlights the use of titanite U-Pb dating as a robust geochronometer for metasedimentary rock-hosted gold deposits in Phanerozoic orogens,which has previously not been utilized. | Chongguo HE Jianwei LI Daniel J.KONTAK Xiaoye JIN Yafei WU Hao HU Bo ZU Xueling YU Shaorui ZHAO Shiguang DU Yunlong ZHU Huan TAO | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，2： | 0 |
| 5 | The Paleozoic Huoshenmiao iron skarn deposit in the Tongbai area of North Qinling Orogen,China:Insights from garnet U-Pb dating and geological constraints显示文摘The Qinling Orogen is a composite orogenic belt that can be subdivided into the North and South Qinling,broadly separated by the Shangdan suture zone.These two orogenic belts were generated by subduction-collisional processes in the Early Paleozoic and Late Triassic,respectively.During the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous,the eastern portion of the Qinling Orogen was tectonically reactivated due to westerly subduction of the Izanagi plate underneath the East China continental margin.The Qinling Orogen is well-endowed with numerous Au,Mo,Ag-Pb-Zn deposits that predominantly formed in the Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous,with rare Paleozoic varieties documented.In this study,we present garnet and zircon U-Pb dating results to show that the Huoshenmiao iron skarn deposit in the Tongbai area of North Qinling orogenic belt formed in the Early Silurian and is genetically related to subduction-related magmatism.The Huoshenmiao deposit consists of lenticular and stratiform orebodies that contain massive or densely disseminated magnetite variably associated with garnet,diopside,epidote,hornblende,and actinolite.Garnets from iron ores are andradite and grossular in composition(Ad_(83.1)Gr_(13.3)-Ad_(86.5)Gr_(10.2))and characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements(ΣLREE=57.85-103.82 ppm)and depletion in heavy rare earth elements(ΣHREE=5.50-11.34 ppm),with significantly positive Eu and Ce anomalies(δEu of 1.09-1.89 andδCe of 1.39-1.69).These compositional signatures are distinctly different from those of garnets in the ore-hosting metamorphic rocks that are typically dominated by almandine,spessartine and grossular(Al_(47.4)Sp_(30.4)Gr_(13.8)-Al_(51.9)Sp_(24.8)Gr_(17.6)),depleted in LREE(0.14-0.69 ppm),enriched in HREE(95.68-841.60 ppm)and have pronounced negative Eu anomalies(δEu=0.24-0.51).In addition,garnets from iron ores of the Huoshenmiao deposit contain abundant daughter mineral-bearing,multiphase fluid inclusions,further confirming their hydrothermal origin.Two samples of those hydrothermal garnets yield U-Pb dates of 437±9 Ma and 437±10 Ma(2σ),revealing a Paleozoic mineralization event that has long been ignored and rarely documented.These garnet dates agree well with zircon U-Pb dates of 438±4 Ma to 436±3 Ma for a gabbroic diorite and 430±4 Ma for a granite intrusion in close proximity of the mine,supporting a possible genetic link between the iron mineralization and Early Silurian magmatism.The Paleozoic intrusions are enriched in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs:Ba,K,Sr)and LREEs,depleted in high field strength elements(HFSEs:Nb,Ta,P,Ti),have whole-rock(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i,ε_(Nd)(t),and zirconεHf(t)values of 0.7039-0.7042,3.32-4.33,and 13.0-14.9,respectively.These geochemical and isotopic characteristics suggest that the Paleozoic intrusions were affiliated with arc magmatism triggered by subduction of the Shangdan oceanic plate in the Early Paleozoic.Recognition of the Silurian Huoshenmiao iron skarn deposit opens a new window for exploration of Paleozoic mineral resources in the Tongbai area and other portions of the North Qinling Orogen. | Mingchun CHAI Hao HU Jianwei LI Shiguang DU Linfeng HOU | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，12： | 0 |
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