| 3 | Pharmacokinetics of the prototype and hydrolyzed carboxylic forms of ginkgolides A, B, and K administered as a ginkgo diterpene lactones meglumine injection in beagle dogs显示文摘Ginkgo diterpene lactones meglumine injection(GDLI)is a commercially available product used for neuroprotection.However,the pharmacokinetic properties of the prototypes and hydrolyzed carboxylic forms of the primary components in GDLI,i.e.,ginkgolide A(GA),ginkgolide B(GB),and ginkgolide K(GK),have never been fully evaluated in beagle dogs.In this work,a simple,sensitive,and reliable method based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UFLC-MS/MS)was developed,and the prototypes and total amounts of GA,GB,and GK were determined in beagle dog plasma.The plasma concentrations of the hydrolyzed carboxylic forms were calculated by subtracting the prototype concentrations from the total lactone concentrations.For the first time,the pharmacokinetics of GA,GB,and GK were fully assessed in three forms,i.e.,the prototypes,the hydrolyzed carboxylic forms,and the total amounts,after intravenous administration of GDLI in beagle dogs.It was shown that ginkgolides primarily existed in the hydrolyzed form in plasma,and the ratio of hydrolysates to prototype forms of GA and GB decreased gradually to a homeostatic ratio.All of the three forms of the three ginkgolides showed linear exposure of AUC to the dosages.GA,GB,and GK showed a constant half-life approximately 2.7,3.4,and 1.2 h,respectively,which were consistent for the forms at three dose levels(0.3,1.0,and 3.0 mg·kg^(-1))and after a consecutive injection of GDLI for 7 days(1.0 mg·kg^(-1)). | WANG Shu-Yao A Ji-Ye FEI Fei GENG Jian-Liang PENG Ying OUYANG Bing-Chen WANG Pei JIN Xiao-Liang ZHAO Yu-Qing WANG Jian-Kun GENG Ting LI Yan-Jing HUA NG Wen-Zhe WANG Zhen-Zhong XIAO Wei WANG Guang-Ji | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2017,15,10: | 9 |
| 4 | Fungal diversity notes 1–110:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal species显示文摘This paper is a compilation of notes on 110 fungal taxa,including one new family,10 new genera,and 76 new species,representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range.The new family,Paradictyoarthriniaceae is introduced based on its distinct lineage in Dothideomycetes and its unique morphology.The family is sister to Biatriosporaceae and Roussoellaceae.The new genera are Allophaeosphaeria(Phaeosphaeriaceae),Amphibambusa(Amphisphaeriaceae),Brunneomycosphaerella(Capnodiales genera incertae cedis),Chaetocapnodium(Capnodiaceae),Flammeascoma(Anteagloniaceae),Multiseptospora(Pleosporales genera incertae cedis),Neogaeumannomyces(Magnaporthaceae),Palmiascoma(Bambusicolaceae),Paralecia(Squamarinaceae)and Sarimanas(Melanommataceae).The newly described species are the Ascomycota Aliquandostipite manochii,Allophaeosphaeria dactylidis,A.muriformia,Alternaria cesenica,Amphibambusa bambusicola,Amphisphaeria sorbi,Annulohypoxylon thailandicum,Atrotorquata spartii,Brunneomycosphaerella laburni,Byssosphaeria musae,Camarosporium aborescentis,C.aureum,C.frutexensis,Chaetocapnodium siamensis,Chaetothyrium agathis,Colletotrichum sedi,Conicomyces pseudotransvaalensis,Cytospora berberidis,C.sibiraeae,Diaporthe thunbergiicola,Diatrype palmicola,Dictyosporium aquaticum,D.meiosporum,D.thailandicum,Didymella cirsii,Dinemasporium nelloi,Flammeascoma bambusae,Kalmusia italica,K.spartii,Keissleriella sparticola,Lauriomyces synnematicus,Leptosphaeria ebuli,Lophiostoma pseudodictyosporium,L.ravennicum,Lophiotrema eburnoides,Montagnula graminicola,Multiseptospora thailandica,Myrothecium macrosporum,Natantispora unipolaris,Neogaeumannomyces bambusicola,Neosetophoma clematidis,N.italica,Oxydothis atypica,Palmiascoma gregariascomum,Paraconiothyrium nelloi,P.thysanolaenae,Paradictyoarthrinium tectonicola,Paralecia pratorum,Paraphaeosphaeria spartii,Pestalotiopsis digitalis,P.dracontomelon,P.italiana,Phaeoisaria pseudoclematidis,Phragmocapnias philippinensis,Pseudocamarosporium cotinae,Pseudocercospora tamarindi,Pseudotrichia rubriostiolata,P.thailandica,Psiloglonium multiseptatum,Saagaromyces mangrovei,Sarimanas pseudofluviatile,S.shirakamiense,Tothia spartii,Trichomerium siamensis,Wojnowicia dactylidicola,W.dactylidis and W.lonicerae.The Basidiomycota Agaricus flavicentrus,A.hanthanaensis,A.parvibicolor,A.sodalis,Cantharellus luteostipitatus,Lactarius atrobrunneus,L.politus,Phylloporia dependens and Russula cortinarioides are also introduced.Epitypifications or reference specimens are designated for Hapalocystis berkeleyi,Meliola tamarindi,Pallidocercospora acaciigena,Phaeosphaeria musae,Plenodomus agnitus,Psiloglonium colihuae,P.sasicola and Zasmidium musae while notes and/or new sequence data are provided for Annulohypoxylon leptascum,A.nitens,A.stygium,Biscogniauxia marginata,Fasciatispora nypae,Hypoxylon fendleri,H.monticulosum,Leptosphaeria doliolum,Microsphaeropsis olivacea,Neomicrothyrium,Paraleptosphaeria nitschkei,Phoma medicaginis and Saccotheciaceae.A full description of each species is provided with light micrographs(or drawings).Molecular data is provided for 90 taxa and used to generate phylogenetic trees to establish a natural classification for species. | Jian Kui Liu Kevin D.Hyde E.B.Gareth Jones Hiran A.Ariyawansa Darbhe J.Bhat Saranyaphat Boonmee Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Eric H.C.McKenzie Rungtiwa Phookamsak Chayanard Phukhamsakda Belle Damodara Shenoy Mohamed A,Abdel-Wahab Bart Buyck Jie Chen K.W.Thilini Chethana Chonticha Singtripop Dong Qin Dai Yu Cheng Dai Dinushani ADaranagama Asha J.Dissanayake Mingkwan Doilom Melvina J.D’souza Xin Lei Fan Ishani DGoonasekara Kazuyuki Hirayama Sinang Hongsanan Subashini C.Jayasiri Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Samantha C.Karunarathna Wen Jing Li Ausana Mapook Chada Norphanphoun Ka Lai Pang Rekhani H.Perera Derek Peršoh Umpava Pinruan Indunil CSenanayake Sayanh Somrithipol Satinee Suetrong Kazuaki Tanaka Kasun M.Thambugala Qing Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Danushka Udayanga Nalin N.Wijayawardene Dhanuska Wanasinghe Komsit Wisitrassameewong Xiang Yu Zeng Faten AAbdel-Aziz Slavomir Adamčík Ali H.Bahkali Nattawut Boonyuen Timur Bulgakov Philippe Callac Putarak Chomnunti Katrin Greiner Akira Hashimoto Valerie Hofstetter Ji Chuan Kang David Lewis Xing Hong Li Xing Zhong Liu Zuo Yi Liu Misato Matsumura Peter E.Mortimer Gerhard Rambold Emile Randrianjohany Genki Sato Veera Sri-Indrasutdhi Cheng Ming Tian Annemieke Verbeken Wolfgang von Brackel Yong Wang Ting Chi Wen Jian Chu Xu Ji Ye Yan Rui Lin Zhao Erio Camporesi | 2015 | Fungal Diversity2015,,3: | 3 |