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| 1 | Further support for a Cretaceous age for the feathered-dinosaur beds of Liaoning,China:New ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar dating of the Yixian and Tuchengzi Formations显示文摘We report new 40Ar/39Ar dating results ob-tained from total fusion and incremental-heating analyses of sanidine and biotite from three tuffs found interbedded within the fossil-bearing deposits of Liaoning, northeast China. The first is a new sample of the Bed 6 Sihetun tuff from the Yixian Formation, previously dated by our team as middle Early Cretaceous, and recently considered by Lo et al., partially reset due to metamorphism from a nearby ba-saltic sill. The second is the Yixian Bed 9 tuff from Heng-daozi considered by Lo et al. to be unaffected by metamor-phism and whose age, based on total fusion 40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite, argues for a Jurassic age for the Yixian Formation. The third tuff is a previously undated tuff from the upper part of the underlying Tuchengzi Formation. Single crystal total fusion 40Ar/39Ar analyses of the Sihetun sanidine showed homogeneous radiogenic Ar, Ca/K ratios, excellent reproducibility and gave a mean age of 125.0 ± 0.18 (1SD) ± 0.04 (SE) Ma. Single sanidine | C. C. Swisher III, WANG Xiaolin, ZHOU Zhonghe, WANG Yuanqing, JIN Fan, ZHANG Jiangyong , XU Xing, ZHANG Fucheng & WANG YuanDepartment of Geological Sciences, Wright Labs, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA (e-mail: cswish@rutgers. rci.e | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，2： | 83 |
| 2 | A nearly completely articulated rhamphorhynchoid pterosaur with exceptionally well-preserved wing membranes and 'hairs' from Inner Mongolia, northeast China显示文摘We report a new and nearly completely articu-lated rhamphorhynchoid pterosaur, Jeholopterus ningchen-gensis gen. et sp. nov., with excellently preserved fibres in the wing membrane and 'hairs' in the neck, body and tail re-gions. Many of its characteristics such as a short neck, short metacarpals and distinctively long fifth pedal digit are char-acteristic of rhamphorhynchoids. The new species can be further referred to the ’strange’ short-tailed rhamphorhyn-choid family Anurognathidae. It is much more complete than the other known members of the family, namely, Anurog-nathus from Solnhofen, Germany, Batrachognathus from Karatau, Kazakhstan, and Dendrorhynchoides from Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China. The new pterosaur also shows that the wing membrane is attached to the ankle of the hind limb. The pedal digits are webbed. Furthermore, the 'hair' of Jeholopterus bears some resemblance to the hair-like in-tegumental structures of the feathered dinosaur Sinosaurop-teryx although there is yet no direct | Xiaolin Wang Zhonghe Zhou Fucheng Zhang Xing Xu | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，3： | 37 |
| 3 | Two new ornithurine birds from the Early Cretaceous of western Liaoning,China显示文摘We describe two new ornithurine birds from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of western Liaoning, northeast China: Yanornis martini gen. et sp. nov. and Yixianornis grabaui gen. et sp. nov. They represent the best fossil record of ornithurine birds known from the Early Cretaceous. They are more advanced than the most primitive ornithurine Liaoningornis, and are more similar to the other two Chinese Early Cretaceous ornithurines Chaoyangia and Songlingornis. Compared with Confuciusornis, Liaoxiornls and Eoenantiornis from the same age, the two new birds show remarkable advanced characteristics and suggest the presence of powerful flight capability like modern birds. Compared with Yixianornis and Chaoyangia, Yanornis is larger, with a more elongated skull and relatively long wings. The new discoveries indicate that by the Early Cretaceous both enantiornithine and ornithurine birds had already radiated significantly. The flight structures of Yanornis and Yixianornis are hardly distinguishable from | Zhonghe Zhou Fucheng Zhang | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，15： | 36 |
| 4 | Development of and Perspective on High-Performance Nanostructured Bainitic Bearing Steel显示文摘Bearings are the most important component of nearly all mechanical equipment, as they guarantee the steady running of the equipment, which is especially important for high-end equipment such as highspeed trains and shield tunneling machines. Requirements regarding the quality of bearings are increasing with the rapid development in technology. A country’s bearings manufacturing level directly reflects the level of that country’s steel metallurgy and machinery manufacturing. The performance of the bearing steel is the critical factor that determines the quality of a bearing. The development of new bearing steel with higher performance is the ambition of material researchers and the expectation of the manufacturing industry. Many famous bearing manufacturing enterprises are competing to develop the new generation of bearing steel. Nanostructured bainitic bearing steel (NBBS), which is a newly developed bearing steel, not only possesses high strength and toughness, but also exhibits excellent wear resistance and rolling contact fatigue (RCF) resistance. In recent years, relevant achievements in NBBS in China have led to significant progress in this field. NBBS was first used in China to manufacture large bearings for wind turbines and heavy-duty bearings, with excellent performance. As a result, NBBS and its corresponding heat-treatment process have been included in the national and industry standards for the first time. The bearing industry considers the exploitation of NBBS to be epoch-making, and has termed this kind of bearing as the second generation of bainitic bearing. In this paper, the development of NBBS is reviewed in detail, including its advantages and disadvantages. Further research directions for NBBS are also proposed. | Fucheng Zhang Zhinan Yang | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，2： | 29 |
| 5 | Early diversification of birds: Evidence from a new opposite bird显示文摘A new enantiornithine bird Longipteryx chao-yangensis gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Chaoyang, western Liaoning Province. This new bird is distinguishable from other known enantiornithines in having uncinate processes in ribs, elongate jaws, relatively long wings and short hindlimbs, and metatarsal Ⅳ longer than metatarsals Ⅱ and Ⅲ. This new bird had probably possessed (i) modern bird-like thorax which provides firm attachment for muscles and indicates powerful and active respiratory ability; (ii) powerful flying ability; (iii) special adaptation for feeding on aquatic preys; and (iv) trochleae of metatarsals Ⅰ-Ⅳ almost on the same level, an adaptation for perching. The new bird represents a new ecological type different from all known members of Enantiornithes. It shows that enantiornithines had probably originated earlier than the Early Cretaceous, or this group had experienced a rapid radiation right after it first occurred in the early Early | ZHANG Fucheng ZHOU Zhonghe HOU Lianhai GU Gang | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，11： | 26 |
| 6 | Geochemical environmental changes and dinosaur extinction during the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/T) transition in the Nanxiong Basin, South China: Evidence from dinosaur eggshells显示文摘The complex patterns of trace elements including Ir and isotope distributions in the three K/T sections of the Nanxiong Basin prove the existence of two environmental events in the latest Cretaceous and earliest Paleocene. The first geochemical environmental event occurred at about 2 Ma prior to the K/T boundary interval, where the dinosaur diversity was hardly reduced, except that a number of patho-logical eggshells appeared. The second one was larger and occurred just at and near the Creta-ceous-Paleogene (K/T) boundary. The extinction of the dinosaurs spread out within 250 ka with major extinction beginning at the boundary interval. This is even later than their extinction in Montana, North America and in India. The cause of the dinosaur extinction may be the result of a complex multiple events brought about by the coincidence of global environment change marked by multiple Ir and δ 18O anomalies, and environmental poisoning characterized by other trace elements derived from the local source. Successive short- and long-term conditions of geochemically induced environmental stress negatively affected the reproductive process and thus contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs. | ZHAO ZiKui MAO XueYing CHAI ZhiFang YANG GaoChuang ZHANG FuCheng YAN Zheng | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，5： | 12 |
| 7 | Changes in SOC and Nutrients under Intensive Tillage in Two Types of Slope Landscapes显示文摘The net effect of tillage erosion on soil properties would be associated with the spatial variation in soil constituents,and therefore plays an important role in ecological agriculture.We conducted a consecutive tillage by hoeing 15 times during a period with no rainfall in the two slope landscapes(a linear slope and complex slope) of the Yangtze Three Gorges reservoir areas,to examine the relationship between soil erosion rates and the variations in soil chemical properties and compare the effects of soil redistribution on SOC and nutrients between the linear and complex slopes.After the simulated tillage,notable changes in 137 Cs inventories of the soil occurred in the summit and toeslope positions on the linear slope,while there were significant changes in 137 Cs inventories at convex and concave positions on the complex slope.Soil profile disappeared at the summit slope boundary,with the exposure area of 16.0% and 7.6% of the experimental plot,respectively,for the linear and complex slopes due to no soil replacement.Soil organic C and nutrients were completely depleted with the disappearance of soil profiles at soil eroding zones,whereas a remarkable increase in SOC,total N and available nutrient concentrations of the post-tillage surface soil and a decrease in total nutrient concentrations(P and K) were found at depositional zones on the linear slope.For the complex slope,however,changes in SOC and nutrient concentrations of the post-tillage surface soil exhibited a patterndifferent from that on the linear slope,which showed a remarkable decrease in SOC and total nutrient concentrations but a slight increase in available nutrient concentrations after tillage in the toeslope position.Due to the gradual increase in soil depth from top to bottom of the slope,SOC and nutrient inventories in the soil profiles were significantly correlated with soil redistribution rates on both the linear and complex slopes.Tillage causes remarkable changes of soil chemical properties in the surface soil layer and soil profile,and increases SOC and nutrient inventories for the soil profile downslope in steeply sloping landscapes. | LI Fucheng ZHANG Jianhui SU Zhengan | 2012 | Journal of Mountain Science2012，9，1： | 11 |
| 8 | Outline of Uranium Resources Characteristics and Metallogenetic Regularity in China显示文摘Uranium,as one of twenty-six kinds of important minerals in China,is strategic resource and energy mineral,which has been thoroughly investigated in the project of National Potential Evaluation of Uranium Resource.During the implementation of this project,the authors summarized the metallogenic regularity of uranium resource in China systematically,through the researches of geological characteristics of uranium resource,uranium deposits type(genetic and prediction type),temporal and spatial distribution,and metallogenic series.Based on the investigation of present situation and progress in uranium exploration,this paper proposes the uranium deposits in China should be divided into 4 classes,9 types,21 subtypes in genetic,and 50 types in prediction;suggests to divide China into 29 uranium metallogenic belts and 20 uranium prospective area,and constructs 20uranium-polymetallic metallogenic series,through summarizing temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and metallogenic regularity of uranium deposits in China.The above research is beneficial to the comprehensive understanding of regional uranium metallogenic regularity,and will direct the uranium exploration in the future. | CAI Yuqi ZHANG Jindai LI Ziying GUO Qingyin SONG Jiye FAN Honghai LIU Wusheng QI Fucheng ZHANG Minglin | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，3： | 11 |
| 9 | A closed-form solution for moving source localization using LBI changing rate of phase difference only显示文摘Due to the deficiencies in the conventional multiple-receiver localization systems based on direction of arrival(DOA) such as system complexity of interferometer or array and amplitude/phase unbalance between multiple receiving channels and constraint on antenna configuration,a new radiated source localization method using the changing rate of phase difference(CRPD)measured by a long baseline interferometer(LBI) only is studied. To solve the strictly nonlinear problem, a two-stage closed-form solution is proposed. In the first stage, the DOA and its changing rate are estimated from the CRPD of each observer by the pseudolinear least square(PLS) method,and then in the second stage, the source position and velocity are found by another PLS minimization. The bias of the algorithm caused by the correlation between the measurement matrix and the noise in the second stage is analyzed. To reduce this bias, an instrumental variable(IV) method is derived. A weighted IV estimator is given in order to reduce the estimation variance. The proposed method does not need any initial guess and the computation is small. The Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) and mean square error(MSE) are also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be close to the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise. | Zhang Min Guo Fucheng Zhou Yiyu | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2014，27，2： | 10 |
| 10 | A Miocene ostrich fossil from Gansu Province,northwest China显示文摘 | HOU Lianhai ZHOU Zhonghe ZHANG Fucheng WANG Zhao | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，16： | 8 |
| 11 | Stratigraphy and age of the Daohugou Bed in Ningcheng,Inner Mongolia显示文摘Recent fieldwork has extended the distribution of the Daohugou Bed deposits from the Daohugou Village to its several neighboring areas. The fossil-bearing Daohugou deposits uncomformably overlie complex bedrocks, and com- prise three major parts. The red shales in the lower part were misidentified as belonging to the Tuchengzi Formation. Field excavation has indicated that the shales of upper part of the bed are the major fossil-bearing horizon. Due to strong tectonic activities, sediments were often folded with the se- quences inverted in the region. Some newly recognized con- tacts between the Daohugou Bed and the volcanic rocks showed that the ignimbrite of the Tiaojishan Formation (159―164 Ma) underlies the Daohugou deposits, rather than overlying the latter as previously proposed. Thus, the age of the Daohugou deposits should be younger than the age of the ignimbrite, and thus it was incorrect to correlate the Dao- hugou Bed with the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation. Although biostratigraphic studies based on conchostracans and insects support a Middle Jurassic-early Late Jurassic age for the Daohugou deposits, vertebrate fossils such as Liaoxitriton, Jeholopterus and feathered maniraptorans show much resemblance to those of the Yixian Formation. In other words, despite the absence of Lycoptera, a typical fish of the Jehol Biota, the Daohugou vertebrate assemblage is closer to that of the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota than to any other biota. We propose that the Daohugou fossil assemblage probably represents the earliest evolutionary stage of the Jehol Biota based on both vertebrate biostratigraphy and the sedimentological and volcanic features which suggest the Daohugou deposit belongs to the same cycle of volcanism and sedimentation as the Yixian Formation of the Jehol Group. | WANG Xiaolin ZHOU Zhonghe HE Huaiyu JIN Fan WANG Yuanqing ZHANG Jiangyong WANG Yuan XU Xing ZHANG Fucheng | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，20： | 6 |
| 12 | The receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase RIPK regulates broad-spectrum ROS signaling in multiple layers of plant immune system显示文摘Production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)via the activity of respiratory burst oxidase homologs(RBOHs)plays a vital role in multiple layers of the plant immune system,including pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity(PTI),damage-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity(DTI),effector-triggered immunity(ETI),and systemic acquired resistance(SAR).It is generally established that RBOHD is activated by different receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases(RLCKs)in response to various immune elicitors.In this study,we showed that RPM1-INDUCED PROTEIN KINASE(RIPK),an RLCK VII subfamily member,contributes to ROS production in multiple layers of plant immune system.The ripk mutants showed reduced ROS production in response to treatment with all examined immune elicitors that trigger PTI,DTI,ETI,and SAR.We found that RIPK can directly phosphorylate the N-terminal region of RBOHD in vitro,and the levels of phosphorylated S343/S347 residues of RBOHD are sigfniciantly lower in ripk mutants compared with the wild type upon treatment with all tested immune elicitors.We further demonstrated that phosphorylation of RIPK is required for its function in regulating RBOHD-mediated ROS production.Similar to rbohd,ripk mutants showed reduced stomatal closure and impaired SAR,and were susceptible to the necrotrophic bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum.Collectively,our results indicate that RIPK regulates broad-spectrum RBOHD-mediated ROS signaling during PTI,DTI,ETI,and SAR,leading to subsequent RBOHD-dependent immune responses. | Ping Li Lulu Zhao Fan Qi Nang Myint Phyu Sin Htwe Qiuying Li Dawei Zhang Fucheng Lin Keke Shang-Guan Yan Liang | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，10： | 5 |
| 13 | On the horizon of Protopteryx and the early vertebrate fossil assemblages of the Jehol Biota显示文摘Protopteryx, a monotypic fossil bird discovered from the Sichakou basin in Fengning, Hebei, is the most primitive enantiornithine currently known. The bird-bearing strata do not contain the index fossils of the Yixian Formation in western Liaoning; the fish and bird fossils have more primitive features than the related forms found in the Yixian Formation, and the conchostracans are those usually distributed in the Dabeigou and Dadianzi formations in northern Hebei. Besides, the Protopteryx-bearing strata underlie the deposits bearing the index fossils of the Yixian Formation in the neighboring basin. Thus, it could be confirmed that the horizon of Protopteryx should be lower than the Yixian Formation, and is approximately equivalent to the Dadianzi Formation in northern Hebei. This is the lowest horizon of the known fossil birds in China and Mesozoic enantiornithine birds in the world. Accompanying Protop- teryx, there are other birds, acipenseriform fishes, salamanders, and mammals, which compose the Peipiaosteus fengningensis-Protopteryx fengningensis assemblage. This new assemblage traces the vertebrate evolution history of the Jehol Biota back to 130.7 Ma before. It is suggested that the de- marcation of the Jehol Biota should be based on the large-scale tectonic-sedimentary cycles, and Peipiaosteus, instead of Lycoptera, could be taken as the vertebrate representative of the Jehol Biota. | JIN Fan ZHANG FuCheng LI ZhiHeng ZHANG JiangYong LI Chun ZHOU ZhongHe | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，18： | 5 |
| 14 | Evaluation of the compatibility between rubber and asphalt based on molecular dynamics simulation显示文摘Using of rubber asphalt can both promote the recycling of waste tires and improve the performance of asphalt pavement.However,the segregation of rubber asphalt caused by the poor storage stability always appears during its application.Storage stability of asphalt and rubber is related to the compatibility and also influenced by rubber content.In this study,molecular models of different rubbers and chemical fractions of asphalt were built to perform the molecular dynamics simulation.The solubility parameter and binding energy between rubber and asphalt were obtained to evaluate the compatibility between rubber and asphalt as well as the influence of rubber content on compatibility.Results show that all three kinds of rubber are commendably compatible with asphalt,where the compatibility between asphalt and cis-polybutadiene rubber(BR)is the best,followed by styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR),and natural rubber(NR)is the worst.The optimum rubber contents for BR asphalt,SBR asphalt,and NR asphalt were determined as 15%,15%,and 20%,respectively.In addition,the upper limits of rubber contents were found as between 25%and 30%,between 20%and 25%,and between 25%and 30%,respectively. | Fucheng GUO Jiupeng ZHANG Jianzhong PEI Weisi MA Zhuang HU Yongsheng GUAN | 2020 | Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering2020，14，2： | 4 |
| 15 | A Method for Evaluating the Suitability of CO2 Geological Storage in Deep Saline Aquifers显示文摘This work established an evaluation index system based on a comprehensive analysis of those factors affecting the suitability of CO_2 geological storage.This evaluation index system includes three evaluation index layers of geological safety,storage scale and social economy,nine evaluation index sub-layers,and 28 evaluation index factors,and adopts the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and index overlay methods.Taking the Xining Basin in northwest China as an example,we conducted comprehensive analysis of geological conditions and performed quantitative evaluation based on this evaluation index system,which indicates that the Shuangshu depression of the Xining Basin is comparatively suitable for CO_2 geological storage.It is suggested that this evaluation index system and the evaluation method proposed in this study are suitable for most continental sedimentary basins in China and should be widely applied. | LI Fucheng ZHANG Yang JIA Xiaofeng LI Xufeng JIA Xiaoleng GUO Shengxiu | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，5： | 4 |
| 16 | Roles of pre-formed martensite in below-Ms bainite formation,microstructure,strain partitioning and impact absorption energies of low-carbon bainitic steel显示文摘The roles of pre-formed martensite(PM)in below-Ms bainite formation,microstructure,crystallography,strain partitioning and mechanical properties of a low-carbon bainitic steel were investigated using electron-backscattered diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,micro digital image correlation technique and mechanical tests.It is demonstrated that the pre-formation of martensite eliminates the incubation time for bainite transformation at various austempering temperatures below Ms,indicative of its acceleration effect at the early stage of transformation.This effect is mainly attributed to the surfaces or tips of the PM acting as the nuclei of subsequently-formed bainite,with initial bainite tending to form around the PM.However,the finishing time for below-Ms bainite transformation,especially at even lower temperatures,is retarded,owing to the dividing effect of PM on parent austenite grains,the decreasing effect of lowered isothermal temperature on the diffusion rate of carbon atoms and the strengthening effect of lowered isothermal temperature on supercooled austenite.PM and its adjacent bainitic laths have nearly the same crystallographic orientation and belong to the same block.The pre-formation of martensite largely refines the bainitic blocks/laths and retained austenite.The specimens with PM show relatively uniform strain partitioning among various phases,contrasting with the specimens without PM,for which strains are highly concentrated in the bainite region nearby fresh martensite/austenite(M/A)blocks or between adjacent M/A blocks.The impact absorption energies of the specimens with PM,when austempered at 30-60℃ below Ms,are more than twice higher than those of the specimens without PM,at no expense of tensile properties. | Lihe Qian Zhi Li Tongliang Wang Dongdong Li Fucheng Zhang Jiangying Meng | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Anisotropy of wrought magnesium alloys: A focused overview显示文摘In this paper, the relationship between anisotropic mechanical properties and the corresponding microstructure evolution of wrought magnesium alloys is critically reviewed. Experimental observations of the strong anisotropy(including the strength differential effect) induced by texture and twinning are discussed under different loading conditions(i.e., monotonic, cyclic and multiaxial loading). An accurate constitutive model is essential to describe the mechanical responses and to predict the forming performance considering engineering applications. Therefore, macroscale constitutive modeling of the anisotropy of magnesium alloys with directional distortional hardening are comprehensively reviewed with different approaches. To clarify the origin of the anisotropic behavior, physics-based mesoscale modeling of the anisotropy is also compared in detail. | Baodong Shi Chong Yang Yan Peng Fucheng Zhang Fusheng Pan | 2022 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2022，10，6： | 3 |
| 18 | Microstructure and mechanical properties of a low carbon carbide-free bainitic steel co-alloyed with Al and Si显示文摘 | Lihe Qian Qian Zhou Fucheng Zhang Jiangying Meng Ming Zhang Yuan Tian | 2012 | Materials and Design2012，，： | 2 |
| 19 | Helically Grooved Gold Nanoarrows: Controlled Fabrication, Superhelix, and Transcribed Chiroptical Switching显示文摘Plasmonic chiroptical materials,coupled by chirality and surface plasmons,have been attracting great interest due to their potential applications,such as photonics,chiral recognition,asymmetric catalysis and biosensing.Herein,we constructed a new chiral plasmonic nanostructure—helically grooved gold nanoarrows(HeliGNAs)by introducing L-/Dcysteine(L-/D-Cys)during the growth of the gold nanoarrows(GNAs).The variation of the concentration of L-/D-Cys leads to the HeliGNAs with a tunable plasmonic circular dichroism(PCD). | Song Wang Liheng Zheng Wenjie Chen Lukang Ji Li Zhang Wensheng Lu Zheyu Fang Fucheng Guo Limin Qi Minghua Liu | 2021 | CCS Chemistry2021，3，9： | 2 |
| 20 | Assessment and comparison of recombinant proteins from different sources for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection by using protein microarray显示文摘COVID-19 (the COVID-19 is a type of disease and resulted from being infected by virus SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is threatening tens of millions of lives around the world [1]. To date, specific drugs or vaccines are still not available for fighting the SARS-CoV-2. Diagnosis and quarantine are still the effective strategies for preventing the virus from spreading. Up to now, various detection methods for SARS-CoV-2 have been developed [2], which play critical roles in controlling the pandemics. According to the targets to be detected, these methods can be divided into three classes: methods for the nucleic acid [3], antigens [4], and antibodies elicited by the virus in the host [5]. Among these methods, the ones for antigens and antibodies could produce results in 10–15 min [6], which are suitable for point-of-care diagnosis, especially the ones for antibodies [7]. Meanwhile, the asymptomatic cases [8] and the false-negative results of nucleic acid testing [9] make the detection methods based on antibodies the best alternatives. The proteins, used in methods for detection of antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 in the host, are critical agents, which could affect the diagnosis results. Given the strong immunogenicity of the nucleocapsid (N protein), spike protein (S protein), and related domains [10] and the potential diagnosis values, we collected 9 S1 proteins, 3 N proteins, 5 S2-related proteins, and receptor-binding domains (RBDs) from ACROBiosystems (Beijing, China), ABclonal (Wuhan, China), Novoprotein (Shanghai, China), Sino Biological (Beijing, China), and KactusBiosystems (Shanghai, China) and fabricated a protein microarray (Fig. 1A) to assess their diagnosis performance. In addition, other proteins such as the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), envelop protein (E), 3C-like protease, and papain-like protease were also included (Fig. 1B). | Huan Qi Mingliang Ma Danyun Lai Yang Li Fucheng Zhang Sheng-ce Tao | 2021 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2021，53，2： | 2 |
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