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| 1 | DEGREE OF SUBSTITUTION OF THE IONIZED STARCHES AND THEIR ADHESIVE CAPACITY TO POLYESTER / COTTON FIBERS显示文摘Adhesive capacity of quaternary ammonium starch and starch phosphate to the polyester / cotton fibers was studied by means roving method for the purpose of improving the sizing performance and decreasing the cost. By introducing different amount of quaternary ammonium or phosphate groups onto starch molecules, the modified starch with a series of defferent degree of substitution was prepared. Therefore the regularity of adhesive capacity, extended property and size-absorbing ability with the change in degree of substitution (DS) was obtained through the researches. The experiments demonstrate that the DS of the two modified starches show a marked influence upon the properties mentioned above. The starch phosphate is superior to quaternary ammonium starch as warp size for polyester / cotton yarns from the viewpoint of adhesive capacity and cost, although both of them are better than natural one. To improve the adhesive capacity to polyester / cotton fibers, DS≥0.027 is necessary for quaternary ammonium | 祝志峰 卓仁禧 | 1997 | Journal of China Textile University(English Edition)1997，14，1： | 19 |
| 2 | Efficient and Stable Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite Solar Cell with Tailored Interlayer Molecular Interaction显示文摘Perovskite materials have attracted much attention in recent years because of their excellent photovoltaic properties for solar cell,including high optical absorption,small exciton binding energy,low trap densities,and long-range ambipolar carrier diffusion lengths[1-2].However,perovskite materials are easily degraded under the conditions of light,electric field,heating,water and oxygen,which seriously hinder the further commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)[3-4].Recently,two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper phase(2DRP)perovskites are known to exhibit improved photostability and environmental stability compared with their three-dimensional(3D)counterparts[5-7].Ho-wever,fundamental questions remain over the interaction between the bulky alkylammoniums and the 2DRP perovskite framework[8]. | CHEN Yonghua | 2020 | 材料导报2020，34，7： | 12 |
| 3 | Performance of sulfate-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation显示文摘The performance of sulfate-dependent anaerobic ammonium oxidation was studied.The results showed that both SO42-and NH4+ were chemically stable under anaerobic conditions.They did not react with each other in the absence of biological catalyst(sludge).The anaerobic digested sludge cultivated in an anaerobic reactor for three years took on the ability of oxidizing ammonium with sulfate anaero-bically.The average reduction of sulfate and ammonium was 71.67 mg.L-1 and 56.82 mg.L-1 at high concentrations.The reaction between SO42-and NH4+ was difficult,though feasible,due to its low standard Gibbs free energy change.The experiment demonstrated that high substrate concentrations and low oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) may be favourable for the biological reaction. | ZHANG Lei ZHENG Ping HE YuHui JIN RenCun | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，1： | 9 |
| 4 | Preparation of Hierarchically Trimodal-Porous ZSM-5 Composites through Steam-assisted Conversion of Macroporous Aluminosilica Gel with Two Different Quaternary Ammonium Hydroxides显示文摘This article presents a detailed structural study of a new spherical Mg Cl2-supported Ti Cl4 Ziegler-Natta catalyst for isotactic propylene polymerization, and researches on the relationship between catalyst structure and polymer properties. The spherical support with the chemical composition of CH3CH2 OMg OCH(CH2Cl)2 has been synthesized from a new dispersion system and is used as the supporting material to prepare Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The XRD analysis indicates that the catalyst is fully activated with δ-Mg Cl2 in the active catalyst. The far-IR spectrometric results confirm again the presence of δ-Mg Cl2 in the active catalyst. Textural property of the active catalyst exhibits high surface area coupled with high porosity. The high activity in propylene polymerization is mainly ascribed to the full activation and the porous structure of the catalyst. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer mapping results indicate a uniform titanium distribution throughout the catalyst particles. Particle size analysis shows that the catalyst has a narrow particle size distribution. The perfect spherical shape, uniform titanium distribution and narrow particle size distribution of the catalyst confirm the advantage of polymer particles production with less fines. The solid state 13 C NMR and mid-IR spectroscopic analyses indicate that there exists strong complexation between diisobutyl phthalate and Mg Cl2, which leads to the high isotacticity of polypropylene. | Zhao Tianbo Wang Jia Xu Xin Wang Guijie | 2015 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2015，17，1： | 8 |
| 5 | 枸橼酸铁铵在磁共振胰胆管成像中应用价值显示文摘目的探讨口服枸橼酸铁铵前后对MRCP的应用价值。方法对35例怀疑有胰胆管疾病的患者口服枸橼酸铁铵前后的MRCP图像质量进行自身对照研究。结果服用枸橼酸铁铵前后MRCP的图像质量有明显提高(P<0.001)。口服枸橼酸铁铵后,可有效抑制胃、十二指肠肠道内的液体高信号。结论枸橼酸铁铵作为一种口服阴性对比剂,应用于MRCP成像检查中可以显著提高图像质量。 | 吕传国 范晔辉 顾庆春 | 2014 | 中国CT和MRI杂志2014，12，5： | 8 |
| 6 | INTERACTIONS BETWEEN AMMONIUM UPTAKE AND NITRATE UPTAKE BY NATURAL PHYTOPLANKTONASSEMBLAGES显示文摘Measurements of ammonium and nitrate uptakes by natural phytoplankton assemblages from Jiaozhou Bay at various combinations of ammonium and nitrate concentrations with 15N trace techniques showed that uptake rate of either nitrogen was influenced by the presence of the other but that the influence of ammonium on nitrate uptake was much greater than, that of nitrate on ammonium uptake. The influence mechanism of ammonium on nitrate uptake manifested as competition at lower concentrations and as inhibition at higher concentrations (ammonium concentration >0.6 umol/L), but no total inhibition appeared within the concentration.range of the experiments (0-10umol/L). The influence of nitrate on ammonium uptake seems to be a result of competition for uptake sites on the cell surface. In view of the in situ nutrient concentration in the given marine . environment, it is believed that both nitrogen sources are utilized by phytoplankton. Nitrate uptake in the presence of ammonium and ammonium uptake in the | 焦念志 | 1993 | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology1993，11，2： | 7 |
| 7 | Extraction of metals from complex sulfide nickel concentrates by low-temperature chlorination roasting and water leaching显示文摘The recovery of valuable metals from complex sulfide concentrates was investigated via chlorination roasting followed by water leaching. A reaction process is proposed on the basis of previous studies and the results of our preliminary experiments. During the process,various process parameters were studied,including the roasting temperature,the addition of NH_4 Cl,the roasting time,the leaching time,and the liquid-to-solid ratio. The roasted products and leach residues were characterized by X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy. Under the optimum condition,95% of Ni,98% of Cu,and 88% of Co were recovered. In addition,the removal of iron was studied in the water leaching stage. The results demonstrate that this process provides an effective approach for extracting multiple metals from complex concentrates or ores. | Cong Xu Hong-wei Cheng Guang-shi Li Chang-yuan Lu Xiong-gang Lu Xing-li Zou Qian Xu | 2017 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2017，24，4： | 7 |
| 8 | The simultaneous removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water by MeO_x:Side effect of ammonium presence on manganese removal显示文摘Manganese and ammonium pollution in surface water sources has become a serious issue.In this study, a pilot-scale filtration system was used to investigate the effect of ammonium on manganese removal during the simultaneous removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water using a manganese co-oxide filter film(MeO_x ). The results showed that the manganese removal efficiency of MeO_x in the absence of ammonium was high and stable, and the removal efficiency could reach 70% even at 5.5 °C. When the influent ammonium concentration was lower than 0.7 mg/L, ammonium and manganese could be removed simultaneously. However, at an ammonium concentration of 1.5 mg/L, the manganese removal efficiency of the filter gradually decreased with time(from 96% to 46.20%). Nevertheless, there was no impact of manganese on ammonium removal. The mechanism by which ammonium negatively affected manganese removal was investigated, demonstrating that ammonium affected manganese removal mainly through two possible mechanisms. On one hand, the decreased p H caused by ammonium oxidation was unfavorable for the oxidation of manganese by MeO_x ; on the other hand, the presence of ammonium slowed the growth of new MeO_x and retarded the increase in the specific surface area of the Me Ox-coated sand, and induced changes in the morphology and crystal structure of Me Ox. Consequently, the manganese removal efficiency of the filter decreased when ammonium was present in the inlet water. | Xuan Tian Ruifeng Zhang Tinglin Huang Gang Wen | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，3： | 6 |
| 9 | Lead-free thermochromic perovskites with tunable transition temperatures for smart window applications显示文摘The structural flexibility of hybrid perovskite materials allows for phase transition and consequently thermochromic properties.Here we investigate the thermochromic performance in a series of copper-based layered perovskites with organic cations having different alky chain lengths. Their transition temperature is found to be dependent on the organic cations due to molecular motion and hydrogen bond interaction, providing possibilities to prepare thermochromic semiconductors near room temperature for smart window applications. | Jingwen Li Xiaolong Liu Peixin Cui Junmeng Li Tao Ye Xi Wang Chuang Zhang Yong Sheng Zhao | 2019 | Science China Chemistry2019，62，9： | 6 |
| 10 | Microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate by polyurethane with segment of dipentaerythritol and its application in flame retardant polypropylene显示文摘Dipentaerythritol(DPER),4,40-diphenylmethanediisocyanate(MDI)and melamine(MEL)are used as raw materials to microencapsulate ammonium polyphosphate(MAPP)in situ polymerization.The MAPP is characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA).The results show that the coating operation can effectively improve water resistance of ammonium polyphosphate(APP),and MAPP has higher residual rate than that of APP after combustion.The flame retardant action of MAPP and APP in polypropylene(PP)is investigated by the limited oxygen index(LOI),vertical burning test(UL-94),TGA,SEM,and cone calorimeter test(CCT).The LOI value of the PP/MAPP composite at the same loading is higher than that of PP/APP composite.UL 94 ratings of PP/MAPP composites are raised to V-0 at 20 wt%loading.The results of CCT also show that MAPP is more efficient than APP.The morphological structures observed by digital photos and SEM demonstrated that MAPP could be promoted to form the continuous and compact intumescent char layer.The flame retardant mechanism of PP/MAPP is also discussed. | Shouwu Yu Shujuan Xiao Zewen Zhao Xiaowen Huo Junfu Wei | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，7： | 6 |
| 11 | Reinforcement of natural rubber latex with silica modified by cerium oxide:preparation and properties显示文摘Variable masses of nano cerium oxide(CeO__2) were added into nano silica(SiO__2) to prepare the well-dispersed SiO_2-CeO_2suspension(SiO_2-CeO_2), cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) was used to adjust the compatibility of SiO_2-CeO_2 with rubber matrix, then SiO_2-CeO_2 modified by CTAB and curing formulas were mixed with fresh natural rubber(NR) latex to prepare NR/SiO_2-CeO_2 nanocomposites that contained 0–10 parts of CeO_2 by a new emulsion compounding method. The morphologies, cure characteristics, mechanical properties and thermal-oxidative stability of NR/SiO_2-CeO_2 nanocomposites were investigated. The results revealed that the presence of CeO_2 in NR/SiO_2-CeO_2 nanocomposites was favorable for enhancing the interaction between NR matrix and fillers, helped to get smaller SiO_2-CeO_2 particles with narrower particle size distribution, further improved the crosslink densities and mechanical properties of NR/SiO_2-CeO_2 nanocomposites vulcanizates. Meanwhile, the addition of CeO_2 increased the active energy at least 4.66%, obviously improved the thermal-oxidative aging-inhibiting properties of NR/SiO_2-CeO_2 nanocomposites. Additionally, nanocomposites containing CeO_2 promoted T g shift to high temperature direction, causing the nanocomposites featured higher tanδ at 0 oC and lower tanδ at 60 oC and exhibited comparable wet grip and lower rolling resistance when NR/SiO_2-CeO_2 nanocomposites were used in tire tread compound. | 张福全 廖禄生 王永周 汪月琼 黄红海 李普旺 彭政 曾日中 | 2016 | Journal of Rare Earths2016，34，2： | 5 |
| 12 | A transcription factor STOP1-centered pathway coordinates ammonium and phosphate acquisition in Arabidopsis显示文摘Phosphorus(P)is an indispensable macronutrient required for plant growth and development.Natural phosphate(Pi)reserves are finite,and a better understanding of Pi utilization by crops is therefore vital for worldwide food security.Ammonium has long been known to enhance Pi acquisition efficiency in agriculture;however,the molecular mechanisms coordinating Pi nutrition and ammonium remains unclear.Here,we reveal that ammonium is a novel initiator that stimulates the accumulation of a key regulatory protein,STOP1,in the nuclei of Arabidopsis root cells under Pi deficiency.We show that Pi deficiency promotes ammonium uptake mediated by AMT1 transporters and causes rapid acidification of the root surface.Rhizosphere acidification-triggered STOP1 accumulation activates the excretion of organic acids,which help to solubilize Pi from insoluble iron or calcium phosphates.Ammonium uptake by AMT1 transporters is downregulated by a CIPK23 protein kinase whose expression is directly modulated by STOP1 when ammonium reaches toxic levels.Taken together,we have identified a STOP1-centered regulatory network that links external ammonium with efficient Pi acquisition from insoluble phosphate sources.These findings provide a framework for developing possible strategies to improve crop production by enhancing the utilization of non-bioavailable nutrients in soil. | Wen Hao Tian Jia Yuan Ye Meng Qi Cui Jun Bo Chang Yu Liu GuiXin Li Yun Rong Wu Ji Ming Xu Nicholas P.Harberd Chuan Zao Mao Chong Wei Jin Zhong Jie Ding Shao Jian Zheng | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，9： | 5 |
| 13 | Synergistic Corrosion Inhibition Effect of Molybdate and Phosphate Ions for Anodic Oxidation Film Formed on 2024 Aluminum Alloy显示文摘In order to effectively improve the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloys, anodic oxidation technique was used to generate the oxide film. We investigated the influences of two inorganic corrosion inhibitors(ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium molybdate) on the corrosion resistance of anodic oxidation films on 2024 aluminum alloy, and studied the synergistic effect of two corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion resistance of anodic oxidation film in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curves. Results show that, after adding the single ammonium dihydrogen phosphate or sodium molybdate of 0.01 M to oxalic acid electrolyte, inhibition efficiencies of the anodized samples are 10% and 47%, respectively. However, in the presence of two inhibitors with the same concentration of 0.01 M, inhibition efficiency can be as high as 92%. Therefore, we observed the significantly synergistic corrosion inhibition effect of molybdate and phosphate ions for anodic oxidation film formed on 2024 aluminum alloy. | 王文博 DONG Peng WANG Haiyun 程杰 刘胜利 | 2019 | Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)2019，34，2： | 5 |
| 14 | 甘草酸单铵盐质量控制的研究显示文摘甘草酸单铵盐是一种重要的医药原料,广泛使用于医药行业,为了控制原料药的质量,国内外一些质量标准对本品的有关物质做了明确限制。本实验采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对不同工艺生产的甘草酸单铵盐进行有关物质的检测,为研究有效控制该产品有关物质,提高产品质量提供一定的依据。对国内外同类产品的质量标准做对比,为制定更适合控制产品的标准做依据。 | 魏鸿雁 贾晓光 陈刚 安灵燕 石磊岭 夏提古丽.阿不利孜 卿德刚 | 2011 | 新疆中医药2011，29，1： | 4 |
| 15 | Effects of Nitrogen Application on Plant Growth and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Content in Alpine Grasslands显示文摘In order to further determine the nitrogen demand of plants in alpine grassland ecosystem,different nitrogen levels( 0,1,2,4,8,16,24,32 g/m2)were designed through field control to study the responses of different plant functional groups( grass,sedge and weed) to different nitrogen application levels in the aboveground biomass and soil inorganic nitrogen( nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen).The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the aboveground biomass of different functional groups increased linearly,and the soil inorganic nitrogen content increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,among which treatments N16,N24 and N32 increased significantly in soil nitrate nitrogen content( P < 0.05).The results showed that the optimal nitrogen content in alpine grasslands was 8 g/m^2,which could not only promote plant growth,but also effectively control soil nitrate nitrogen content. | Bing YU Kening WU | 2018 | Agricultural Biotechnology2018，7，6： | 4 |
| 16 | Self-aggregation of surfactants in water solution by NMR显示文摘Dynamic behavior of surfactant molecules, sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDSN), cetyl trimethyl ammoniumbromide (CTAB) and triton X-100, and their micelles in water solution at various concentrations were studied bychemical shift, self diffusion coefficient (D) and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation (T1 and T2) measurements.Experimental results show that there exist turning points at surfactant concentration (C) nearby the critical micelleconcentration (cmc) for all of the above-mentioned parameters, which approach the constant values when C equals 5to 10 times cmc. T1 and T2 measurements show that when C < cmc, Triton X-100 molecules exhibit fast isotropicmotion in water solution. After micellization, the motion of hydrophobic chains is far away from the extreme narrow-ing condition, however, the long hydrophilic oxyethylene chains move relatively freely, although their T1 and T2 be-come shorter in comparison with those of the molecules in mono-molecular state. The behavior of the | 袁汉珍 杜有如 赵濉 俞稼镛 | 1999 | Science China Mathematics1999，42，3： | 4 |
| 17 | The catalytic activity of transition metal oxide nanoparticles on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate显示文摘The catalytic proficiency of three MONs for AP thermal decomposition was studied in this work.A chemical co-precipitation method was used for synthesis of MONs(CuZnO,CoZnO,and NiZnO)and their characterization carried out by utilizing XRD,FTIR,and SEM.The TGA/DSC technique was employed for the investigation of the catalytic proficiency of MONs on the AP.The DSC data were used for measuring activation energy of catalyzed AP by using Ozawa,Kissinger,and Starink method.The MONs were much sensitive for AP decomposition,and the performance of AP decomposition was further improved.Among all the MONs,the CuZnO exhibits higher catalytic action than others and decomposition temperature of AP is descending around 117℃ by CuZnO.The reduction in the activation energy was noticed after the incorporation of MONs in AP. | Jalpa A. Vara Pragnesh N. Dave Shalini Chaturvedi | 2019 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2019，15，4： | 4 |
| 18 | 基质质量浓度对不同载体UAFB-Anammox反应器脱氮性能的影响显示文摘为了研究厌氧氨氧化膜生物反应器运行的稳定性,利用3个分别以组合填料、聚氨酯泡绵和立体弹性纤维作为填料的上流式固定床(up-flow anaerobic fixed bed,UAFB)生物膜反应器,以人工配水为研究对象,考察了进水基质(NH_4^+-N、NO_2^--N)质量浓度对不同生物载体反应器脱氮效能及挂膜效果的影响.结果表明:与聚氨酯泡绵和立体弹性纤维相比,添加组合填料的反应器耐基质质量浓度冲击能力最强.随着基质质量浓度的增加,其对NH_4^+-N及NO_2^--N的去除率呈先降低后上升的趋势.当基质质量浓度均达226 mg/L时,两者的去除率分别为76.37%和77.53%,氮去除负荷为1.32kg·N/(m^3·d).含聚氨酯泡绵填料的反应器在最大基质质量浓度下NH_4^+-N和NO_2^--N去除率仅为44.90%和41.41%.添加立体弹性纤维填料的反应器的脱氮稳定性介于前两者之间.组合填料具有较高的比表面积和较好的亲水性,易于微生物附着生长且不易脱落;而聚氨酯泡绵填料比表面积及表面粗糙度均低于组合填料,且微生物截留能力较低,导致其受到冲击后生物膜易脱落,故其耐基质质量浓度冲击能力最差;立体弹性纤维表面粗糙度高利于微生物附着,但亲水性差且对微生物亲和性低,易发生膜损失. | 高大文 袁青 黄晓丽 | 2015 | 北京工业大学学报2015，41，10： | 4 |
| 19 | Adsorption of methyl orange from aqueous solution by composite magnetic microspheres of chitosan and quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative显示文摘Novel composite magnetic microspheres containing chitosan and quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative(CHMMs) were prepared by inverse suspension method,and used for the methyl orange(MO) removal from aqueous solutions.The CHMMs were characterized by a scanning electron microscope,a transmission electron microscope,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,respectively.Compared with the chitosan beads,the incorporation of quaternary ammonium chitosan derivative significantly reduced the particle size.The MO adsorption by CHMMs was investigated by batch adsorption experiments.The adsorption kinetics was conformed to the pseudo second-order kinetics equation.The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model better than the Freundlich model and the calculated maximum MO adsorption capacity was 266.6 mg·g^-1 at 293 K.Thermodynamic studies indicated that the MO adsorption was endothermic in nature with the enthalpy change(△H°) of 99.44 kJ·mol^-1.The CHMMs had a stable performance for MO adsorption in the pH range of 4-10,but high ionic strength deteriorated the MO removal due to the shielding of the ion exchange interaction.A 1 mol·L^-1 NaCl solution could be used to regenerate the exhausted CHMMs.The proposed CHMMs can be used as an effective adsorbent for dye removal or recovery from the dye wastewater. | Bin Zhao Xiaojing Sun Liang Wang Lixiang Zhao Zhaohui Zhang Junjing Li | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，8： | 3 |
| 20 | Preparation of synthetic rutile via selective sulfation of ilmenite with(NH4)2SO4 followed by targeted removal of impurities显示文摘This paper describes a novel, facile chemical pathway for preparing synthetic rutile from ilmenite. The pathway consists of two primary units, i.e., selectively sulfating ilmenite, which was realized via roasting ilmenite with(NH_4)_2SO_4followed by selective thermal decomposition of the sulfated ilmenite, and targeted leaching of the impurities. The effects of the process parameters were systematically investigated. The results showed that the optimum sulfation conditions were a mass ratio of(NH_4)_2SO_4to ilmenite of 14, temperature of 360 °C, and time of 120 min with a sulfation ratio of ~ 95%. The optimum thermal decomposition conditions were480 °C in N_2 atmosphere, and nearly all Ti OSO_4 were decomposed with co-decomposition of Fe SO_4 of 23%. For acid leaching, the optimum conditions were 2.5 wt% HCl, 98 °C and 120 min. Under those conditions, 94.2% iron was removed with a Ti O_2 dissolution loss b 1%. For alkali leaching, 67% Si O_2 was removed in 5 wt% Na OH at102 °C for 1 h. A synthetic rutile with a Ti O_2 content N 92 wt% and total Mg O + Ca O b 1.5 wt% was obtained.Based on these results, a schematic flowsheet was proposed. Additionally, it was found that the decomposition of Fe SO_4 mixed with Ti OSO_4 under N_2was inhibited due to its oxidation to a higher thermal stability Fe_2(SO_4)_3by oxygen emitted from the decomposition of Ti OSO_4. At the same time, Ti OSO_4 decomposition was promoted due to the immediate in situ consumption of oxygen by Fe SO_4. The synergetic effect might be responsible for the enhanced selectivity of sulfated ilmenite thermal decomposition. | Weizao Liu Xiaomei Wang Zhenpu Lu Hairong Yue Bin Liang Li Lü Chun Li | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，6： | 3 |
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