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| 1 | Monitoring the concentration of N_2O in the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica显示文摘Gases in the marine boundary layer in Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica were sampled and analyzed for the first time. Sampling sites included areas covered by moss and lichen growth, penguin colonies and an area where scientific research stations are located. A total of 211 samples were analyzed for N2O concentrations, with an average of (321.33±3.07) nL/L. This is above the global average value of 314 nL/L. It is found that the N2O concentrations evidently increase during the summer months. Concentrations around the research stations are higher than at remote areas, indicating a potential source from human activities on the island. N2O concentrations at a large penguin colony on Barton Peninsula are the highest among the sampled areas. This may explain why N2O concentrations in Fildes Peninsula are higher than the global average. Our preliminary conclusions are that human activities and emissions from penguin dropping-amended soil and vegetation soil constitute the major sources of N2O in the | SUN Liguang, XIE Zhouqing, ZHAO Junlin, XING Guangxi, SHI Shulian & Du LijuanInstitute of Polar Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Institute of Environmental Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 2 10008, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，21： | 21 |
| 2 | Molecular organic geochemical peculiarities of lacustrine core sediments in Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica显示文摘The peculiarities of lipids in lacustrine core sediments from Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica, are reported. The origin of high-molecular-weight n-alkanes, alkenes, fatty acids, alcohols is supposed to be related to the abundant moss occurring in the sediments. Abundant iso- and ante/so-fatty acids that occur in the sediments indicate a relatively strong bacterial activity in non-ice-cover zone than in other regions in Antarctica. The C18:2 unsaturated fatty acids mainly originate from autochthonous algae in the sediment pool, and the C18:2/C18:0 ratios in the profile are controlled more by paleotemperatures than source assemblies. Long-chain alkenones were identified in freshwater lacustrine sediment in Antarctica for the first time, of which Prymnesiophyceae is assumed to be the source organism. High relative abundance of C37:4 homologue in long-chain alkenone well correlates to the severely cold climate in Antarctica. | ZHANG Gan SHENG Guoying PENG Ping’an ZHENG Honghan | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，S1： | 13 |
| 3 | The sediments of lake on the Ardley Island, Antarctica: Identification of penguin-dropping soil显示文摘During CHINARE 15(Dec. 1998 Mar. 1999), a lake core 67.5 cm in length, was sampled in Y2 lake, which is located on the Ardley Island, Antarctica. The concentrations of some chemical elements in Y2 lake sediments were analyzed. According to comparative research on elementary characters of sediments in Antarctic West Lake, fresh penguin dropping as well as guano soil on the Ardley Island and Pacific Island in South China Sea, it presents that the Y2 lake sediments were ameliorated by penguin dropping. The result of element cluster analysis shows that the type elements in the sediment impacted by penguin dropping include Sr,F,S,P,Ca,Se,Cu,Zn and Ba. This can provide a base for further interpreting the climatic and environmental event recorded in the sediment. | 孙立广 谢周清 赵俊琳 | 2001 | Chinese Journal of Polar Science2001，12，1： | 10 |
| 4 | High-accuracy topographical information extraction based on fusion of ASTER stereo-data and ICESat/GLAS data in Antarctica显示文摘In order to better support Antarctic inland ice sheet expedition from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,the topographic data are necessary.At present,although the entire Antarctic DEM provided by RAMP(Ra-darsat Antarctic Mapping Project) was estimated at the highest horizontal(spatial) resolution of about 200 m,the real horizontal resolution of the DEM varies from place to place depending on the density and scale of the original source data.For ice shelves and the inland ice sheet,the horizontal resolution is about 5 km;the vertical accuracy is estimated to be ±50 m in interior East Antarctic ice sheet and away from the mountain ranges.Therefore,more accurate topographic data are unavailable in Antarc-tica.In order to meet the requirements of high-accuracy topographic information for further researches,this paper mainly addresses a fusion study of ASTER stereo pairs and ICESat/GLAS altimetry data for extraction of high-accuracy DEM in East Antarctica,based on the high horizontal resolution(15 m) of ASTER and vertical accuracy(13.8 cm) of ICESat/GLAS.First,some altimetry data were selected as vertical control points to reduce errors of image correlation matching during the extraction of ASTER-based DEM.Second,ice sheet altimetry data derived from ICESat were used to generate DEM ranging from 75° to 81°S because existing ASTER data do not cover this area and high density of the coverage of ICESat altimetry data.Finally,the DEM in coverage of the expedition route was produced.The analysis of result reveals that the DEM accuracy is improved significantly.The absolute vertical accuracy of DEM is higher than 15 m in some cases and higher than 30 m for all the areas along the expedition route except from the 009-001 scene;the interior accuracy is higher than 15 m and higher than 7 m in some cases.It can meet the requirements of topographic map at 1:50000 scale,which is an economic and advantageous method to produce the topographic products. | E DongChen1,3,SHEN Qiang2,XU Ying1,3 & CHEN Gang4 1 Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 2 Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration,Wuhan 430071,China 3 Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping,State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 4 Department of Geography,University of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta T2N 1N4,Canada | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，5： | 9 |
| 5 | Overview of China's Antarctic research progress 1984–2016显示文摘It is more than 30 years since the first Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) landed in Antarctica in 1984, representing China's initiation in polar research. This review briefly summarizes the Chinese Antarctic scientific research and output accomplished over the past 30 years. The developments and progress in Antarctic research and the enhancement of international scientific cooperation achieved through the implementation of the CHINARE program have been remarkable. Since the 1980 s, four permanent Chinese Antarctic research stations have been established successively and 33 CHINAREs have been completed. The research results have been derived from a series of spatiotemporal observations in association with various projects and multidisciplinary studies in the fields of oceanography, glaciology, geology, geophysics, geochemistry, atmospheric science, upper atmospheric physics, Antarctic astronomy, biology and ecology, human medicine, polar environment observation, and polar engineering. | CHEN Liqi LIU Xiaohan BIAN Lingen CHEN Bo HUANG Hongliang HU Hongqiao LUO Wei SHI Guitao SHI Jiuxin XU Chengli YANG Guang ZHAO Yue ZHANG Shaohua | 2017 | Advances in Polar Science2017，28，3： | 9 |
| 6 | 东南极普里兹带多斯变质作用及其对罗迪尼亚和冈瓦纳超大陆重建的启示显示文摘东南极普里兹带是一条经受格林维尔期和泛非期高级构造热事件影响的多相变质带,其构造演化过程与罗迪尼亚和冈瓦纳超大陆的形成密切相关。新的岩石学和年代学资料表明,普里兹带中的格林维尔期高级变质作用是区域性的,并经历了>970Ma和930~900Ma两个演化阶段(期),变质条件达到相对高温高压的麻粒岩相。格林维尔期造山作用起始于活动大陆边缘或岛弧环境下的岩浆增生,最后发展到陆陆碰撞,从而使印度、东南极西陆块和非洲的卡拉哈里克拉通拼合在一起,构成了罗迪尼亚超大陆的重要组成部分之一。普里兹带中的泛非期高级变质作用并不象前人认为的那样只发生在中低压麻粒岩相条件下,而是达到高压麻粒岩相,并具有近等温减压的顺时针P-T演化轨迹。格林维尔期变质先驱的普遍存在说明泛非期碰撞造山事件主要叠加在印度-南极陆块东缘的基底杂岩之上,所以其主缝合线的位置应该在现今普里兹带的东南方向,并可能向南极内陆延伸到甘布尔采夫冰下山脉。对不同类型岩石的精细定年揭示,普里兹带中泛非期造山作用过程从570Ma一直持续到490Ma,这与东非造山带的晚期碰撞阶段大致相吻合。因此,冈瓦纳超大陆的最后拼合可能是通过西冈瓦纳、印度-南极陆块和澳大利亚-南极陆块等三个陆块的近于同期碰撞来完成的。 | 刘晓春 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，8： | 8 |
| 7 | Preliminary results of the close-off depth and the stable isotopic records along a 109.91 m ice core from Dome A, Antarctica显示文摘A 109.91 m ice core was recovered from Dome A (or Dome Argus), the highest ice feature in Antarctica, during the 2004/05 austral summer by the 21st Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-21). Both methane profile along the core and firn densification model calculation suggest that the close-off depth is at about 102.0 m with an ice age about 4200 a. Stable isotopes (δ18O and δD) of the chips samples produced during each run of ice core drilling at Dome A, together with those of the other cores recovered from the eastern inland Antarctica, suggest a relative stable climate with a temperature fluctuation amplitude about ±0.6℃ at the eastern inland Antarctica during the late Holocene. The average d-excess (or d =δ D-8δ 18O) of 17.1‰ along the Dome A core is probably the highest among the Antarctic inland ice cores, which may be resulted from the kinetic fractionation during the snow formation under an oversaturation condition. Moreover, the increasing trend of d-excess during the late Holocene reflects mainly the migration of the water source area for precipitation at Dome A towards low latitudes. This paper presents the first results of a shallow ice core recovered from the unexplored highest area of the Antarctic ice sheet, providing a background for the proposing deep ice core drilling at Dome A. | HOU ShuGui LI YuanSheng XIAO CunDe PANG HongXi XU JianZhong | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，10： | 5 |
| 8 | NATURAL PRODUCTIVITY OF ACRYLIC ACID AND DIMETHYL SULPHIDE DURING A SUMMER BLOOM OF PHAEOCYSTIS POUCHETII IN ANTARCTIC COASTAL WATER显示文摘Water samples were collected over P. pouchelii bloom period beginning in November 1988, in 15m water column, from 10km offshore of Davis Station, Vestfold Hill, Antarctica. The concentrations of acrylic acid and dimethyl sulphide (DMS), which are toxic compounds in the water samples, were determined by HPLC and GC. The result shows that the concentration of acrylic acid varies in 0.001-0.510vmol·L-1 and the concentration of DMS in 0.003-0.588 mol·L-1 during P. pouchetii bloom. Both the increased since late December 1988 and reached the highest concentration in early January 1989, then they decreased rapidly and returned to lower level from middle January to February in agreement with variation in cell number of the unicell alga P. pouchetii. The correlation coefficients between acrylic acid and P. pouchetii and between DMS and P. pouchetii are all 0.998. It is undoubted that P. pouchetii produced acrylic acid and DMS. The highest productivity of acrylic acid and DMS were 9.76×10-8 | Andrew Davidson Harry Burton | 1992 | Chinese Journal of Polar Science1992，3，1： | 5 |
| 9 | Variation of Stable Isotopes in Surface Snow along a Traverse from Coast to Plateau's interior in East Antarctica and Its Climatic Significance显示文摘The variations of stable water isotopes of surface snow in east Antarctic Ice Sheet, are discussed by a total of 251 samples, which were taken along a 330 km traverse from Zhongshan Station to the outer edge of the Antarctic plateau and from four snow pits excavated along the route. Analyzing results of the samples showed the expected linear relationship between the parameters ?D and ?18O with slope S1 and intercept d1. When the data set was examined using a sliding window with a width of 5 samples, it was found that there were two areas with different ratios of S1 and d1. The boundary between these two areas occurred at an elevation of about 2,000 m, suggesting two different sources of water vapour. Nearly half (47%) of the fresh-snow samples had negative deuterium excess (d=?D? 8?18O) values, but few of the snow pit samples did, suggesting that variations of ? are quickly smoothed by isotopic diffusion in the near-surface firn. Analysis of the phase relationship between ?D and deuterium excess in the snow pit stratigraphies showed that they were mostly in phase from Jan. 1994 to Sept. 1995, but mostly out of phase from Sept. 1995 to Jan. 1997. | Jean Jouzel Michel Stievenard | 2009 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2009，1，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Ionospheric absorption at Zhongshan Station, Antarctica during magnetic storms in early May, 1998显示文摘 | 刘瑞源 贺龙松 胡红桥 刘勇华 | 1999 | Chinese Journal of Polar Science1999，10，2： | 4 |
| 11 | Sentinel-1 EW mode dataset for Antarctica from 2014–2020 produced by the CASEarth Cloud Service Platform显示文摘Antarctica plays an important role in research on global change,and its unique geography,ocean,climate,and environment pro-vide an ideal place for humankind to understand Earth’s evolution.Remote sensing provides an effective means to monitor and observe large-scale processes on the continent.Synthetic aperture radar(SAR)in particular provides the capability for all-weather Earth observation.The Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B SAR satellites have ideal ground coverage and imaging frequency for observing Antarctica.This study developed a dataset of 69,586 Sentinel-1 EW mode satellite images of the Antarctic ice sheet from October 2014 to December 2020.The dataset was processed with the European Space Agency Sentinel Application Platform(SNAP)and a Python batch scheduling tool on the Big Earth Data Cloud Service Platform of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Big Earth Data Science Engineering Program(CASEarth).Several data processing operations were implemented to process the raw dataset,including radiometric calibration,invalid edge removal,geocoding,data reprojection to an Antarctic projection,data compression to TIFF format,and construction of image pyramids.The dataset is avail-able at http://gffzza4c772bdab62464fhpcbffc56k5566kpw.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/10.11922/sciencedb.j00076.00085. | Dong Liang Huadong Guo Lu Zhang Haipeng Lia Xuezhi Wang | 2022 | Big Earth Data2022，6，4： | 3 |
| 12 | Variations of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Greenhouse Effect at Syowa Station (69°00'S, 39°35'E), Antarctica显示文摘On the basis of the analysis of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration variations and the annual mean air temperature at Syowa Station, Antarctica in the period of 1984-1988, the following results are easily obtained:(1) The annual mean values of the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration are gradually increased and equal to 342.59, 343.80, 345.15, 346.83 and 348.82 ppmv for 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988, respectively. Its annual increase rates are 1.21, 1.35, 1.68 and 1.99 ppmv/yr. For 1984-1985, 1985-1986, 1986-1987 and 1987-1988, respectively and are raised year by year.The seasonal variations are observed and the maximum concentration is in spring and the minimum one is in late-summer or early-autumn.(2)The increasing tendency of the concentration of the atmospheric carbon dioxide is consistent with that of the a.ir temperature. | 曲绍厚 山内恭 | 1991 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1991，8，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Heinrich layer in Antarctic marine sediments and its significance to global changes显示文摘Results of grain size analysis and rock magnetic measurements of core NP95-1 from Prydz Bay, Antarctica revealed two series of ice-rafted detritus layers, which correspond to cold climatic events, Younger Dryas and Heinrich event 1, occurring at about 11.7-10.3 and 14.3-13.6 kaB.P. respectively. Studies also show that the sequence of paleoclimatic changes in Antarctica can be correlated with that in other parts of the world, and that the millennial climate of the earth could change synchronously and globally. In addition, magnetic fabric analysis also shows a close relationship between paleoclimatic change and ocean circulation re-assemblage. | Hongrning Hou Youlang Luo Honghan Zheng Baogui Wang Xianzan Tang | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，21： | 3 |
| 14 | Organic acids:Differences in ice core records between Glacier 1,Tianshan,China and the polar areas显示文摘Formate (HCOO-), acetate (CH3COO-), oxalate (C2O42-) and pyruvate ((CO)C2O42-) are detected in a 14.08-m-long ice core recovered in Glacier 1 at the Urumqi riverhead, Tianshan, China, which is a mid-latitude alpine glacier (43°06′N, 86°49′E). the mean concentrations for the four organic acids in recent four decades are (102.8±147.3), (392.3±390.8), (6.9(+14.8) and (4.2±8.3) ng/g, respectively, with the ratio for HCOO-/CH3COO- of 0.34± 0.43. They represent the major acid components, and originate mainly from anthropogenic emission in the nearby industrial cities. Compared with Greenland and Antarctica, Glacier 1 is much higher in carboxylic acids, which were not subjected to long distance transportation as well as complicated atmospheric reactions. The alpine glacier can be, therefore, useful to reconstructing human pollution scenario to the regional atmosphere. | Xinqing Li Dahe Qin Hui Zhou | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，1： | 3 |
| 15 | Distribution characteristics of planktonic nano-and microalgae in the Prydz Bay and its adjacent Southern Indian Ocean,during austral summer显示文摘Distributioncharacteristicsofplanktonicnano-andmicroalgaeinthePrydzBayanditsadjacentSouthernIndianOcean,duringaustralsummerZh... | 朱根海 刘子琳 宁修仁 王敏 | 1994 | Chinese Journal of Polar Science1994，5，2： | 3 |
| 16 | Surface energy balance on the Antarctic plateau as measured with an automatic weather station during 2014显示文摘AWS data during 2014 collected at PANDA-N station, on the East Antarctic Plateau, are analysed. Net Short Wave Radiation(QSWR), net Long Wave Radiation(QLWR), sensible(QH), latent(QL) and subsurface or ground(QG) heat fluxes are computed. Annual averages for QSWR, QLWR, QH, QL and QG of 19.65,-49.16, 26.40,-0.77 and 3.86 W·m-2 were derived based on an albedo value of 0.8. QSWR and QH are the major sources of heat gain to the surface and QLWR is the major component of heat loss from the surface. An i terative method is used to estimate surface temperature in this paper;surface temperature of snow/ice is gradually increased or decreased, thereby changing longwave radiation, sensible, latent and subsurface heat fluxes, so that the net energy balance becomes zero. Mass loss due to sublimation at PANDA-N station for 2014 is estimated to be 12.18 mm w.e.·a-1;and mass gain due to water vapour deposition is estimated to be 3.58 mm w.e.·a-1. Thus the net mass loss due to sublimation/deposition is 8.6 mm w.e.·a-1. This study computes surface energy fluxes using a model, instead of direct measurements. Also there are missing data especially for wind speed, though 2 m air temperature data is almost continuously available throughout the year. The uncertainties of albedo, wind speed and turbulent fluxes cause the most probable error in monthly values of QLWR, QH, QL, QG and surface temperature of about ±4%, ±20%, ±50%, ±11% and ±0.74 K respectively. | DING Minghu Anubha AGRAWAL Petra HEIL YANG Diyi | 2019 | Advances in Polar Science2019，30，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Decreasing trend of temperature in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica in the past 150 years显示文摘A 50-m firn core drilled in Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica, during the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Expedition, has been measured for δ18O and major ions. Based on the high quality of the seasonal variations of major ions, the firn core was dated with errors within ±3 years. The features of the temperature change in the past 150 years in the investigated region have first been studied based on the oxygen isotope in the upper 32.93 m of the firn core. Results show that the temperature decreased nearly by 2°C in Princess Elizabeth Land in the past 150 years. On the background of the global, especially the Southern Hemispheric warming in the past 150 years, a temperature decline of 2°C in Princess Elizabeth Land likely reflects the impacts of the unique Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation, the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) and the special terrain (such as the large drainage basins) on the coastal regions of Antarctica. | ZHANG Mingjun1] LI Zhongqin1] XIAO Cunde1] REN Jiawen1] QIN Dahe1] KANG Jiancheng1] LI Jun1] | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，17： | 3 |
| 18 | Observational Study of Annual Variations of the Surface Energy Balance Components at Zhongshan Station of Antarctica in 1990显示文摘From February 1990 to January 1991, the measurement experiment was carried out at Zhongshan station, East Antarctica. In the experiment, measurements of the surface radiative fluxes and wind, temperature and humidity profiles in the lowest 32 m in the atmosphere boundary layer were made throughout the year. The regime of the surface energy balance was analysed based on the observed data. The conclusion was derived that in warm season (from Nov. to Feb.), large amounts of energy are absorbed by the surface and then transported to the atmosphere in the form of sensible and latent heat, while in cold season (from Mar. to Oct.) continually radiative cooling of the surface occurs. | 卞林根 贾朋群 陆龙骅 周秀骥 | 1993 | Science China Chemistry1993，36，8： | 3 |
| 19 | An assessment of the impacts of diesel power plants on air quality in Antarctica显示文摘This study assessed the effects of diesel generators on air quality in the Antarctic.These devices are the primary energy sources for Antarctic research stations and the main stationary sources of anthropogenic emissions in this region.Taking the Vecherny Oasis,Enderby Land,East Antarctica as an example,NOx,SO2 and PM10 emissions were estimated and surface concentrations of these same pollutants as well as the dry deposition of PM10 were calculated for various periods of exploration of the oasis,based on generator capacities.Estimated values were compared with air quality standards and background air concentrations.The areas associated with increased maximum hourly surface concentrations of SO2,NO2 and PM10 over the past 30 a were found to have been reduced by factors of 4355,916 and 1327,respectively.The region affected by increased maximum monthly PM10 deposition has been reduced by a factor of 7.Emissions,surface concentrations and dry depositions in the Vecherny Oasis were calculated for diesel generators in the same power range as used at Antarctic research stations.The most powerful diesel generator currently scheduled to be installed in this region was predicted to generate maximum hourly NO2 concentrations above 50μg m^- 3,which is 13 times greater than current levels.The area over which the PM10 deposition rate will exceed 10 mg m^- 2 month 1 will be increased by a factor of 40.The technique employed herein has been demonstrated to be applicable to the preliminary assessment of stationary sources of pollutant emissions in Antarctica,including retrospective assessments. | Sergey KAKAREKA Sviatlana SALIVONCHYK | 2020 | Advances in Polar Science2020，31，1： | 2 |
| 20 | New Discovery of the Early Cretaceous Volcanic Rocks on the Barton Peninsula,King George Island,Antarctica and Its Geological Significance显示文摘Ages determined with the 40Ar/39Ar isotopic system affirms the Early Cretaceous volcanic activity in the Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. Two specimens of basaltic andesite collected from the lowermost volcanic sequence of the peninsula were irradiated and analyzed in different experiments, yielding an identical age spectrum, and two magmatic thermal events of the Early Cretaceous (120.4±1.6 Ma, 119±1 Ma) and Early Tertiary (5 3.1±1.5 Ma, 52±1 Ma) are distinguished. The former is interpreted to represent the primary cooling age of basaltic andesite, whereas the latter is the thermal reset age caused by the intrusion of granitic pluton. These new ages clearly indicate that volcanism was active during the Early Cretaceous on the Barton Peninsula and that intensive hy-drothermal alteration and mineralization of Mesozoic volcanic rocks resulted from Tertiary magmatism. | ZHENG Xiangshen SANG Haiqing QIU Ji LIU Jiaqi LEE Jong Ik KIM Hyeoncheol | 2000 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2000，74，2： | 2 |
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