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| 1 | Tourette syndrome associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The impact of tics and psychopharmacological treatment options显示文摘Tourette syndrome(TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple chronic motor and vocal tics beginning in childhood. Several studies describe the association between TS and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). Fifty percent of children diagnosed with ADHD have comorbid tic disorder. ADHD related symptoms have been reported in 35% to 90% of children with TS. Since ADHD is the most prevalent comorbid condition with TS and those with concomitant TS and ADHD present with considerable psychosocial and behavioral impairments, it is essential for clinicians to be familiar with these diagnoses and their management. This paper highlights the association between treating ADHD with stimulants and the development of tic disorders. The two cases discussed underscore the fact that children with TS may present with ADHD symptomatology prior to the appearance of any TS related symptoms. Appropriate management of TS in a patient diagnosed with ADHD can lead to quality of life improvements and a reduction in psychosocial impairments. | Olumide O Oluwabusi Susan Parke Paul J Ambrosini | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2016，5，1： | 27 |
| 2 | An isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in a surface of constant curvature显示文摘In this paper,we give a reverse analog of the Bonnesen-style inequality of a convex domain in the surface X of constant curvature,that is,an isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in X.The result is an analogue of the known Bottema's result of 1933 in the Euclidean plane E2. | LI Ming & ZHOU JiaZu School of Mathematics and Statistics,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，8： | 17 |
| 3 | 基于足迹家族和行星边界的主要国家环境可持续性多维评价显示文摘足迹家族和行星边界都是国际可持续发展研究领域新近出现的热点概念。系统回顾了足迹家族和行星边界的概念缘起,首次提出了基于足迹家族和行星边界的环境可持续性概念及其评价框架。其中,足迹家族定义为:人类在自然资源消费和废弃物排放过程中占用的地球生态系统的再生和消纳能力;行星边界定义为:可供人类安全占用的地球生态系统的最大再生和消纳能力。由此,将环境可持续性定量描述为人类环境足迹小于或等于对应行星边界的情形,反之则为环境不可持续性。分析了该环境可持续性概念的6项基本特征:系统性、选择性、交互性、不确定性、尺度依赖性、赤字可权衡性。在此基础上,以全球30个主要国家为例,对提出的足迹家族-行星边界整合框架进行了实证应用。从与人类社会关系重大的环境问题入手,对各国在气候变化(碳排放)、水资源利用和土地利用3方面的环境可持续性进行了多维测度。结果显示:22国的碳排放呈现不可持续性,人均碳赤字最高为美国的26.1 t·a-1(以CO2当量计);17国的水资源利用呈现不可持续性,人均水赤字最高为西班牙的1 497.8 m3·a-1;15国的土地利用呈现不可持续性,人均土地赤字最高为荷兰的2.3 hm2·a-1。研究表明,碳排放的可持续性与社会经济发展水平关系密切,发达国家对气候变化的贡献明显大于发展中国家;水资源利用和土地利用的可持续性则更多地受各国人均资源禀赋制约。本研究对科学量化和比较不同国家的环境可持续性具有参考价值,该评价方法也适用于其他环境问题或国家以下尺度的核算分析。 | 方恺 | 2014 | 生态环境学报2014，23，11： | 15 |
| 4 | 注意缺陷多动障碍的诊断及治疗进展显示文摘注意缺陷多动障碍(attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是儿童和青少年时期最常见的神经行为障碍之一,临床上以持续存在且与年龄不相称的注意力不集中、多动、冲动三大核心症状为主要表现的一种慢性疾病,部分可持续至成年,可对儿童学习、成人职业表现、情感、认知功能、社交等多方面造成不良影响。随着临床研究的深入,在ADHD的流行病学、病因、诊断及治疗方面取得了一定的成果,但是关于ADHD的发病机制和最佳治疗方案的仍未达成共识。本文主要就ADHD的诊断及治疗进展方面综述如下。 | 孙秋 李廷玉 | 2016 | 儿科药学杂志2016，22，6： | 12 |
| 5 | Review of the evidence for the management of co-morbid Tic disorders in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder显示文摘Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents, with prevalence ranging between 5% and 12% in the developed countries. Tic disorders(TD) are common co-morbidities in paediatric ADHD patients with or without pharmacotherapy treatment. There has been conflicting evidence of the role of psychostimulants in either precipitating or exacerbating TDs in ADHD patients. We carried out a literature review relating to the management of TDs in children and adolescents with ADHD through a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane databases. No quantitative synthesis(meta-analysis) was deemed appropriate. Metaanalysis of controlled trials does not support an association between new onset or worsening of tics and normal doses of psychostimulant use. Supratherapeutic doses of dextroamphetamine have been shown to exacerbate TD. Most tics are mild or moderate and respond to psychoeducation and behavioural management. Level A evidence support the use of alpha adrenergic agonists, including Clonidine and Guanfacine, reuptake noradrenenaline inhibitors(Atomoxetine) and stimulants(Methylphenidate and Dexamphetamines) for the treatment of Tics and comorbid ADHD. Priority should be given to the management of co-morbid Tourette's syndrome(TS) or severely disabling tics in children and adolescents with ADHD. Severe TDs may require antipsychotic treatment. Antipsychotics, especially Aripiprazole, are safe and effective treatment for TS or severe Tics, but they only moderately control the co-occurring ADHD symptomatology. Short vignettes of different common clinical scenarios are presented to help clinicians determine the most appropriate treatment to consider in each patient presenting with ADHD and co-morbid TDs. | Michael O Ogundele Hani F Ayyash | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2018，7，1： | 10 |
| 6 | 儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍病因学研究进展显示文摘注意力缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是一种常见的神经精神系统疾病,影响5%的儿童和3%-4%的成人,在儿童时期的主要特征表现是普遍的注意力缺陷和过度活跃、冲动行为,产生对患儿家庭、学业的消极影响。高达15%-60%的患儿病情会持续至成人,导致社会功能受损、反社会行为等。 | 李程 | 2016 | 广东医学2016，37，7： | 10 |
| 7 | Arterial vs venous blood gas differences during hemorrhagic shock显示文摘AIM: To characterize differences of arterial(ABG) and venous(VBG) blood gas analysis in a rabbit model of hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: Following baseline arterial and venous blood gas analysis, fifty anesthetized, ventilated New Zealand white rabbits were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg until a state of shock was obtained, as defined by arterial p H ≤ 7.2 and base deficit ≤-15 mmol/L. Simultaneous ABG and VBG were obtained at 3 minute intervals. Comparisons of p H, base deficit, p CO2, and arteriovenous(a-v) differences were then made between ABG and VBG at baseline and shock states. Statistical analysis was applied where appropriate with a significance of P < 0.05. RESULTS: All 50 animals were hemorrhaged to shockstatus and euthanized; no unexpected loss occurred. Significant differences were noted between baseline and shock states in blood gases for the following parameters: p H was significantly decreased in both arterial(7.39 ± 0.12 to 7.14 ± 0.18) and venous blood gases(7.35 ± 0.15 to 6.98 ± 0.26, P < 0.05), base deficit was significantly increased for arterial(-0.9 ± 3.9 m Eq/L vs-17.8 ± 2.2 m Eq/L) and venous blood gasses(-0.8 ± 3.8 m Eq/L vs-15.3 ± 4.1 m Eq/L, P < 0.05). p CO2 trends(baseline to shock) demonstrated a decrease in arterial blood(40.0 ± 9.1 mm Hg vs 28.9 ± 7.1 mm Hg) but an increase in venous blood(46.0 ± 10.1 mm Hg vs 62.8 ± 15.3 mm Hg), although these trends were non-significant. For calculated arteriovenous differences between baseline and shock states, only the p CO2 difference was shown to be significant during shock.CONCLUSION: In this rabbit model, significant differences exist in blood gas measurements for arterial and venous blood after hemorrhagic shock. A widened p CO2 a-v difference during hemorrhage, reflective of poor tissue oxygenation, may be a better indicator of impending shock. | Kristopher Burton Williams Ashley Britton Christmas Brant Todd Heniford Ronald Fong Sing Joseph Messick | 2014 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2014，3，2： | 6 |
| 8 | Does mindfulness meditation improve attention in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?显示文摘Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) manifests by high levels of inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity. ADHD starts in childhood and results in impairments that continue into adulthood. While hyperactivity declines over time, inattention and executive function difficulties persist, leading to functional deficits. Adolescents and adults with ADHD have pervasive impairment in interpersonal and family relationships. They may develop addiction, delinquent behavior and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, persistent residual symptoms are common, highlighting the need for novel treatment strategies. Mindfulness training, derived from Eastern meditation practices, may improve self-regulation of attention. It may also be a useful strategy to augment standard ADHD treatments and may be used as a potential tool to reduce impairments in patients with residual symptoms of ADHD. Clinically, this would manifest by an increased ability to suppress task-unrelated thoughts and distractions resulting in improved attention, completion of tasks and potential improvement in occupational and social function. | Vania Modesto-Lowe Pantea Farahmand Margaret Chaplin Lauren Sarro | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 5 |
| 9 | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation attenuates overexpression of inflammatory mediators in rat brain after cardiopulmonary resuscitation显示文摘Emerging evidence suggests that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves neurological function after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation;however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment on expression profiles of multiple cytokines in the brain after cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiac arrest was induced in rats by asphyxia and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated 6 minutes after cardiac arrest. One hour after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation, rats were injected with either phosphate-buffered saline(control) or 1 × 10~6 bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the tail vein. Serum S100 B levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and neurological deficit scores were evaluated to assess brain damage at 3 days after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Serum S100 B levels were remarkably decreased and neurological deficit scores were obviously improved in the mesenchymal stem cell group compared with the phosphate-buffered saline group. Brains were isolated from the rats and expression levels of 90 proteins were determined using a RayBio Rat Antibody Array, to investigate the cytokine profiles. Brain levels of the inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, macrophage inflammatory protein-3α, macrophage-derived chemokine, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 were decreased ≥ 1.5-fold, while levels of the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10 were increased ≥ 1.5-fold in the mesenchymal stem cell group compared with the control group. Donor mesenchymal stem cells were detected by immunofluorescence to determine their distribution in the damaged brain, and were primarily observed in the cerebral cortex. These results indicate that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation attenuates brain damage induced by cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, possibly via regulation of inflammatory mediators. This experimental protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Fujian Medical University, China in January 2016(approval No. 2016079). | Qing-Ming Lin Xia-Hong Tang Shi-Rong Lin Ben-Dun Chen Feng Chen | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，2： | 5 |
| 10 | A drought resistance index to select drought resistant plant species based on leaf water potential measurements显示文摘The water deficit in arid and semi-arid regions is the primary limiting factor for the development of urban greenery and forestation. In addition, planting the species that consume low levels of water is useful in arid and semi-arid regions that have poor water management measures. Leaf water potential(Ψ) is a physiological parameter that can be used to identify drought resistance in various species. Indeed, Ψ is one of the most important properties of a plant that can be measured using a pressure chamber. Drought avoiding or drought resistant species have a lower Ψ than plants that use normal or high levels of water. To determine drought resistance of species that are suitable for afforestation in arid urban regions, we evaluated twenty woody species in the Isfahan City, central Iran. The experimental design was random split-split plots with five replications. The species were planted outdoor in plastic pots and then subjected to treatments that consisted of two soil types and five drip irrigation regimes. To evaluate the resistance of each species to drought, we used the Ψ and the number of survived plants to obtain the drought resistance index(DRI). Then, cluster analysis, dendrogram, and similarity index were used to group the species using DRI. Result indicates that the evaluated species were classified into five groups:(1) high water consuming species(DRI>–60 MPa);(2) above normal water consuming species(–60 MPa≥DRI>–90 MPa);(3) normal water consuming species(–90 MPa≥DRI>–120 MPa);(4) semi-drought resistant species(–120 MPa≥DRI>–150 MPa);and(5) drought resistant species(DRI≤–150 MPa). According to the DRI, Salix babylonica L., Populus alba L., and P. nigra L. are high water consuming species, Platanus orientalis L. and Albizia julibrissin Benth are normal water consuming species, and Quercus infectoria Oliv. and Olea europaea L. can be considered as drought resistant species. | SayedJamaleddin KHAJEDDIN SayedHamid MATINKHAH Zahra JAFARI | 2019 | Journal of Arid Land2019，11，4： | 4 |
| 11 | Treadmill training improves neurological deficits and suppresses neuronal apoptosis in cerebral ischemic stroke rats显示文摘RehabilNation training is believed to be beneficial to patients with stroke, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear. Rat models of cerebral ischemic stroke were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion, and then received treadmill training of different intens让ies, twice a day for 30 minutes for 1 week. Low-intensity training was conducted at 5 m/min, with a 10-minute running, 10-minute rest, and 10-minute running cycle. In the moderate-intensity training, the intensity gradually increased from 5 m/min to 10 m/min in 5 minutes, with the same rest cycle as above. In high-intensity training, the intensity gradually increased from 5 m/min to 25 m/min in 5 minutes, with the same rest cycle as above. The Bederson scale was used to evaluate the improvement of motor function. Infarct volume was detected using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining was applied to detect the apoptosis of nerve cells in brain tissue. Western blot assay was employed to analyze the activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A and Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3卩 signaling pathways in rat brain tissue. All training intensities reduced the neurological deficit score, infarct volume, and apoptosis in nerve cells in brain tissue of stroke rats. Training intensities activated the cAMP/protein kinase A and Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta signaling pathways. This activation was more obvious with higher training intensities. These changes were reversed by intracerebroventricular injection of protein kinase A inhibitor Rp-cAMP. Our findings indicate that the neuroprotective effect of rehabilitation training is achieved via activation of the cAMP/ protein kinase A and Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta signaling pathways. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Animal Experimentation in Shanghai No. 8 Peoples Hospital, China. | Li-Mei Cao Zhi-Qiang Dong Qiang Li Xu Chen | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，8： | 4 |
| 12 | Dual effects of α-synuclein on neurotoxicity induced by low dosage of rotenone are dependent on exposure time in dopaminergic neuroblastoma cells显示文摘This study was designed to investigate the effects of α-synuclein on toxicity induced by long-term exposure to relatively low concentrations of rotenone.Compared with the control groups,the inhibition of cell viability which overexpressed α-synuclein(SH-SY5Y-Syn) improved after 1 and 2 weeks of rotenone treatment.The complex I activity was greater and the mitochondrial membrane swelling intensity was reduced after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment,which indicated that α-synuclein,at least in part,resists the rotenone-induced oxidative stress.The results indicate that α-synuclein has a dual effect on toxicity of rotenone according to exposure time in human SH-SY5Y cells. | LU LingLing,GU Li,LIANG Yuan,SUN XiaoHong,DUAN ChunLi & YANG Hui Beijing Institute for Neuroscience,Capital Medical University,The Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repairingr,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education,Beijing 100069,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，5： | 3 |
| 13 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbidity: A review of literature显示文摘Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder with onset in early childhood.It is a clinically heterogenous condition with comorbidity posing a distinct challenge to diagnosing and managing these children and adolescents.This review aims to provide an overview of comorbidity with ADHD including other neurodevelopmental disorders,learning disorders,externalising and internalising disorders.Challenges in screening for,diagnosing and managing comorbidity with ADHD are summarised.Also,methodological challenges and future directions in research in this interesting field are highlighted. | Sundar Gnanavel Pawan Sharma Pulkit Kaushal Sharafat Hussain | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，17： | 3 |
| 15 | Ischemia and reperfusion injury of the spinal cord:experimental strategies to examine postischemic paraplegia显示文摘Thoracoabdominal aortic replacement,necessary in case of injuries,aneurysms and dissections,shows a high complication rate as a consequence of the perioperative ischemia/reperfusion-sequence(I/R).Clamping above and below the lesion leads to the spinal cord suffering from ischemia.Clamping times of less than 30 minutes show only a small risk of neurological deficit,while longer | Florian Simon Alexander Oberhuber | 2016 | Neural Regeneration Research2016，11，3： | 3 |
| 16 | Surplus or deficit? Quantifying the total ecological compensation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region显示文摘The calculation of ecological compensation and boundary identification of stakeholders represent the key challenges for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in its implementation of the trans-regional ecological compensation mechanism.Breaking administrative boundaries and spatially coordinating ecological resources helps to restructure an ecological compensation mechanism of the region based on the coordinated development of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.According to the estimated ecological assets in the counties of the region in 2000,2005,2010 and 2015,a quantitative model for total ecological compensation was built based on ecological assets and county-level economic development.Then,the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the total ecological compensation in the region were defined,and the boundaries of ecological surplus and deficit areas were identified.Results indicate:(1)The region’s annual average ecological assets amounted to￥1379.47 billion;in terms of annual total ecological assets,Hebei ranked first(￥1123.80 billion),followed by Beijing(￥157.46 billion)and Tianjin(￥98.21 billion);and in terms of ecological assets per unit area,Beijing ranked first,Tianjin second and Hebei last.(2)Among ecosystem services,hydrological regulation and climate regulation had the highest annual average value and contributed most to the increase in ecological assets.In 2015,the contribution of water and soil conservation to the total ecological assets decreased to-15.66%,showing the degradation of the function played by different ecosystems.(3)The ecological surplus of the region in four periods of 2000,2005,2010 and 2015 were￥398.98 billion,￥870.37 billion,￥1254.93 billion and￥2693.94 billion respectively,basically offsetting the ecological deficit of each corresponding period,but the urgency for ecological compensation was increased.(4)The ecological surplus and deficit areas showed a great fluctuation in different time periods.Larger time span means more noticeable convergence of deficit areas towards central and eastern areas.Public resources such as education,transportation and medical care in central urban areas should be decentralized to encourage population dispersal,weaken the agglomeration effect of deficit areas and finally achieve the ecological synergy of the region. | 杨文杰 巩前文 张雪艳 | 2020 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2020，30，4： | 2 |
| 17 | How does a real-world child psychiatric clinic diagnose and treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?显示文摘AIM: To investigate child and adolescent psychiatrists'(CAPs) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder(ODD) diagnoses and treatments in real-world clinical practice. METHODS: The medical records of 69 ADHD children(mean age = 9.5 years), newly referred to the ADHD clinic, were reviewed for their scores of parent- and teacher-reported Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Rating Scales(VADRSs), CAPs' diagnoses of ADHD and ODD, and CAPs' treatment recommendations. Among 63 ADHD subjects who completed both parent and teacher VADRSs, we examined the agreement of the parent and teacher VADRSs. We also examined the concurrent validity of CAPs' ODD diagnoses against the results from the VADRSs. In addition, we compared CAPs' treatment recommendations against established ADHD and ODD guidelines.RESULTS: Among 63 ADHD subjects, the majority of the subjects(92%) met full ADHD diagnostic criteria at least in one setting(parent or teacher) on the VADRSs. Nearly half of the patients met full ADHD diagnostic criteria in two settings(parent and teacher). Relatively low agreement between the parent and teacher VADRSs were found(95%CI:-0.33 to 0.14). For 29 children who scored positive for ODD on the rating scales, CAPs confirmed the ODD diagnosis in only 12 of these casepositives, which is considered as a fair agreement between CAPs and VADRSs(95%CI: 0.10-0.53). For 27 children with no ODD diagnosis made by either CAP or VADRS, more than half of them were recommended for medication only. In contrast, where CAPs made the diagnosis of ODD, or where the parent or teacher VADRS was positive for ODD, almost all of the patients received recommendations for medication and behavior therapy.CONCLUSION: CAPs' ADHD diagnoses have strong concurrent validity against valid rating scales, but ADHD's most common comorbid condition- ODD- may be underrecognized. | Kumi Yuki Jyoti Bhagia David Mrazek Peter S Jensen | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Computer-aided identification of protein targets of four polyphenols in Alzheimer's disease(AD)and validation in a mouse AD model显示文摘Natural polyphenols are a large class of phytochemicals with neuroprotective effects. Four polyphenolic compounds: hesperidin, icariin, dihydromyricetin and baicalin were selected to evaluate their effects on Alzheimer's disease(AD). We analyzed by an inverse docking procedure(INVDOCK) the potential protein targets of these polyphenols within the KEGG AD pathway. Consequently, their therapeutic effects were evaluated and compared in a transgenic APP/PS1 mouse model of AD. These polyphenols were docked to several targets, including APP, BACE,PSEN, IDE, CASP, calpain and TNF-a, suggesting potential in vivo activities. Five month old transgenic mice were treated with these polyphenols. Icariin and hesperidin restored behavioral deficits and ameliorated Aβ deposits in both the cortex and hippocampus while baicalin and dihydromyricetin showed no substantial effects. Our findings suggest that hesperidin and icariin could be considered potential therapeutic candidates of human AD. | Chaoyun Li Ping Meng Benzheng Zhang Hong Kang Hanli Wen Hermann Schluesener Zhiwei Cao Zhiyuan Zhang | 2019 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2019，33，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Current Statistics System Fails to Reflect New Changes in International Trade Activities显示文摘Today developed countries mainly participate in international trade via their foreign affiliates and intermediate goods are more frequently traded as a result of increasingly deepening international divisions of labour.Against this background,the current trade statistical system that is characterized by the statistical principle of cross-border trade and production,and the custom’s registration data collection method,greatly exaggerate the trade imbalance between China and America. Consequently,it is necessary for the Chinese nation to overcome the shortcomings of the current statistical system so as to evaluate more fairly the trade imbalance between China and America by referring to the Ownership-Based Framework of the complimentary statistical system under the US Current Account.This article, on the basis of the statistical principle of oumership,attempts to regulate the distorted trade imbalance resulting from the current trade statistical system,and aims for an increased understanding of the trade imbalance between China and America from a theoretical background,as well as from the points of view of practitioners and decision makers. | 万光彩 刘莉 | 2007 | China Economist2007，2，3： | 2 |
| 20 | The dynamics variation of soil moisture of shelterbelts along the Tarim Desert Highway显示文摘We studied the variation of soil moisture as well as its regularity over the irrigation cycle at shelterbelts along the Tarim Desert Highway at different site types and different planting years. The results show that: (1) There is an obvious temporal variation of soil moisture within a typical irrigation period in shelterbelts along the Tarim Desert Highway, and the soil water storage varied linearly with the number of days after irrigation. Along the direction perpendicular to the soil top, the soil profile can be divided into four layers and each shows different dynamics of soil moisture variation, including the quickly changing layer (0—20 cm), the active layer (20—60 cm), the weakly layer (60—100 cm), and the regulated layer (under 100 cm). (2) Both the soil moisture and soil water content decreased gradually with the number of planting year, while the soil water deficit increased. It indicates that shelterbelts along the Tarim Desert Highway can retain the water accumulated from previous years. (3) The soil water storage of harden sand is the maximum among all types of sites. Specifically, it is about 1.58 times higher than that of longitudinal dune, 1.15 times higher than clay, and 1.43 times higher than flat sand. Its soil water deficit was over 900 mm. | WANG YongDong XU XinWen LEI JiaQiang LI ShengYu ZHOU ZhiBin CHANG Qing WANG LuHai GU Feng QIU YongZhi XU Bo | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，S2： | 2 |
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