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| 1 | Stroke-induced immunosuppression and poststroke infection显示文摘Infections occur commonly after stroke and are strongly associated with an unfavourable functional outcome of these patients.Approaches for effective management of poststroke infection remain scarce,presenting an urgent need for preventive anti-infection strategies for patients who have suffered a stroke.Emerging evidence indicates that stroke impairs systemic immune responses and increases the susceptibility to infections,suggesting that the modification of impaired immune defence could be beneficial.In this review,we summarised previous attempts to prevent poststroke infections using prophylactic antibiotics and the current understanding of stroke-induced immunosuppression.Further elucidation of the immune mechanisms of stroke will pave the way to tailored design of new treatment to combat poststroke infection via modifying the immune system. | Kaibin Shi Kristofer Wood Fu-Dong Shi Xiaoying Wang Qiang Liu | 2018 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2018，3，1： | 17 |
| 2 | Resective surgery for liver tumor: a multivariate analysis of causes and risk factors linked to postoperative complications显示文摘BACKGROUND: In spite of accurate selection of patients eligible for resection, and although advances in surgical techniques and perioperative management have greatly contributed to reducing the rate of perioperative deaths, stress must be placed on reducing the postoperative complication rates reported to be still as high as 50%. This study was designed to analyze the causes and foreseeable risk factors linked to postoperative morbidity on the grounds of data derived from a single-center surgical population. METHODS: From September 1989 to March 2005, 287 consecutive patients, affected either with HCC or liver metastasis, had liver resection at our department. Among the HCC series we recorded 98 patients (73.2%) in Child- Pugh class A, 32 (23.8%) in class B and 4 in class C (3%). In 104 colorectal metastases, 71% were due to colon cancer, 25% rectal, 3% sigmoid, and 1% anorectal. In 49 non-colorectal metastases, 22.4% were derived from breast cancer, 63.2% gastrointestinal tumors (excluding colon) and 14.4% other cancers. We performed 80 wedge resections, 77 bisegmentectomies and/or left lobectomies, 74 segmentectomies, 22 major hepatectomies, 20 left hepatectomies, and 14 trisegmentectomies. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality rate in this series was 4.5%, and the morbidity rate was 47.7%, because of pleural effusion (30%), hepatic abscess (25%), hepatic insufficiency (19%), ascites (10%), hemoperitoneum (10%), or biliary fistula (6%). The variables associated with the technical aspects of the surgical procedure thatwere responsible for the complications were: a Pringle maneuver length more than 20 minutes (P=0.001); the type of liver resection procedure, including major hepatectomy (P=0.02), left hepatectomy (P=0.04), trisegmentectomy (P=0.04), bisegmentectomy and/or left lobectomy (P=0,04); and a blood transfusion of more than 600 ml (P=0.04). CONCLUSION: The evaluation of causes and foreseeable risk factors linked to postoperative morbidity during the planning of surgical treatment should play the same role as other factors weighed in the selection of patients eligible for liver resection. | Enrico Benzoni Dario Lorenzin Umberto Baccarani Gian Luigi Adani Alessandro Favero Alessandro Cojutti Fabrizio Bresadola Alessandro Uzzau | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，4： | 17 |
| 3 | Molecular mechanisms of AGE/RAGE-mediated fibrosis in the diabetic heart显示文摘Chronic hyperglycemia is one of the main characteristics of diabetes. Persistent exposure to elevated glucose levels has been recognized as one of the major causal factors of diabetic complications. In pathologies, like type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), mechanical and biochemical stimuli activate profibrotic signaling cascades resulting in myocardial fibrosis and subsequent impaired cardiac performance due to ventricular stiffness. High levels of glucose nonenzymatically react with long-lived proteins, such as collagen, to form advanced glycation end products(AGEs). AGE-modified collagen increase matrix stiffness making it resistant to hydrolytic turnover, resulting in an accumulation of extracellular matrix(ECM) proteins. AGEs account for many of the diabetic cardiovascular complications through their engagement of the receptor for AGE(RAGE). AGE/RAGE activation stimulates the secretion of numerous profibrotic growth factors, promotes increased collagen deposition leading to tissue fibrosis, as well as increased RAGE expression. To date, the AGE/RAGE cascade is not fully understood. In this review, we willdiscuss one of the major fibrotic signaling pathways, the AGE/RAGE signaling cascade, as well as propose an alternate pathway via Rap1 a that may offer insight into cardiovascular ECM remodeling in T2 DM. In a series of studies, we demonstrate a role for Rap1 a in the regulation of fibrosis and myofibroblast differentiation in isolated diabetic and non-diabetic fibroblasts. While these studies are still in a preliminary stage, inhibiting Rap1 a protein expression appears to down-regulate the molecular switch used to activate the ζ isotype of protein kinase C thereby promote AGE/RAGE-mediated fibrosis. | Jia Zhao Rushil Randive James A Stewart | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，6： | 17 |
| 4 | 妊娠合并糖尿病诊治指南(2014)(二)显示文摘咨询与治疗一、妊娠前(一)一般建议建议所有计划妊娠的糖尿病、糖耐量受损(impaired glucose tolerance,IGT)或空腹血糖受损(impaired fasting glucose,IFG;即糖尿病前期)的妇女,进行妊娠前咨询。有GDM史者再次妊娠时发生GDM的可能性为30%-50%,因此,产后1年以上计划妊娠者,最好在计划妊娠前行OGTT。 | 杨慧霞 | 2014 | 健康管理2014，0，12： | 16 |
| 5 | Type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: The influence of changing diagnostic criteria显示文摘A previous diagnosis of gestational diabetes(GDM)carries a lifetime risk of progression to type 2 diabetes of up to 60%.Identification of those women at higher risk of progression to diabetes allows the timely introduction of measures to delay or prevent diabetes onset.However,there is a large degree of variability in the literature with regard to the proportion of women with a history of GDM who go on to develop diabetes.Heterogeneity between cohorts with regard to diagnostic criteria used,duration of follow-up,and the characteristics of the study population limit the ability to make meaningful comparisons across studies.As the new International Association for Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group criteria are increasingly adopted worldwide,the prevalence of GDM is set to increase by two-to three-fold.Here,we review the literature to examine the evolution of diagnostic criteria for GDM,the implications of changing criteria on the proportion of women with previous GDM progressing to diabetes,and how the use of different diagnostic criteria may influence the development of appropriate follow-up strategies. | Eoin Noctor Fidelma P Dunne | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，2： | 14 |
| 6 | Reactivation of γ-globin expression through Cas9 or base editor to treat β-hemoglobinopathies显示文摘Dear Editor,Mutations in the β-globin gene,the essential component of adult hemoglobin(HbA;a2p2),results in either a production of aberrant sickle hemoglobin(HbS)leading to sickle cell disease(SCD)or an insufficient β-globin synthesis leading to β-thalassemia.These two major forms of β-hemoglobinopathies cause impaired erythropoiesis and life-threatening anemia.Clinical evidence has suggested that reaaivation of fetal γ-globin(HBG)gene expression which is normally silenced after birth by certain genetic mutations can ameliorate the clinical course of β-hemoglobinopathies. | Liren Wang Linxi Li Yanlin Ma Handan Hu Qi Li Yang Yang Wenbang Liu Shuming Yin Wei Li Bin Fu Ryo Kurita Yukio Nakamura Mingyao Liu Yongrong Lai Dali Li | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，3： | 14 |
| 7 | Prediabetes diagnosis and treatment: A review显示文摘Prediabetes is an intermediate state of hyperglycemia with glycemic parameters above normal but below the diabetes threshold. While, the diagnostic criteria of prediabetes are not uniform across various international professional organizations, it remains a state of high risk for developing diabetes with yearly conversion rate of 5%-10%. Observational evidence suggests as association between prediabetes and complications of diabetes such early nephropathy, small fiber neuropathy, early retinopathy and risk of macrovascular disease. Several studies have shown efficacy of lifestyle interventions with regards to diabetes prevention with a relative risk reduction of 40%-70% in adults with prediabetes. While there is increasing evidence to prove the efficacy of pharmacotherapy in prevention of diabetes in adults with prediabetes, pharmaceutical treatment options other than metformin are associated with adverse effects that limit their use for prediabetes. There are no reports of systematic evaluation of health outcomes related to prediabetes in children. The effects of pharmacotherapy of prediabetes on growth and pubertal development in children remains unknown. Secondary intervention with pharmacotherapy with metformin is advocated for high-risk individuals but criteria for such consideration benefit of early intervention, long term cost effectiveness of such interventions and the end point of therapy remain unclear. Pharmacotherapy must be used with caution in children with prediabetes. Prediabetes is a condition defined as having blood glucose levels above normal but below the defined threshold of diabetes. It is considered to be an at risk state, with high chances of developing diabetes. While, prediabetes is commonly an asymptomatic condition, there is always presence of prediabetes before the onset of diabetes. The elevation of blood sugar is a continuum and hence prediabetes can not be considered an entirely benign condition. This aim of this review is to describe the challenges associated with diagnosis of prediabetes, the possible adverse medical outcomes associated with prediabetes and the treatment options and rationale for their use in context of prediabetes. | Nidhi Bansal | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，2： | 12 |
| 8 | Meningeal lymphatic vessels regulate brain tumor drainage and immunity显示文摘Recent studies have shown that meningeal lymphatic vessels(MLVs),which are located both dorsally and basally beneath the skull,provide a route for draining macromolecules and trafficking immune cells from the central nervous system(CNS)into cervical lymph nodes(CLNs),and thus represent a potential therapeutic target for treating neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases.However,the roles of MLVs in brain tumor drainage and immunity remain unexplored.Here we show that dorsal MLVs undergo extensive remodeling in mice with intracranial gliomas or metastatic melanomas.RNA-seq analysis of MLV endothelial cells revealed changes in the gene sets involved in lymphatic remodeling,fluid drainage,as well as inflammatory and immunological responses.Disruption of dorsal MLVs alone impaired intratumor fluid drainage and the dissemination of brain tumor cells to deep CLNs(dCLNs).Notably,the dendritic cell(DC)trafficking from intracranial tumor tissues to dCLNs decreased in mice with defective dorsal MLVs,and increased in mice with enhanced dorsal meningeal lymphangiogenesis.Strikingly,disruption of dorsal MLVs alone,without affecting basal MLVs or nasal LVs,significantly reduced the efficacy of combined anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 checkpoint therapy in striatal tumor models.Furthermore,mice bearing tumors overexpressing VEGF-C displayed a better response to anti-PD-1/CTLA-4 combination therapy,and this was abolished by CCL21/CCR7 blockade,suggesting that VEGF-C potentiates checkpoint therapy via the CCL21/CCR7 pathway.Together,the results of our study not only demonstrate the functional aspects of MLVs as classic lymphatic vasculature,but also highlight that they are essential in generating an efficient immune response against brain tumors. | Xueting Hu Qiuping Deng Lu Ma Qingqing Li Yidong Chen Yuhan Liao Fan Zhou Chen Zhang Linlin Shao Jun Feng Tubao He Weihai Ning Yan Kong Yingqing Huo Aibin He Bing Liu Jingjing Zhang Ralf Adams Yulong He Fuchou Tang Xiuwu Bian Jincai Luo | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，3： | 11 |
| 9 | Image-guided locoregional non-intravascular interventional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most deadly and frequent cancers worldwide,although great advancement in the treatment of this malignancy have been made within the past few decades.It continues to be a major health issue due to an increasing incidence and a poor prognosis.The majority of patients have their HCC diagnosed at an intermediate or advanced stage in theUSA or China.Curative therapy such as surgical resection or liver transplantation is not considered anoption of treatment at these stages.Transarterial chemoembolization(TACE),the most widely used locoregional therapeutic approach,used to be the mainstay of treatment for cases with unresectable cancer entities.However,for those patients with hypovascular tumors or impaired liver function reserve,TACE is a suboptimal treatment option.For example,embolization does not result in complete coverage of a hypovascular tumor,and may rather promotes postoperative tumor recurrence,or leave residual tumor,in these TACE-resistance patients.In addition,TACE carries a higher risk of hepatic decompensation in patients with poor liver function or reserve.Non-vascular interventional locoregional therapies for HCC include radiofrequency ablation(RFA),microwave ablation(MWA),high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU),laser-induced thermotherapy(LITT),cryosurgical ablation(CSA),irreversible Electroporation(IRE),percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI),and brachytherapy.Recent advancements in these techniques have significantly improved the treatment efficacy of HCC and expanded the population of patients who qualify for treatment.This review embraces the current status of imaging-guided locoregional non-intravascular interventional treatments for HCCs,with a primary focus on the clinical evaluation and assessment of the efficacy of combined therapies using these interventional techniques. | Kun Qian Feng Zhang Stephen K.Allison Chuansheng Zheng Xiaoming Yang | 2021 | Journal of Interventional Medicine2021，4，1： | 11 |
| 10 | Expert consensus on standardized diagnosis and treatment for heat stroke(draft)显示文摘Overview Heats stroke(HS)is severe sunstroke caused by a rapid increase in one’s core temperature in excess of 40°C from exposure to a hot and humid environment.HS is accompanied by serious clinical syndromes that damage multiple organ systems.h ese syndromes include burning skin and impaired awareness,such as delir ium,conv ul sions,and loss of consciousness.Exertional heat stroke(EHS)is caused by a rapid increase in one’s core temperature in excess of 40°C from high | People’s Liberation Army Professional Committee of Critical Care Medicine | 2015 | Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)2015，30，1： | 11 |
| 11 | Immune response in COVID-19:addressing a pharmacological challenge by targeting pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2显示文摘To date,no vaccines or effective drugs have been approved to prevent or treat COVID-19 and the current standard care relies on supportive treatments.Therefore,based on the fast and global spread of the virus,urgent investigations are warranted in order to develop preventive and therapeutic drugs.In this regard,treatments addressing the immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 infection have become a major focus.Notably,while a rapid and well-coordinated immune response represents the first line of defense against viral infection,excessive inflammatory innate response and impaired adaptive host immune defense may lead to tissue damage both at the site of virus entry and at systemic level.Several studies highlight relevant changes occurring both in innate and adaptive immune system in COVID-19 patients.In particular,the massive cytokine and chemokine release,the so-called“cytokine storm”,clearly reflects a widespread uncontrolled dysregulation of the host immune defense.Although the prospective of counteracting cytokine storm is compelling,a major limitation relies on the limited understanding of the immune signaling pathways triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection.The identification of signaling pathways altered during viral infections may help to unravel the most relevant molecular cascades implicated in biological processes mediating viral infections and to unveil key molecular players that may be targeted.Thus,given the key role of the immune system in COVID-19,a deeper understanding of the mechanism behind the immune dysregulation might give us clues for the clinical management of the severe cases and for preventing the transition from mild to severe stages. | Michele Catanzaro Francesca Fagiani Marco Racchi Emanuela Corsini Stefano Govoni Cristina Lanni | 2020 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020，5，1： | 11 |
| 12 | Metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients:An unholy alliance显示文摘For many years, it has been recognized that hypertension tends to cluster with various anthropometric and metabolic abnormalities including abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and hyperuricemia. This constellation of various conditions has been transformed from a pathophysiological concept to a clinical entity, which has been defined metabolic syndrome(MetS). The consequences of the MetS have been difficult to assess without commonly accepted criteria to diagnose it. For this reason, on 2009 the International Diabetes Federation, the American Heart Association and other scientific organizations proposed a unified MetS definition. The incidence of the MetS has been increasing worldwide in parallel with an increase in overweight and obesity. The epidemic proportion reached by the MetS represents a major public health challenge, because several lines of evidence showed that the MetS, even without type 2 diabetes, confers an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in different populations including also hypertensive patients. It is likely that the enhanced cardiovascular risk associated with MetS in patients with high blood pressure may be largely mediated through an increased prevalence of preclinical cardiovascular and renal changes, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, early carotid atherosclerosis, impaired aortic elasticity, hypertensive retinopathy and microalbuminuria. Indeed, many reports support this notion, showing that hypertensive patients with MetS exhibit, more often than those without it, these early signs of end organ damage, most of which are recognized as significant independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. | Giuseppe Mulè IIenia Calcaterra Emilio Nardi Giovanni Cerasola Santina Cottone | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，9： | 10 |
| 13 | SIDT1-dependent absorption in the stomach mediates host uptake of dietary and orally administered microRNAs显示文摘Dietary microRNAs have been shown to be absorbed by mammals and regulate host gene expression,but the absorption mechanism remains unknown.Here,we show that SIDT1 expressed on gastric pit cells in the stomach is required for the absorption of dietary microRNAs.SIDT1-deficient mice show reduced basal levels and impaired dynamic absorption of dietary microRNAs.Notably,we identified the stomach as the primary site for dietary microRNA absorption,which is dramatically attenuated in the stomachs of SIDT1-deficient mice.Mechanistic analyses revealed that the uptake of exogenous microRNAs by gastric pit cells is SIDT1 and low-pH dependent.Furthermore,oral administration of plant-derived miR2911 retards liver fibrosis,and this protective effect was abolished in SIDT1-deficient mice.Our findings reveal a major mechanism underlying the absorption of dietary microRNAs,uncover an unexpected role of the stomach and shed light on developing small RNA therapeutics by oral delivery. | Qun Chen Fan Zhang Lei Dong Huimin Wu Jie Xu Hanqin Li Jin Wang Zhen Zhou Chunyan Liu Yanbo Wang Yuyan Liu Liangsheng Lu Chen Wang Minghui Liu Xi Chen Cheng Wang Chunni Zhang Dangsheng Li Ke Zen Fangyu Wang Qipeng Zhang Chen-Yu Zhang | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，3： | 10 |
| 14 | New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation:Incidence and associated factors显示文摘AIM To determine the incidence and associated factors of new-onset diabetes after transplantation(NODAT) in a Portuguese central hospital. METHODS This single-center retrospective study involved consecutive adult nondiabetic transplant recipients, who had undergone kidney transplantation between January 2012 and March 2016. NODAT was diagnosed according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association. Data were collected from an institutional database of the Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Department(Santa Maria Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal) and augmented with data of laboratorial parameters collected from the corresponding patient electronic medical records. Exclusion criteria were preexisting diabetes mellitus, missing information and follow-up period of less than 12 mo. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics as well as anthropometric and laboratorial parameters were also collected. Patients were divided into two groups: With and without NODAT-for statistical comparison.RESULTS A total of 156 patients received kidney transplantduring the study period, 125 of who were included in our analysis. NODAT was identified in 27.2% of the patients(n = 34; 53% female; mean age: 49.5 ± 10.8 years; median follow-up: 36.4 ± 2.5 mo). The incidence in the first year was 24.8%. The median time to diagnosis was 3.68 ± 5.7 mo after transplantation, and 76.5% of the patients developed NODAT in the first 3 mo. In the group that did not develop NODAT(n = 91), 47% were female, with mean age of 46.4 ± 13.5 years and median follow-up of 35.5 ± 1.6 mo. In the NODAT group, the pretransplant fasting plasma glucose(FPG) levels were significantly higher [101(96.1-105.7) mg/d L vs 92(91.4-95.8) mg/d L, P = 0.007] and pretransplant impaired fasting glucose(IFG) was significantly more frequent(51.5% vs 27.7%, P = 0.01). Higher pretransplant FPG levels and pretransplant IFG were found to be predictive risk factors for NODAT development [odds ratio(OR): 1.059, P = 0.003; OR: 2.772, P = 0.017, respectively]. CONCLUSION NODAT incidence was high in our renal transplant recipients, particularly in the first 3 mo posttransplant, and higher pretransplant FPG level and IFG were risk factors. | Vania Gomes Florbela Ferreira JoséGuerra Maria Joao Bugalho | 2018 | World Journal of Diabetes2018，9，7： | 8 |
| 15 | Increased liver markers are associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes显示文摘AIM: To investigate the association between liver markers and the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2DM) and impaired fasting glucose(IFG).METHODS: A total of 8863 participants(3408 men and 5455 women) over 30 years of age were analyzed from the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2010-2011). The associations of serum liver markers such as aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), AST/ALT, and gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT) with T2 DM and IFG were analyzed using logistic regression models. Participants were divided into sex-specific quartiles on the basis of liver markers.RESULTS: The prevalence of T2 DM and IFG were 11.3% and 18.3%. Increasing quartiles of ALT and GGT were positively and AST/ALT were negatively correlated with T2 DM and IFG. Analysis of the liver marker combinations showed that if any two or more markers were in the highest risk quartile, the risks of both T2 DM and IFG increased significantly. The risk was greatest when the highest ALT and GGT and lowest AST/ALT quartile were combined, with the riskof T2 DM at 3.21(95%CI: 1.829-5.622, P < 0.001) in men and 4.60(95%CI: 3.217-6.582, P < 0.001) in women. Men and women with the highest AST and ALT and lowest AST/ALT quartile had a 1.99 and 2.40 times increased risk of IFG.CONCLUSION: Higher levels of GGT and ALT and lower AST/ALT within the physiological range are independent, additive risk factors of T2 DM and IFG. | Sun-Hye Ko Myong Ki Baeg Kyung-Do Han Seung-Hyun Ko Yu-Bae Ahn | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，24： | 8 |
| 16 | B vitamins for stroke prevention显示文摘Supplementation with B vitamins(vitamin B9(folic acid),vitamin B_(12) and vitamin B_(6))lowers blood total homocysteine(tHcy)concentrations by about 25%and reduces the relative risk of stroke overall by about 10%(risk ratio(RR)0.90,95%CI 0.82 to 0.99)compared with placebo.Homocysteine-lowering interventions have no significant effect on myocardial infarction,death from any cause or adverse outcomes.Factors that appear to modify the effect of B vitamins on stroke risk include low folic acid status,high tHcy,high cyanocobalamin dose in patients with impaired renal function and concurrent antiplatelet therapy.In regions with increasing levels or established policies of population folate supplementation,evidence from observational genetic epidemiological studies and randomised controlled clinical trials is concordant in suggesting an absence of benefit from lowering of homocysteine with folic acid for prevention of stroke.Clinical trials indicate that in countries which mandate folic acid fortification of food,folic acid supplementation has no significant effect on reducing stroke risk(RR 1.05,95%CI 0.90 to 1.23).However,in countries without mandatory folic acid food fortification,folic acid supplementation reduces the risk of stroke by about 15%(RR 0.85,95%CI 0.77 to 0.94).Folic acid alone or in combination with minimal cyanocobalamin(≤0.05 mg/day)is associated with an even greater reduction in risk of future stroke by 25%(RR 0.75,95%CI 0.66 to 0.86),whereas the combination of folic acid and a higher dose of cyanocobalamin(≥0.4 mg/day)is not associated with a reduced risk of future stroke(RR 0.95,95%CI 0.86 to 1.05).The lack of benefit of folic acid plus higher doses of cyanocobalamin(≥0.4 mg/day)was observed in trials which all included participants with chronic kidney disease.Because metabolic B_(12)deficiency is very common and usually not diagnosed,future randomised trials of homocysteine-lowering interventions for stroke prevention should probably test a combination of folic acid and methylcobalamin or hydroxocobalamin instead of cyanocobalamin,and perhaps vitamin B_(6). | Graeme J Hankey | 2018 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2018，3，2： | 7 |
| 17 | Determinants of the impact of blood pressure variability on neurological outcome after acute ischaemic stroke显示文摘Introduction: Increased blood pressure variability (BPV) is detrimental after acute ischaemic stroke, but the interaction between BPV and neuroimaging factors that directly influence stroke outcome has not been explored. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed inpatients from 2007 to 2014 with acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke, CT perfusion and angiography at hospital admission, and a modified Rankin Scale (MRS) 30- 365 days after stroke onset. BPV indices included SD, coefficient of variation and successive variation of the systolic blood pressure between 0 and 120 hours after admission. Ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to MRS with predictor variables of BPV indices. Models were further stratified by CT perfusion volumetric measurements, proximal vessel occlusion and collateral score. Results: 110 patients met the inclusion criteria. The likelihood of a 1-point rise in the MRS increased with every 10 mm Hg increase in BPV (OR for the 3 BPV indices ranged from 2.27 to 5.54), which was more pronounced in patients with larger ischaemic core volumes (OR 8.37 to 18.0) and larger hypoperfused volumes (OR 6.02 to 15.4). This association also held true for patients with larger mismatch volume, proximal vessel occlusion and good collateral vessels. Conclusions: These results indicate that increased BPV is associated with worse neurological outcome after stroke, particularly in patients with a large lesion core volume, concurrent viable ischaemic penumbra, proximal vessel occlusion and good collaterals. This subset of patients, who are often not candidates for or fail acute stroke therapies such as intravenous tissue plasminogen activator or endovascular thrombectomy, may benefit from interventions aimed at reducing BPV. | Adam de Havenon Alicia Bennett Gregory J Stoddard Gordon Smith Lee Chung Steve O’Donnell J Scott McNally David Tirschwell Jennifer J Majersik | 2017 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2017，2，1： | 6 |
| 18 | Role of the glymphatic system in ageing and diabetes mellitus impaired cognitive function显示文摘Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease in the middle-aged and older population, and is associated with cognitive impairment and an increased risk of developing dementia. The glymphatic system is a recently characterised brain-wide cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid drainage pathway that enables the clearance of interstitial metabolic waste from the brain parenchyma. Emerging data suggest that DM and ageing impair the glymphatic system, leading to accumulation of metabolic wastes including amyloid-β within the brain parenchyma, and consequently provoking cognitive dysfunction. In this review, we concisely discuss recent findings regarding the role of the glymphatic system in DM and ageing associated cognitive impairment. | Li Zhang Michael Chopp Quan Jiang Zhenggang Zhang | 2019 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2019，4，2： | 6 |
| 19 | Gibberellin repression of axillary bud formation in Arabidopsis by modulation of DELLA-SPL9 complex activity显示文摘The formation of lateral branches has an important and fundamental contribution to the remarkable developmental plasticity of plants,which allows plants to alter their architecture to adapt to the challenging environment conditions.The Gibberellin(GA)phytohormones have been known to regulate the outgrowth of axillary meristems(AMs),but the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear.Here we show that DELLA proteins regulate axillary bud formation by interacting and regulating the DNA-binding ability of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE 9(SPL9),a micro RNA156-targeted squamosa promoter binding protein-like transcription factor.SPL9 participates in the initial regulation of axillary buds by repressing the expression of LATERAL SUPPRESSOR(LAS),a key regulator inthe initiation of AMs,and LAS contributes to the specific expression pattern of the GA deactivation enzyme GA2ox4,which is specifically expressed in the axils of leaves to form a low-GA cell niche in this anatomical region.Nevertheless,increasing GA levels in leaf axils by ectopically expressing the GA-biosynthesis enzyme GA20ox2 significantly impaired axillary meristem initiation.Our study demonstrates that DELLA-SPL9-LAS-GA2ox4 defines a core feedback regulatory module that spatially pattern GA content in the leaf axil and precisely control the axillary bud formation in different spatial and temporal. | Qi-Qi Zhang Jia-Gang Wang Ling-Yan Wang Jun-Fang Wang Qun Wang Ping Yu Ming-Yi Bai Min Fan | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，4： | 6 |
| 20 | Ulinastatin Exerts the Protective Effects of Lung by UpRegulating Aquaporins Expression in a Two-Hit Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome显示文摘Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is a syndrome characterized by significant lung edema,impaired permeability of lung microvascular endothelial cells with the mal-expression of aquaporins(AQPs).In this study,a two-hit porcine model of ARDS induced by smoking and methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)was developed,we investigate the AQPs expression and the influence of Ulinastatin(UTI)to them.Forty-nine healthy male domestic pigs aged 8–10 weeks and weighing 30±2 kg were used for the study.Anesthesia was maintained through continuous intravenous infusion of pentobarbital[8 mg/(kg∙h)].A 5-Fr PiCCO catheter(Pulsiocath PV2015L20;Pulsion Medical Systems,Munich,Germany)and a central venous catheter was inserted for hemodynamic monitoring,including mean arterial pressure(MAP),cardiac index(CI),systemic vascular resistance index(SVRI)and extravascular lung water index(ELWI). | HANG Chen Chen GUO Yu Hong LI Chun Sheng WANG Shuo | 2021 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2021，34，12： | 6 |
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