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| 1 | Role of retinoids in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer显示文摘Vitamin A and its derivatives, retinoids, have been widely studied for their use as cancer chemotherapeutic agents. With respect to colorectal cancer(CRC), several critical mutations dysregulate pathways implicated in progression and metastasis, resulting in aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling, gain-of-function mutations in K-ras and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt, cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression, reduction of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ activation, and loss of p53 function. Dysregulation leads to increased cellular proliferation and invasion and decreased cell-cell interaction and differentiation. Retinoids affect these pathways by various mechanisms, many involving retinoic acid receptors(RAR). RAR bind to all-trans-retinoic acid(ATRA) to induce the transcription of genes responsible for cellular differentiation. Although most research concerning the chemotherapeutic efficacy of retinoids focuses on the ability of ATRA to decrease cancer cell proliferation, increase differentiation, or promote apoptosis; as CRC progresses, RAR expression is often lost, rendering treatment of CRCs with ATRA ineffective. Our laboratory focuses on the ability of dietary vitamin A to decrease CRC cell proliferation and invasion via RAR-independent pathways. This review discusses our research and others concerning the ability of retinoids to ameliorate the defective signaling pathways listed above and decrease tumor cell proliferation and invasion through both RAR-dependent and RAR-independent mechanisms. | Catherine C Applegate Michelle A Lane | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2015，7，10： | 2 |
| 2 | When appendicitis is suspected in children显示文摘 | Sivit C J Siegel M J Applegate K E | 2001 | Radiographics2001，21，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Health outcomes associated with calcium antagonists compared with other first-line antihypertensive therapies: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials 显示文摘 | Pahor M Psaty BM Alderman MH Applegate WB Williamson JD Cavazzini C Furberg CD | 2000 | Lancet2000，356，9246： | 1 |
| 4 | Combined lipid/DNA extraction method for environmental samples显示文摘 | Kehrmeyer S R Applegate B M Pinkart H C | 1996 | J Microbiol Methods1996，25，： | 1 |
| 5 | Intestinal malrotatio- n in children: a problem-solving approach to the upper gastrointestin- al series显示文摘 | Applegate K E Anderson J M Klatte E C | 2006 | Radiographics2006，26，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Evidence that ferritin is UV inducible in human skin: Part of a putative defense mechanism 显示文摘 | SCALETTA C PANIZZON R | 1999 | J Invest Dermatol1999，111，： | 1 |
| 7 | Abrogation of growth hormone secretion rescues fatty liver in mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of JAK2显示文摘 | Sos Brandon C Harris Charles Nordstrom Sarah M Tran Jennifer L Balázs Mercedesz Caplazi Patrick Febbraio Maria Applegate Milana A B Wagner Kay-Uwe Weiss Ethan J | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，4： | 1 |
| 8 | A comparison of student knowl- edge acquisition by organ system and skills in parallel problem-based and lecture-based curricula显示文摘 | Wardley C S Applegate E B Van Rhee J A | 2013 | J Physician Assist Educ2013，24，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Non-polymer-based paclitaxel-coated coronary stents for the treatment of patients with de novo coronary lesions: angiographic follow-up of the DELIVER clinical trial显示文摘 | Lansky AJ Costa RA Mintz GS Tsuchiya Y Midei M Cox DA O'Shaughnessy C Applegate RA Cannon LA Mooney M Farah A Tannenbaum MA Yakubov S Kereiakes DJ Wong SC Kaplan B Cristea E Stone GW Leon MB Knopf WD O'Neill WW DELIVER Clinical Trial Investigators | 2004 | Circulation2004，109，16： | 1 |
| 10 | Influence of phytase on water soluble phosphorus in poultry and swine manure 显示文摘 | Angle C R Powers W J Applegate T J | 2005 | J Environ Qual2005，34，： | 1 |
| 11 | Isehemic conditioning-in- duced endogenous brain protection: Applications pre-, per- or post- stroke 显示文摘 | Wang Y Reis C Applegate RN | 2015 | Exp Neurol2015，272，： | 1 |
| 12 | An architecture for adversarial planning显示文摘 | APPLEGATE C ELSAESSER C SANBORN J | 1990 | IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics1990，20，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Visual acuity as a function of Zernike mode and level of root mean square error显示文摘 | APPLEGATE R A BALLENTINE C GROSS H | 2003 | American Academy of Optometry2003，80，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of papillary dilation on corneal optical aberrations after photorefractive keratectomy 显示文摘 | Martinez C E Applegate R A Klyce S D | 1998 | Arch Ophthalmol1998，116，： | 1 |
| 15 | Can coronary angiography predict the site of a subsequent myocardial infarction in patients with mild to moderate coronary artery disease显示文摘 | LITTLE W C CONSTANTINESCU M APPLEGATE R J | | 0，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Effect of pupillary dilation on corneal optical aberrations after photorefractive keratectomy显示文摘 | MARTINEZ C E APPLEGATE R A KLYCE S D | 1998 | Arch Ophthalmol1998，116，： | 1 |
| 17 | Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of acute bacterial sinusitis in children aged 1 to 18 years显示文摘 | Wald E R Applegate K E Bordley C | 2013 | Pediatrics2013，132，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of pupillary dilation on corneal optical aberration after photorefractive keratectomy显示文摘 | MARTINEZ C E APPLEGATE R A KLYCE S D | 1998 | Arch Ophthalmol1998，116，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Clinical Practice Guidelinefor the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Bacterial Sinusitis in Chil-dren Aged 1 to 18 Years显示文摘 | Wald ER Applegate KE ’ Bordley C | 2013 | Pediatrics2013，24，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Optics of aberroscopy and supervision显示文摘 | Applegate RA Thibos LN Hilmantel C | 2001 | Cataract Ref Surg2001，27，： | 1 |
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