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| 1 | Sleep,immunity and inflammation in gastrointestinal disorders显示文摘Sleep disorders have become a global issue,and discovering their causes and consequences are the focus of many research endeavors.An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of sleep disorder.Certain sleep disorders have been shown to cause neurocognitive impairment such as decreased cognitive ability,slower response times and performance detriments.Recent research suggests that individuals with sleep abnormalities are also at greater risk of serious adverse health,economic consequences,and most importantly increased all-cause mortality.Several research studies support the associations among sleep,immune function and inflammation.Here,we review the current research linking sleep,immune function,and gastrointestinal diseases and discuss the interdependent relationship between sleep and these gastrointestinal disorders.Different physiologic processes including immune system and inflammatory cytokines help regulate the sleep.The inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor,interleukin-1(IL-1),and IL-6 have been shown to be a significant contributor of sleep disturbances.On the other hand,sleep disturbances such as sleep deprivation have been shown to up regulate these inflammatory cytokines.Alterations in these cytokine levels have been demonstrated in certain gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease,gastro-esophageal reflux,liver disorders and colorectal cancer.In turn,abnormal sleep brought on by these diseases is shown to contribute to the severity of these same gastrointestinal diseases.Knowledge of these relationships will allow gastroenterologists a great opportunity to enhance the care of their patients. | Tauseef Ali James Choe Ahmed Awab Theodore L Wagener William C Orr | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 15 |
| 2 | Association between cag-pathogenicity island in Helicobacter pylori isolates from peptic ulcer,gastric carcinoma,and non-ulcer dyspepsia subjects with histological changes显示文摘AIM: To investigate the presence of the cay-pathogenicity island and the associated histological damage caused by strains with complete cay-PAI and with partial deletions in correlation to the disease status.METHODS: We analyzed the complete cag-PAI of 174representative Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) clinical isolates obtained from patients with duodenal ulcer,gastric ulcer, gastric cancer, and non-ulcer dyspepsia using eight different oligonucleotide primers viz cagA1,cagA2, cagAP1, cagAP2, cagE, cagT, LEC-1, LEC-2spanning five different loci of the whole cag-PAI by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).RESULTS: The complete screening of the genes comprising the cag-PAI showed that larger proportions of subjects with gastric ulcer (97.8%) inhabited strains with complete cag-PAI, followed by gastric cancer (85.7%),non-ulcer dyspepsia (7.1%), and duodenal ulcer (6.9%),significant differences were found in the percentagedistribution of the genes in all the clinical groups studied.It was found that strains with complete cag-PAI were able to cause severe histological damage than with the partially deleted ones.CONCLUSION: The cay-PAI is a strong virulent marker in the disease pathogenesis as it is shown that a large number of those infected with strain with complete cag-PAI had one or the other of the irreversible gastric pathologies and interestingly 18.5% of them developed gastric carcinoma. The presence of an intact cayPAI correlates with the development of more severe pathology, and such strains were found more frequently in patients with severe gastroduodenal disease. Partial deletions of the cag-PAI appear to be sufficient to render the organism less pathogenic. | Mahaboob Ali Aleem A Khan Santosh K Tiwari Niyaz Ahmed L Venkateswar Rao CM Habibullah | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，43： | 15 |
| 3 | Programmed death-1/programmed death-L1 signaling pathway and its blockade in hepatitis C virus immunotherapy显示文摘Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection is a public health issue that often progresses to life-threatening complications, including liver cirrhosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Impaired immune responses to HCV are key features of chronic HCV infection. Therefore, intervention strategies usually involve enhancing the immune responses against HCV. Cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes(CTLs) play a critical role in the control of HCV infection. However, their cytolytic function can be impaired by the expression of co-inhibitory molecules. Programmed death-1(PD-1) receptor and its ligand PD-L1 function in a T cell co-inhibitory pathway, which either blocks the function of CTLs or the differentiation of CD8+ T cells. During chronic HCV infection, the immune inhibitory receptor PD-1 is upregulated on dysfunctional HCV-specific CD8+ T cells. As such, blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in these CD8+ T cells might restore their functional capabilities. Indeed, clinical trials using therapies to block this pathway have shown promise in the fostering of anti-HCV immunity. Understanding how chronic HCV infection induces upregulation of PD-1 on HCV specific T cells and how the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction develops HCV specific T cell dysfunction will accelerate the development of an efficacious prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against chronic HCV infections, which will significantly improve HCV treatments and patient survival. In this review, we discuss the relationship between PD-1 expression and clinical responses and the potential use of PD-1 blockade for anti-HCV therapy. | Mohamed L Salem Ahmed El-Badawy | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，23： | 9 |
| 4 | Surgical options for correction of refractive error following cataract surgery显示文摘Refractive errors are frequently found following cataract surgery and refractive lens exchange.Accurate biometric analysis,selection and calculation of the adequate intraocular lens(IOL)and modern techniques for cataract surgery all contribute to achieving the goal of cataract surgery as a refractive procedure with no refractive error.However,in spite of all these advances,residual refractive error still occasionally occurs after cataract surgery and laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)can be considered the most accurate method for its correction.Lens-based procedures,such as IOL exchange or piggyback lens implantation are also possible alternatives especially in cases with extreme ametropia,corneal abnormalities,or in situations where excimer laser is unavailable.In our review,we have found that piggyback IOL is safer and more accurate than IOL exchange.Our aim is to provide a review of the recent literature regarding target refraction and residual refractive error in cataract surgery. | Ahmed A Abdelghany Jorge L Alio | 2014 | Eye and Vision2014，1，1： | 6 |
| 5 | Multiphase computed tomography radiomics of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms to predict malignancy显示文摘BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(IPMNs)are non-invasive pancreatic precursor lesions that can potentially develop into invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Currently,the International Consensus Guidelines(ICG)for IPMNs provides the basis for evaluating suspected IPMNs on computed tomography(CT)imaging.Despite using the ICG,it remains challenging to accurately predict whether IPMNs harbor high grade or invasive disease which would warrant surgical resection.A supplementary quantitative radiological tool,radiomics,may improve diagnostic accuracy of radiological evaluation of IPMNs.We hypothesized that using CT whole lesion radiomics features in conjunction with the ICG could improve the diagnostic accuracy of predicting IPMN histology.AIM To evaluate whole lesion CT radiomic analysis of IPMNs for predicting malignant histology compared to International Consensus Guidelines.METHODS Fifty-one subjects who had pancreatic surgical resection at our institution with histology demonstrating IPMN and available preoperative CT imaging were included in this retrospective cohort.Whole lesion semi-automated segmentation was performed on each preoperative CT using Healthmyne software(Healthmyne,Madison,WI).Thirty-nine relevant radiomic features were extracted from each lesion on each available contrast phase.Univariate analysis of the 39 radiomics features was performed for each contrast phase and values were compared between malignant and benign IPMN groups using logistic regression.Conventional quantitative and qualitative CT measurements were also compared between groups,viaχ2(categorical)and Mann Whitney U(continuous)variables.RESULTS Twenty-nine subjects(15 males,age 71±9 years)with high grade or invasive tumor histology comprised the'malignant'cohort,while 22 subjects(11 males,age 70±7 years)with low grade tumor histology were included in the'benign'cohort.Radiomic analysis showed 18/39 precontrast,19/39 arterial phase,and 21/39 venous phase features differentiated malignant from benign IPMNs(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis including only ICG criteria yielded two significant variables:thickened and enhancing cyst wall and enhancing mural nodule<5 mm with an AUC(95%CI)of 0.817(0.709-0.926).Multivariable post contrast radiomics achieved an AUC(95%CI)of 0.87(0.767-0.974)for a model including arterial phase radiomics features and 0.834(0.716-0.953)for a model including venous phase radiomics features.Combined multivariable model including conventional variables and arterial phase radiomics features achieved an AUC(95%CI)of 0.93(0.85-1.0)with a 5-fold cross validation AUC of 0.90.CONCLUSION Multi-phase CT radiomics evaluation could play a role in improving predictive capability in diagnosing malignancy in IPMNs.Future larger studies may help determine the clinical significance of our findings. | Stuart L Polk Jung W Choi Melissa J McGettigan Trevor Rose Abraham Ahmed Jongphil Kim Kun Jiang Yoganand Balagurunathan Jin Qi Paola T Farah Alisha Rathi Jennifer B Permuth Daniel Jeong | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，24： | 5 |
| 6 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 7 | Gas chromatography as a development and production tool for fringe printing vidual reservoirs:application in the Gulf of Maxico Gulf coast 显示文摘 | Kaufman R L Ahmed A S | 1990 | AAPG Bulletin1990，48，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Dynamic capabilities: A review and research agenda显示文摘 | WANG C L AHMED P K | 2007 | International Journal of Management Reviews2007，9，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Unreamed interlocking nailing in open fractures of tibia显示文摘 | Joshi D Ahmed A Krishna L | 2004 | J Orthop Surg2004，12，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Dynamic capabilities: A Review and Research Agenda 显示文摘 | Wang C L Ahmed P K | 2007 | International Journal of Management Reviews2007，，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection among African women显示文摘 | Van Damme L Corneli A Ahmed K | 2012 | N Engl J Med2012，367，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Clinical applications of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg)- beyond immunodeficien- cies and neurology显示文摘 | Hartung HP Mouthon L Ahmed R | 2009 | Clin Exp Immunol2009，158，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Host plants and natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) in China显示文摘 | LiS J Xue X Ahmed M Z Ren S X Du Y Z Wu J H Cuthbertson A G S and Qiu B L | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Adult feeding preference of the large pine weevil, Hylobius abletis ( Coleoptera: Curculionidae ) 显示文摘 | Leather S R Ahmed S L Hogan L | 1994 | EurJEntomol1994，91，： | 1 |
| 15 | Endochondral ossifica-tion:how cartilage is converted into bone in the developing skeleton显示文摘 | Mackie E J Ahmed Y A Tatarczuch L | 2008 | Int J Biochem Cell Biol2008，40，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Purification and partial characterization of milk-clotting enzyme extracted from glutinous rice wine mash liquor显示文摘 | WANG Y P CHENG Q L AHMED Z | 2009 | Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering2009，26，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Structural and electrical studies on La3+ substituted Ni-Zn ferrites显示文摘 | Ahmed M A Ateia E Salah L M | 2005 | Materials Chemistry and Physics2005，92，： | 1 |
| 18 | Multinode cooperative communications in wireless networks 显示文摘 | Ahmed S Weifeng S Ray L | 2007 | IEEE Trans Signal Proc2007，55，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Multilocus se quence typing method for identification and genotypic classification of pathogenic Leptospira species 显示文摘 | Ahmed N Devi SM Valverde Mde L | 2006 | Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials2006，5，： | 1 |
| 20 | Phenotypic features, androgen receptor binding, and mutational analysis in 278 clinical cases reported as androgen insensitivity syndrome显示文摘 | Ahmed SF Cheng A Dovey L | 2000 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2000，85，2： | 1 |
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