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| 1 | Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants显示文摘For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria(LAB), lactic acid utilizing bacteria(LUB), or other microorganism's species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance. | Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jose S Martínez Castaeda Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 7 |
| 2 | Effects of exogenous enzymes, Lactobacillus acidophilus or their combination on feed performance response and carcass characteristics of rabbits fed sugarcane bagasse显示文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus(LAC), exogenous enzymes of ZAD(exogenous enzyme preparation) or their combination on feed conversion, and dressing of rabbits fed different treatments of sugarcane bagasse(SCB). Five rations were allotted randomly to five groups of New-Zealand White(NZW) rabbits(n=10) with initial live body weight of(838±42.4) g and 5 weeks of age. Rabbits were fed on diets with different sources of fiber as follows,(i) a control diet composed of 100% berseem hay and 0% SCB,(ii) 50% berseem hay and 50% untreated SCB(USCB),(iii) 50% berseem hay and 50% SCB treated with L. acidophilus(LAC),(iv) 50% berseem hay and 50% SCB treated with ZAD(ZAD), and(v) 50% berseem hay and 50% SCB treated with a combination of LAC+ZAD(LZ). Treatments of SCB with L. acidophilus, ZAD and LAC+ZAD had the highest feed conversion ratio than both USCB and control. The dressing percentage of rabbits that fed the LAC and LZ diets was higher(P<0.05) compared with that in the other groups. Performance index(PI) for LAC group was improved(P<0.05) compared to that for the other groups; however, PI for USCB group was the lowest(P<0.05). It could be concluded that treating SCB with L. acidophilus, exogenous enzymes of ZAD or their combination improved feed conversion and performance with more positive effects with L. acidophilus than the other treatments. | Nahla A Abdel-Aziz Mounir El-Adawy Maria A Mariezcurrena-Berasain Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jaime Olivares-Pérez Ahmed E Kholif Borhami E Borhami | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 5 |
| 3 | Biological treatments as a mean to improve feed utilization in agriculture animals——An overview显示文摘As a result of agriculture practices, million tons of agriculture are produced as a secondary or by-products; however, with low nutritive values. Many methods are applied to improve the nutritive value and increase its utilization in ruminant's nutrition. The biological treatments are the most common with more safe-treated products. In most cases, the biological treatments are paralleled with decreased crude fiber and fiber fractions content with increased crude protein content. Direct-fed microbial and exogenous enzymes to animal are other ways of biological methods for improving nutritive value of feeds. Here in this review, we will try to cover the biological treatments of by-products from different sides view with different types of animals and different animal end-products. | Nahla A Abdel-Aziz Abdelfattah Z M Salem Mounir M El-Adawy Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Mona M Y Elghandour Borhami E Borhami | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Synthesis of manganese ferrite from non-standard raw materials using ceramic technique 显示文摘 | AHMED Y M Z | 2010 | Ceramics International2010，36，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Effect of ropy and capsular exopolysaccharides producing strain of Lactobacillus plantarum 162RM on characteristics and functionality of fermented milk and soft Kareish type cheese显示文摘 | Franoois Z N Ahmed N E Félicité M T | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Rheology characterization of polymer drilling foams using a novel apparatus显示文摘 | Zhu Chen Ramadan M Ahmed Stefan Z Miska | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Host plants and natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) in China显示文摘 | LiS J Xue X Ahmed M Z Ren S X Du Y Z Wu J H Cuthbertson A G S and Qiu B L | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Selective separation of mercury(Ⅱ)using a synthetic resin containing amine and mercaptan as chelating groups显示文摘 | Asem A Atia Ahmed M Donia Khalid Z Elwakeel | 2005 | Reactive&Functional Polymers2005，65，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Radiofrequency ablation: effect of surrounding tissue composition on coagulation necrosis in a canine tumor model显示文摘 | Ahmed M Liu Z Afzal KS | 2004 | Radiology2004，230，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Prevalence of endosymbionts in Bemisia tabaci populations and their in vivo sensitivity to antibiotics显示文摘 | Ahmed M Z Ren S X Xue X | 2010 | Curr Microbiol2010，61，4： | 1 |
| 12 | ROCK inhibition promotes adult retinal ganglion cell neurite outgrowth only in the presence of growth promoting factors 显示文摘 | Ahmed Z Berry M Logan A | 2009 | Mol Cell Neurosci2009，42，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Regeneration of axons in the visual system显示文摘 | Berry M Ahmed Z Lorber B | 2008 | Restor Neurol Neuros2008，26，： | 1 |
| 14 | Handling imprecision and uncertainty in software development effort prediction: a type-2 fuzzy logic based framework显示文摘 | Ahmed M A Muzaffar Z | 2009 | Information and Software Technology2009，51，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Investigations on order and width of RZ super Gaussian pulse in pre-, post- and symmetrical-dispersion compensated 10 Gb/s optical communication system using standard and dispersion compensating fibers显示文摘 | Ahmed I Shames M Z Surat-E-Mostafa | 2010 | Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics2010，121，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Not all pacemakers are created equal;MRI conditional pacemaker and lead technology显示文摘 | Ahmed F Z Morris G M Allen S | 2013 | J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol2013，24，9： | 1 |
| 17 | Analysis of the friction welding process in relation to the welding of copper and steel bars 显示文摘 | SAHIN A Z YILBAS B S AHMED M | 1998 | J Mater Process Technol1998，82，： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthesis of dense mullite/MoSi2 composite for high temperature applications显示文摘 | Zaki Z l Mostafa Nasser Y Ahmed Y M Z | 2014 | International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials2014，45，： | 1 |
| 19 | Formation and mineral chemistry of a calcic skarn from Al-Madhiq,SW Saudi Arabia显示文摘 | Ahmed Z Hariri M M | 2006 | Chemie der Erde Geochemistry2006，66，： | 1 |
| 20 | Optimisation of siRNA-mediated RhoA silencing in neuronal cultures 显示文摘 | Suggate E L Ahmed Z Read M L | 2009 | Mol Cell Neurosci2009，40，4： | 1 |
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