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| 1 | The wonders of BMP9:From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism to regenerative medicine显示文摘Although bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle,it has since been determined that these proteins,as members of the TGF-b superfamily,play a diverse and critical array of biological roles.These roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation,angiogenesis,and development and homeostasis of multiple organ systems.Disruptions of the members of the TGF-b/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities,suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP proteins.Although it was once one of the least characterized BMPs,BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo,with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other BMPs.The effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants,revealing the great translational promise of BMP9.Furthermore,emerging evidence indicates that,besides its osteogenic activity,BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions,including stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism.This review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body. | Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Elam Coalson Allen Zhu Alex Alverdy Hector Castillo Jiaming Fan Alex Li Yixiao Feng Di Wu Elliott Bishop Scott Du Mia Spezia Alissa Li Ofir Hagag Alison Deng Winny Liu Mingyang Li Sherwin S·Ho Aravind Athiviraham Michael J·Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A·Ameer Hue H·Luu Rex C·Haydon Jason Strelzow Kelly Hynes Tong-Chuan He Russell R·Reid | 2019 | Genes & Diseases2019，6，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Genome sequence and analysis of the soil cellulolytic actinomyeete Thermobifidafusca YX 显示文摘 | Athanasios L Konstantinos M Natalia I lain A Miriam L Genevieve D Michele M Alia L Susan L Alex C Paul R David BW Nikos K | 2007 | J Bacteriol2007，189，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Preparation and Characterization of Organoclay-rubber Nanocomposites Via a New Route with Skim Natural Rubber Latex显示文摘 | Alex R Nah C | 2006 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science2006，102，4： | 1 |
| 4 | 成人2型糖尿病不同筛查及预防策略成本效益分析显示文摘目的 比较针对2型糖尿病预防及治疗的4种筛查策略及随后予以的干预措施:(a)筛查2型糖尿病患者使其能接受早期检查及治疗,(b)筛查2型糖尿病和糖耐量受损患者,对糖耐量受损的人群予以生活方式干预以延缓或预防糖尿病的发生,(c)同(b)但予以药物干预措施,(d)不筛查。
设计 成本效益决策分析建立在对概率的发展和评估基础上,是从筛查到死亡的综合性经济决策分析模型。
研究对象 一组假设人群,筛查时年龄45岁,高于平均糖尿病风险水平。
数据来源 电子书目数据库收录的已发表的临床试验和流行病学研究;补充数据分别来自英国和威尔士健康统计署、风险筛查(STAR)研究和ADDITION研究的Leicester部分。
方法 建立一种决策树/Markov混合模型,以模拟每一种筛查策略的长期效用,包括临床和成本效益终点。该模型假设水平跨度为50年时间,其成本效益折损率为3.5%。采用敏感度分析以验证模型假设及确定哪种模型数据输入对结果的影响最大。
结果 与不筛查策略比较,筛查2型糖尿病、筛查糖尿病和糖耐量受损并予以生活方式干预、筛查糖尿病和糖耐量受损并予以药物干预治疗3种策略,每获得一个质量调整生命年(QALY)估计所需成本分别为(每年成本效益贴现率为3.5%)14150英镑(17560欧元;27860美元)、6242英镑和7023英镑。在支付意愿阈值为20000英镑时,各主动筛查策略通过干预产生的成本效益概率分别为49%,93%和85%。
结论 对年龄45岁、高于平均风险水平的人群进行2型糖尿病和糖耐量受损的筛查,并对糖耐量受损人群予以适当的干预似乎具有很好的成本效益。单独筛查糖尿病而不对糖耐量受损人群予以干预的策略具有的成本效益仍不确定,需要进一步研究确定早期检测糖尿病的作用。 | Clare L Gillies Paul C Lambert Keith R Abrams Alex J Sutton Nicola J Cooper Ron T Hsu Melanie J Davies Kamlesh Khunti 张晓梅(译) 纪立农(校) | 2008 | 英国医学杂志中文版2008，11，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Effects of yttrium on the sintering and microstructure of alumina-silicon carbide 'nanocomposites' 显示文摘 | ALEX M C IAN P S RICHARD I T STEVE G R | 2005 | J Am Ceram Soc2005，88，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Zea mays Annexins Modulate Cytosolic Free Ca^sup 2+^ and Generate a Ca^sup 2+^-Permeable Conductance(W)显示文摘 | Laohavisit Anuphon Mortimer Jennifer C Demidchik Vadim Coxon Katy M Stancombe Matthew A Macpherson Neil Brownlee Colin Hofmann Andreas Webb Alex A R Miedema Henk Battey Nicholas H Davies Julia M | 2009 | Plant Cell2009，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Organizational diversity and change in institutional theory显示文摘 | Kondra Alex Z and Hinings C R | 1998 | Organization Studies1998，19，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Memory and the everyday land- scape of violence in post -genocide Cambodia显示文摘 | James A T Gabriela B A Alex R C | 2012 | Social and Cultur- al Geography2012，13，8： | 1 |
| 9 | TCAM Razor: A Systematic Approach Towards Minimizing Packet Classifiers in TCAMs显示文摘 | Meiners C R Alex L T0rng E | 2010 | IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking2010，18，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Organizational diversity and change in institutional theory显示文摘 | Kondra Alex Z and Hinings C R | 1998 | Organization Studies1998，19，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Topological Transformation Approaches to TCAM-based Packet Classification显示文摘 | Meiners C R Alex L Torng E | 2011 | IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking2011，19，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Scheduling with Flexible Resources in Parallel Workcenters to Minize Maximum Completion Time 显示文摘 | Alex J R Grisselle C | 2007 | Compuers & Operations Research2007，，34： | 1 |
| 13 | Parallel GRASP with Path-relinking for Job Shop Scheduling显示文摘 | Alex R M Binato S Resende M G C | 2003 | Parallel Computing2003，29，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Identification of time-varyingpH proceesses using sinysoidal signals显示文摘 | Alex D K Liuping W William R C | 2005 | Automatica2005，41，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Phenyl-Perfluorophenyl Stacking Interactions:Topochemical Photodimerization and Photopolymerization of Olefinic Compounds显示文摘 | Geoffrey W C Alex R D Lawrence M | 1998 | J Am Chem Soc1998，110，： | 1 |
| 16 | Thermal,ozone and gamma ageing of tyrene butadiene rubber and Doly(ethytene-co-vinyl acetate) blends显示文摘 | Radhakrishnan C K Alex R Unnikrishnan G | 2006 | Polymer Degradation and Stability2006，91，： | 1 |
| 17 | Preparation and characterization of organoclay-rubber nanoeomposites via a new route with skim natural rubber latex显示文摘 | Alex R Nah C | 2006 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science2006，102，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Magnetic drug targeting-biodistribution of the magnetic carrier and the chemotherapeutic agent mitoxantrone after locoregional cancer treatment显示文摘 | Alexou C Jurgons R Schmid RJ | 2003 | J Drug Target2003，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Assembly and function of a quaternary signal transduction complex monitored by surface plasmon resonance显示文摘 | Schuster S C Swanson R V Alex L A | 1993 | Nature1993，，365： | 1 |
| 20 | A discussion of malt-induced premature yeast flocculation 显示文摘 | LAKE JOSEPH C ALEX SPEERS R | 2008 | Technical Quarterly2008，45，： | 1 |
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