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| 1 | Theoretical prediction of wear of disc cutters in tunnel boring machine and its application显示文摘Predicting the cutter consumption and the exact time to replace the worn-out cutters in tunneling projects constructed with tunnel boring machine(TBM) is always a challenging issue. In this paper, we focus on the analyses of cutter motion in the rock breaking process and trajectory of rock breaking point on the cutter edge in rocks. The analytical expressions of the length of face along which the breaking point moves and the length of spiral trajectory of the maximum penetration point are derived. Through observation of rock breaking process of disc cutters as well as analysis of disc rock interaction, the following concepts are proposed: the arc length theory of predicting wear extent of inner and center cutters, and the spiral theory of predicting wear extent of gage and transition cutters. Data obtained from5621 m-long Qinling tunnel reveal that among 39 disc cutters, the relative errors between cumulatively predicted and measured wear values for nine cutters are larger than 20%, while approximately 76.9% of total cutters have the relative errors less than 20%. The proposed method could offer a new attempt to predict the disc cutter's wear extent and changing time. | Zhaohuang Zhang Muhammad Aqeel Cong Li Fei Sun | 2019 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2019，11，1： | 6 |
| 2 | 流动空气与风力发电叶片作用特性研究显示文摘流动空气与风力发电叶片作用特性是风力发电叶片设计的基础,是风力发电领域研究的难题。长期以来以动量-叶素理论为基础,以流过风力发电叶片空气流场为对象,相继建立了叶片优化设计的Schmitz方法、Glauert方法、Wilson方法和CFD方法等。但流经叶片过程中的空气对叶片作用的特性仍有许多问题需要亟待解决和深入研究。为此,论文应用伯努利方程推导了环状流动空气流过风力发电风轮时传递给风轮的能量计算解析式;应用动量矩原理推导了环状流动空气流过风力发电风轮时作用在风轮上的力矩解析式;提出了流过风轮的环状空气向风轮释放功率的解析式,从而发现风轮正常工作时,流过风轮的环状空气向风轮释放的功率等于环状空气流量、空气密度、环缘处风轮的牵连运动速度及环缘处流出空气的绝对运动速度在此点牵连运动速度方向上投影的连乘积。为叶片截面轮廓曲线后边缘特征参数设置提供了参考。 | Muhammad Aqeel 高延伟 李永强 刘青 张照煌 | 2017 | 中国水利水电科学研究院学报2017，15，6： | 3 |
| 3 | 提高风电叶片风能利用和转化率的新理论和新方法——风力发电叶片出流角计算公式的建立及应用显示文摘提高风力发电机组的风能利用和转化率一直是风电领域专家研究的热点和难题.文中以动量定律为基本理论,通过分析流动空气与风力发电叶片迎风面和背风面的相互作用,发现了流动空气流出叶片的方向对风能利用和转化率有较大影响.因此,提出了提高风力发电叶片风能利用和转化率的流动空气从风力发电叶片迎风面流出角的确定理论和相应公式及流动空气从风力发电叶片背风面后缘流出角的确定理论和相应公式,从而为风力发电机组风能利用和转化率的提高提出了新的研究思路.文中的研究方法和结论将为风力发电叶片风能利用和转化率的提高提供借鉴和有益尝试. | 张照煌 Muhammad Aqeel 刘青 | 2017 | 应用基础与工程科学学报2017，25，5： | 2 |
| 4 | Effects of the actuation waveform on the drop size reduction in drop-on-demand inkjet printing显示文摘In this study the effects of the actuation waveforms on the droplet generation in a drop-on-demand inkjet printing are studied systematically by numerical simulations.Two different types of waveforms,namely the unipolar and bipolar actuations,are investigated for three fluids with different physical properties.We focus on two key parameters,which are the dwell time and the velocity amplitude.For the unipolar driving,the ejection velocity and the ejected liquid volume are both increased as the velocity amplitude becomes larger.The dwell time only has minor effects on both the ejection velocity and the ejected liquid volume.The ejection velocity decreases significantly for large liquid viscosity,while the influences of viscosity on the ejected liquid volume are much weaker.Four different droplet morphologies and the corresponding parameter ranges are identified.The droplet radius can be successfully reduced to about 40%e of the nozzle exit radius.For the bipolar waveforms,same droplet morphologies are observed but with shifted boundaries in the phase space.The minimal radius of stable droplet produced by the bipolar waveforms is even smaller compared to the unipolar ones. | Anas Bin Aqeel Muhammad Mohasan Pengyu Lv Yantao Yang Huiling Duan | 2020 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2020，36，5： | 2 |
| 5 | Epidemiological Analysis of the Coronavirus Disease Outbreak with Random Effects显示文摘Today,coronavirus appears as a serious challenge to the whole world.Epidemiological data of coronavirus is collected through media and web sources for the purpose of analysis.New data on COVID-19 are available daily,yet information about the biological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 remains limited,and uncertainty remains around nearly all its parameters’values.This research provides the scientic and public health communities better resources,knowledge,and tools to improve their ability to control the infectious diseases.Using the publicly available data on the ongoing pandemic,the present study investigates the incubation period and other time intervals that govern the epidemiological dynamics of the COVID-19 infections.Formulation of the testing hypotheses for different countries with a 95%level of condence,and descriptive statistics have been calculated to analyze in which region will COVID-19 fall according to the tested hypothesized mean of different countries.The results will be helpful in decision making as well as in further mathematical analysis and control strategy.Statistical tools are used to investigate this pandemic,which will be useful for further research.The testing of the hypothesis is done for the differences in various effects including standard errors.Changes in states’variables are observed over time.The rapid outbreak of coronavirus can be stopped by reducing its transmission.Susceptible should maintain safe distance and follow precautionary measures regarding COVID-19 transmission. | Muhammad Farman Aqeel Ahmad Ali Akgül Muhammad Umer Saleem Muhammad Naeem Dumitru Baleanu | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Production of pectinase by Bacillus subtilis EFRL 01 in a date syrup medium显示文摘 | Abdul Sattar Qureshi Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto Yusuf Chisti | | 0，，62： | 1 |
| 7 | Dynamical Transmission of Coronavirus Model with Analysis and Simulation显示文摘COVID-19 acts as a serious challenge to the whole world.Epidemiological data of COVID-19 is collected through media and web sources to analyze and investigate a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equation to understand the outbreaks of this epidemic disease.We analyze the diseases free and endemic equilibrium point including stability of the model.The certain threshold value of the basic reproduction number R0 is found to observe whether population is in disease free state or endemic state.Moreover,the epidemic peak has been obtained and we expect a considerable number of cases.Finally,some numerical results are presented which show the effect of parameters estimation and different step size on our obtained solutions at the real data of some countries to check the actual behavior of the COVID-19 at different countries. | Muhammad Farman Ali Akgul Aqeel Ahmad Dumitru Baleanu Muhammad Umer Saleem | 2021 | Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences2021，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Impacts of chicken manure and peat-derived biochars and inorganic P alone or in combination on phosphorus fractionation and maize growth in an acidic ultisol显示文摘The forms of phosphorus(P)in animal manure and peat are different from synthetic P fertilizers and will affect soil P fractions when they are used as P amendments.Effects of chicken manure(CMB)and peat(PB)derived biochars(CMB and PB)alone or in combination with P fertilizer(KH_(2)PO_(4))and rock phosphate(RP)on plant/soil health and soil P fractions in an acidic ultisol were examined with greenhouse pot experiments.The total P rate was constant at 120 mg kg^(−1) in all treatments.Soil P fractions,P uptake,and maize growth were determined after 56 days.Application of CMB combined with P fertilizer or alone significantly increased soil pH,water extractable and relatively labile P,dry matter yield of maize,chlorophyll contents in maize leaves,while decreasing the Fe and Al binding P.Moreover,sole application of CMB and PB showed greater effects than application of P fertilizer alone regarding plant growth and P fractionation.Integration of syn-thetic inorganic P sources with CMB or sole application of CMB is more beneficial than application of inorganic P sources to improve plant growth and P availability. | Muhammad Aqeel Kamran Ren-Kou Xu Jiu-yu Li Jung Jiang Ren-Yong Shi | 2019 | Biochar2019，1，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Determination of the feasible setup parameters of a workpiece to maximize the utilization of a five-axis milling machine显示文摘The machining industry must maximize the machine tool utilization for its efficient and effective usage. Determining a feasible workpiece location is one of the significant tasks performed in an iterative way via machining simulations. The maximum utilization of five-axis machine tools depends upon the cutting system’s geometry, the configuration of the machine tool, and the workpiece’s location. In this research, a mathematical model has been developed to determine the workpiece’s feasible location in the five-axis machine tool for avoiding the number of iterations, which are usually performed to eliminate the global collision and axis limit errors. In this research, a generic arrangement of the five-axis machine tool has been selected. The mathematical model of post-processor has been developed by using kinematic modeling methods. The machine tool envelopes have been determined using the post-processor and axial limit. The tooltip reachable workspace is determined by incorporating the post-processor, optimal cutting system length, and machining envelope, thereby further developing an algorithm to determine the feasible workpiece setup parameters accurately. The algorithm’s application has been demonstrated using an example. Finally, the algorithm is validated for feasible workpiece setup parameters in a virtual environment. This research is highly applicable in the industry to eliminate the number of iterations performed for the suitable workpiece setup parameters. | Aqeel AHMED Muhammad WASIF Anis FATIMA Liming WANG Syed Amir IQBAL | 2021 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2021，16，2： | 0 |
| 10 | Dramatic changes in anatomical traits of a C4 grass Chrysopogon serrulatus Trin.(Poaceae)over a 1000 m elevational gradient显示文摘Chrysopogon serrulatus(false beard-grass)is a dominant component of vegetation in the foothills of the Himalayas.To study whole plant morphology,individuals of C.serrulatus were collected from three plots at each of six locations spanning from 400 to 1,400 m.The population colonizing the highest elevation modifications in different plant organs.Roots showed increased metaxylem number and area.In the stem,especially outside of the vascular tissue,there was intensive sclerification indicative of increased xeromorphy as a survival strategy.At the highest elevation,leaves were wider;aerenchyma formation and increased sclerification were noted in the leaf sheath;and a greater proportion of storage parenchyma was observed in the leaf blade,all indicators of succulence.In contrast,leaves at lower elevations had xeric morphological features such as increased epidermal thickness,sclerification and more developed metaxylem area.In conclusion,shifting of morphological features in below-and above-ground plant parts of C.serrulatus were linked to shifts in environmental factors along this elevation gradient,thus enabling the successful distribution of this species along this elevation gradient. | FATIMA Sana HAMEED Mansoor AHMAD Farooq AHMAD Muhammad Sajid Aqeel ANWAR Majid MUNIR Mahwish ASHRAF Muhammad SHAH Syed Mohsan Raza BASHARAT Sana AHMAD Iftikhar KHALIL Sangam | 2023 | Journal of Mountain Science2023，20，5： | 0 |
| 11 | Measuring Reliability of A Web Portal Based on Testing Profile显示文摘Conventionally,the reliability of a web portal is validated with generalized conventional methods,but they fail to provide the desired results.Therefore,we need to include other quality factors that affect reliability such as usability for improving the reliability in addition to the conventional reliability testing.Actually,the primary objectives of web portals are to provide interactive integration of multiple functions confirming diverse requirements in an efficient way.In this paper,we employ testing profiles tomeasure the reliability through software operational profile,input space profile and usability profile along with qualitative measures of reliability and usability.Moreover,the case study used for verification is based on aweb application that facilitates information and knowledge sharing among its online members.The proposed scheme is compared with the conventional reliability improvement method in terms of failure detection and reliability.The final results unveil that the computation of reliability by using the traditional method(utilizing failure points with the assistance of Mean Time Between Failures(MTBF)and Mean Time To Failure(MTTF)becomes ineffective under certain situations.Under such situations,the proposed scheme helps to compute the reliability in an effective way.Moreover,the outcomes of the study provide insight recommendations about the testing and measurement of reliability for Web based software or applications. | Malik Muhammad Ali Shahid Shahida Sulaiman Mohammed Al-Sarem Aqeel Ur Rahman Salman Iqbal Rab Nawaz Bashir Arfat Ahmad Khan Momen M.Alrawi Rashiq R.Marie Settawit Poochaya | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Effects of Lateral Variation in Vegetation and Basin ‘Dome' Shape on Tropical Lowland Peat Stabilisation in the Kota Samarahan-Asajaya Area, West Sarawak, Malaysia显示文摘Field surveys indicate lateral variation in peat humification levels(von Post) in dominantly occurring fibric, fibric to hemic, sapric and hemic to sapric peats across a gradient from the margin towards the centre of tropical lowland peat domes. Cement-peat stabilisation can be enhanced by adding mineral soil fillers(silt, clays and fine sands) obtained from Quaternary floodplain deposits and residual soil(weathered schist). The unconfined compressive strength(UCS) of the stabilised cement-mineral soil filler-peat mix increases with the increased addition of selected mineral soil filler. Lateral variation in the stabilised peat strength(UCS) in the top 0 to 0.5 m layer was found from the margin towards the centre of the tropical lowland peat dome. The variations in the UCS of stabilised tropical lowland peats along a gradient from the periphery towards the centre of the peat dome are most likely caused by a combination of factors due to variations in the mineral soil or ash content of the peat and horizontal zonation or lateral variation in the dominant species of the plant assemblages(due to successive vegetation zonation of the peat swamp forest from the periphery towards the centre of the tropical lowland peat dome). | Mohamad Tarmizi Mohamad ZULKIFLEY Tham Fatt NG John Kuna RAJ Roslan HASHIM Muhammad Aqeel ASHRAF | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014，88，3： | 0 |
| 13 | Double‑Layer Nanofibrous Sponge Tube via Electrospun Fiber and Yarn for Promoting Urethral Regeneration显示文摘Insufficient bionic performance is a structural obstacle and makes urethral repair unobtainable.To overcome this challenge,we mimicked the urethral matrix and applied two electrospinning techniques to build a double-layer sponge tube of nanofib-ers and nanoyarns.Intriguingly,silk fibroin(SF)and vitamin B5(VitB5)could be introduced to increase the elasticity of the outer layer and reduce the hydrophobicity to further improve mesenchymal cell proliferation.Systematic experiments validated the bionic structure,biocompatibility,and exosome delivery capacity in this scaffold.We achieved scarless urethral repair by delivering the bioactive growth factors from adipose-derived stem cell exosomes by physical absorption.Biological regeneration of the urethra can be accomplished with continuous epithelium in animals.Furthermore,bioinformatics studies revealed that the expression of cell proliferation and fibrotic genes(e.g.,Wnt7a,cfa-miR-574)was responsible for the bio-logical regeneration of the adipose-derived stem cells exosomes(ADSC-exos)by delivering poly l-lactide-co-caprolactone/SF/VitB5 bilayer sponge(PSVBS)via reduced fibrosis gene expression,as well as improved epithelial formation and blood vessel formation.Therefore,the PSVBS design appeared to be an instructive approach for urethral and other tubular organ regeneration. | Kaile Zhang Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto Liyang Wang Kai Wang Jie Liu Wenyao Li Wenguo Cui Qiang Fu | 2023 | Advanced Fiber Materials2023，5，2： | 0 |
| 14 | Synergistic effect of organic and inorganic nano fillers on the dielectric and mechanical properties of epoxy composites显示文摘Titanium oxide TiO_2/epoxy and TiO_2 with detonation nano-diamond(DND)/epoxy nanocomposites were prepared by using ultrasonication method. TiO_2 and DND particles as reinforcement species and epoxy as matrix were used to produce nanocomposites. The addition of DND particles into TiO_2/epoxy composite improved the dielectric and mechanical properties of nanocomposites in significant amount.The dielectric properties of TiO_2-DND/epoxy nanocomposite demonstrated increase in permittivity and conductivity after addition of the DND particles. The maximum and minimum reflection losses of TiO_2-DND/epoxy nanocomposite for 0.6 and 0.2 wt% DND loading were detected at -14.5 and -1.3 dB,respectively. The flexural and tensile strength of TiO_2-DND/epoxy nanocomposites with the addition of 0.4 wt% DNDs were enhanced to 220% and 223%, respectively. Additionally, the energy to break and percent break strain were 3.9 J and 3.86, respectively for 0.4 wt% DND loading in TiO_2-DND/epoxy nanocomposite. Therefore, the present work findings claim that DND particles are well suitable to enrich the dispersion of TiO_2 nanoparticles in epoxy matrix, which develops a strong load transfer interface between the nanoparticles and epoxy matrix and consequently leads to superior properties. | Muhammad Khan Aqeel A.Khurram Tiehu Li Tingkai Zhao T.Subhani I.H.Gul Zafar Ali Vivek Patel | 2018 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2018，34，12： | 0 |
| 15 | Chaotification in the stretch-twist-fold (STF) flow显示文摘Chaotic behavior and detailed parameter analysis of stretch-twist-fold (STF) flow are investigated. STF flow is associated with fluid particle motion which naturally arises in the dynamo theory. It proposes a mechanism, by which a celestial bodies, such as earth and sun, can maintain and amplify the magnetic field continuously. Parameter analysis is performed using linearization theory for different choices of parameters. The existence of Heteroclinic trajectory of Sil'nikov type is proved using an undetermined coefficient method. It connects two non trivial equilibrium points. As a consequence, the Sil'nikov criterion guarantees that STF flow has Smale horseshoes chaos. | YUE BaoZeng AQEEL Muhammad | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，14： | 0 |
| 16 | Cavity dynamics of water drop impact onto immiscible oil pool with different viscosity显示文摘In this work,we numerically study the impact of a water droplet onto a deep oil pool.Two fluids are immiscible and the viscosity of the pool liquid is changed systematically.We focus on the cavity dynamics during the impact and especially the effects of the pool liquid viscosity and the impacting velocity.For the parameter range explored,we identify the regime where splashing occurs with corolla breaking into droplets,and the regime where no splashing is observed.Similarity is found for the time evolution of cavity depth for fixed impact velocity and different viscosity,if the cavity depth and time are nondimensionalized by the maximal depth and the time when the maximal depth is reached.Effective power-law scalings are also proposed to describe the dependence of the maximal cavity depth and the corresponding time on the impact velocity and pool liquid viscosity,in the term of Froude and Reynolds numbers. | Muhammad Mohasan Anas Bin Aqeel Pengyu Lv Yantao Yang Huiling Duan | 2021 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2021，37，3： | 0 |
| 17 | Effects of biotic and abiotic factors on forest biomass fractions显示文摘The extent to which key factors at the global scale influence plant biomass allocation patterns remains unclear.Here,we provide a theory about how biotic and abiotic factors influence plant biomass allocation and evaluate its predictions using a large global database for forested communities.Our analyses confirm theoretical predictions that temperature,precipitation,and plant height and density jointly regulate the quotient of leaf biomass and total biomass,and that they have a much weaker effect on shoot(leaf plus stem)biomass fractions at a global scale.Moreover,biotic factors have larger effects than abiotic factors.Climatic variables act equally on shoot and root growth,and differences in plant body size and age,as well as community species composition,which vary with climate in ways that drown out the variations in biomass fractions.The theory and data presented here provide mechanistic explanations of why climate has little effect on biomass fractions. | Renfei Chen Jinzhi Ran Weigang Hu Longwei Dong Mingfei Ji Xin Jia Jingli Lu Haiyang Gong Muhammad Aqeel Shuran Yao Lizhe An Jin-Sheng He Karl J.Niklas Jianming Deng | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，10： | 0 |
| 18 | Analogy Theory and Application of Pressure Difference of Wind Turbine Blade Profile显示文摘This paper aims to design an optimized blade for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine(HWAT).Since airfoil is a basic component of blade design,an optimized airfoil(referred as SJX)was proposed based on the line theory through the weight analogy to pressure distribution of air flow.Its lift,drag,lift⁃to⁃drag ratio were compared with those NACA2409⁃34,NACA2410,and RK40 airfoils by using Profili software at fixed wind velocity and under different angles of attack.The NACA2409⁃34 airfoil was found to be greatly similar with the SJX airfoil.Based on the Wilson method,blades using SJX and NACA2490⁃34 airfoils were developed and different performance parameters such as velocity distribution,pressure distribution,and power were compared under variable wind velocities and different angles of attack ranging from-4°to 6°at different radius from the center of rotor using computational fluid dynamics(CFD)in ANSYS FLUENT.Results of the study suggested that the performance of the SJX based airfoil and blade was much more optimized. | Zhaohuang Zhang Aqeel Muhammad Jun Zhang Qing Liu Weiwei Li Yuwang Song | 2020 | Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series)2020，27，6： | 0 |
| 19 | Termites Improve the Horizontal Movement of Carbonized Particles:A Step towards Sustainable Utilization of Biochar显示文摘Soil amendments containing carbonized materials increase the soil carbon reservoir,influence plant productivity,and,ultimately,help to clean the environment.There is data on the effect of such additions on soil physicochemical properties or plant growth,but few studies have focused on how these carbonized materials are distributed by termite species in the soil ecosystem.It is the first comprehensive study of the transportation of biochar(BC)by termite species under tropical environmental conditions in Pakistan.The present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that if termite species I)were involved in the distribution of biochar particles II)if yes,then how far these particles were transported during the study period(10 days)and III)check their preference between the enriched BC(EBC)and non-enriched BC.BC was enriched with the cattle slurry after its pyrolysis in the study.The results showed that EBC particles were significantly more widely distributed than non-enriched BC particles,but both types of BC were transported more than 4 cm(ring 4)within 10 days(at the end of the experiment).The current study also revealed that EBC was easily attached to the setae,cuticle,and legs of termites,implying that it could potentially be transported over a greater distance.Furthermore,transportation of EBC over larger distances indicated a potential preference of termite species between the EBC and BC particles.During the study,however,the preference among the termite species was also observed.Under the prevailing study conditions,the Coptotermes heimi and Heteroterme indicola species transported the EBC further than Microtermes obesi and Odontotermes obesus.These findings revealed that transportation preferences were observed among the four termite species.In conclusion,the current study found that termites were involved in the distribution of BC particles,with a preference for EBC and that these have the potential to transport BC particles more than 4 cm within 10 days.Furthermore,two species Coptotermes heimi and Heteroterme indicola may be more suitable candidates for EBC transpiration in Pakistani soils.It was necessary to conduct additional research into the effect of temperature on the transportation process. | Mazhar Ali Nasir Masood Hafiz Muhammad Rashad Javeed Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Khalid F.Almutairi Liyun Liu Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar Karthika Rajendran Ayman EL Sabagh | 2022 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2022，91，10： | 0 |
| 20 | Fabrication and characterization of Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin-blended P(LLA-CL) nanofibrous scaffolds for peripheral nerve tissue engineering显示文摘 | Juan WANG Binbin SUN Muhammad Aqeel BHUTTO Tonghe ZHU Kui YU Jiayu BAO Yosry MORSI Hany EL-HAMSHARY Mohamed EL-NEWEHY Xiumei MO | 2017 | Frontiers of Materials Science2017，11，1： | 0 |
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