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| 1 | Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women显示文摘AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(< 40 years old) vs older patients(≥ 40 years old) for subsequent analyses.RESULTS: Analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to risk factors were performed on 7152 women with primary breast cancer and the results revealed that younger patients were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P < 0.001), having high stress in life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), having dairy/meat-rich diets(20.2% vs 12.9%, P < 0.001),having alcohol drinking habit(7.7% vs 5.2%, P = 0.002). Younger patients were also more likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001) and an early age at menarche(20.7% vs 13.2%, P < 0.001). Analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older counterparts.CONCLUSION: Younger patients in Hong Kong are more likely to encounter risk factors associated with breast cancer development and have more aggressive tumours than their older counterparts. | Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law Lawrence PK Li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-Chung Yau Tsz-Kok Yau Benny CY Zee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 4 |
| 2 | Towards atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing显示文摘Human beings have witnessed unprecedented developments since the 1760s using precision tools and manufacturing methods that have led to ever-increasing precision,from millimeter to micrometer,to single nanometer,and to atomic levels.The modes of manufacturing have also advanced from craft-based manufacturing in the Stone,Bronze,and Iron Ages to precisioncontrollable manufacturing using automatic machinery.In the past 30 years,since the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope,humans have become capable of manipulating single atoms,laying the groundwork for the coming era of atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing(ACSM).Close-to-atomic scale manufacturing includes all necessary steps to convert raw materials,components,or parts into products designed to meet the user’s specifications.The processes involved in ACSM are not only atomically precise but also remove,add,or transform work material at the atomic and close-to-atomic scales.This review discusses the history of the development of ACSM and the current state-of-the-art processes to achieve atomically precise and/or atomic-scale manufacturing.Existing and future applications of ACSM in quantum computing,molecular circuitry,and the life and material sciences are also described.To further develop ACSM,it is critical to understand the underlying mechanisms of atomic-scale and atomically precise manufacturing;develop functional devices,materials,and processes for ACSM;and promote high throughput manufacturing. | Fengzhou Fang Nan Zhang Dongming Guo Kornel Ehmann Benny Cheung Kui Liu Kazuya Yamamura | 2019 | International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2019，1，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Determination of Free and Reversibly-Bound Sulfite in Selected Foods by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorometric Detection显示文摘 | Stephen Wai Cheung Chung Benny T.P.Chan Andy C.M.Chan | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 4 | Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: The Hong Kong experience显示文摘 | Michael K.M. Kam Peter M.L. Teo Ricky M.C. Chau K.Y. Cheung Peter H.K. Choi W.H. Kwan S.F. Leung Benny Zee Anthony T.C. Chan | 2004 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2004，，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: The Hong Kong experience显示文摘 | Michael K.M. Kam Peter M.L. Teo Ricky M.C. Chau K.Y. Cheung Peter H.K. Choi W.H. Kwan S.F. Leung Benny Zee Anthony T.C. Chan | 2004 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2004，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy: The Hong Kong experience显示文摘 | Michael K.M. Kam Peter M.L. Teo Ricky M.C. Chau K.Y. Cheung Peter H.K. Choi W.H. Kwan S.F. Leung Benny Zee Anthony T.C. Chan | 2004 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics2004，，5： | 1 |
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