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| 1 | Strong ozone production at a rural site in the North China Plain: Mixed effects of urban plumes and biogenic emissions显示文摘Regional ozone(O_3) pollution has drawn increasing attention in China over the recent decade, but the contributions from urban pollution and biogenic emissions have not been clearly elucidated. To better understand the formation of the regional O_3 problem in the North China Plain(NCP), intensive field measurements of O_3 and related parameters were conducted at a rural site downwind of Ji'nan, the capital city of Shandong province, in the summer of 2013. Markedly severe O_3 pollution was recorded, with the O_3 mixing ratios exceeding the Chinese national ambient air quality standard on 28 days(a frequency of 78%) and with a maximum hourly value of 198 ppbv. Extensive regional transport of wellprocessed urban plumes to the site was identified. An observation-constrained chemical box model was deployed to evaluate in situ photochemical O_3 production on two episodes.The results show that the in situ formation accounted for approximately 46% of the observed O_3 accumulation, while the remainder(~54%) was contributed by regional transport of the O_3-laden urban plumes. The in situ ozone production was in a mixed controlled regime that reducing either NOx or VOCs would lead to a reduction of ozone formation. Biogenic VOCs played an important role in the local ozone formation. This study demonstrates the significant mixed effects of both anthropogenic pollution from urban zones and biogenic emission in rural areas on the regional O_3 pollution in the NCP region,and may have general applicability in facilitating the understanding of the formation of secondary pollution over China. | Ruihan Zong Xue Yang Liang Wen Caihong Xu Yanhong Zhu Tianshu Chen Lan Yao Liwei Wang Junmei Zhang Lingxiao Yang Xinfeng Wang Min Shao Tong Zhu Likun Xue Wenxing Wang | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，9： | 8 |
| 2 | The Distribution and Concentration Monitoring of Benzene Industries—Six PLADs,China,2020显示文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Benzene is classified as a Class I human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.Long-term exposure to benzene increases the risk of chronic benzene poisoning and leukemia.However,benzene is still widely used in the manufacturing industry.What is added by this report? | Xue Wang Jin Zhou Lei Han Xiurong Cheng Hua Shao Qiang Jia Peiyu Xu Jing Liu Jie Ren Jin Li Fei Li Baoli Zhu Meibian Zhang Caihong Xing | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，43： | 4 |
| 3 | Reducing nitrogen application with dense planting increases nitrogen use efficiency by maintaining root growth in a double-rice cropping system显示文摘Rational nitrogen(N) application can greatly increase rice(Oryza sativa L.) yield. However, excessive N input can lead not only to low N use efficiency(NUE) but also to severe environmental pollution.Reducing N application rate with a higher planting density(RNHD) is recommended to maintain rice yield and improve NUE. The effects of RNHD on fertilizer N fate and rice root growth traits remain unclear. We accordingly conducted a two-year field experiment to investigate the influence of RNHD on rice yield, fertilizer 15N fate, and root growth in a double-rice cropping system in China. In comparison with the conventional practice of high N application with sparse planting, RNHD resulted in similar yield and biomass production as well as plant N uptake. RNHD increased agronomic NUEs by 23.3%–31.9%(P < 0.05) and N recovery efficiency by 17.4%–24.1%(P < 0.05). RNHD increased fertilizer 15N recovery rate by 14.5%–34.7%(P < 0.05), but reduced15 N retention rate by 9.2%–12.0%(P < 0.05). Although a reduced N rate led to significantly reduced root length, surface area, volume, and biomass, these root traits were significantly increased by higher planting density. RNHD did not affect these root morphological traits and reduced activities of nitrate reductase(NR) and glutamine synthetase(GS) only at tillering stage. Plant N uptake was significantly positively correlated with these root traits, but not correlated with NR and GS activities. Together, these findings show that reducing N application with dense planting can lead to high plant N uptake by maintaining rice root growth and thus increase NUE. | Jin Chen Xiangcheng Zhu Jiang Xie Guoqiang Deng Tianhua Tu Xianjiao Guan Zhen Yang Shan Huang Xianmao Chen Caifei Qiu Yinfei Qian Caihong Shao Minggang Xu Chunrui Peng | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Glutamate drives local Ca^(2+)release'in cardiac pacemaker cells显示文摘The sinoatrial node(SAN)is the origin of the electrical signals for rhythmic heartbeats in mammals.The spontaneous fring of SAN pacemaker cells(SANPCS)triggers cardiac contraction.'Local Ca^(2+)release'(LCR),a unique cellular activity,acts as the'engine'of the spontaneous fring of SANPCs.However,the mechanism of LCR initiation remains unclear.Here,we report that endogenous glutamate drives LCRs in SANPCs.Using a glutamate sensor,we unraveled a tight correlation between glutamate accumulation and LCR occurrence,indicating a potential relationship between glutamate and LCRs.Intracellular application of glutamate significantly enhanced the LCRs in both intact and permeabilized SANPCs.Mechanitically,we revealed that mitochondrial excitatory amino acid transporter 1(EAAT 1)-dependent mitochondrial glutamate import promoted ROS generation,which in turn led to the oxidation of Ca^(2+)-handling proteins,ultimately resulting in enhanced LCRs.Importantly,EAAT1 depletion reduced both the spontaneous fring rates of isolated SANPCs and the heart rate in vitro and in vivo,suggesting the central role of EAAT1 as a glutamate transporter in the regulation of cardiac autonomic rhythm.In conclusion,our results indicate that glutamate serves as an LCR igniter in SANPCs,adding a potentially important element to the coupled clock theory that explains the origin of spontaneous firing.These findings shed new light on the future prevention and treatment of cardiac pacemaker cell-related arrhythmias. | Duanyang Xie Ke Xiong Xuling Su Guanghua Wang Qicheng Zou Luxin Wang Caihong Zhang Yuting Cao Beihua Shao Yixin Zhang Peidong Zhang Dandan Liang Yi Liu Yi-Han Chen | 2022 | Cell Research2022，32，9： | 0 |
| 5 | Characterization and spatial analysis of coseismic landslides triggered by the Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake in the Xianshuihe fault zone, Southwest China显示文摘On September 5, 2022, a magnitude Ms 6.8 earthquake occurred along the Moxi fault in the southern part of the Xianshuihe fault zone located in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,resulting in severe damage and substantial economic loss. In this study, we established a coseismic landslide database triggered by Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake, which includes 4794 landslides with a total area of 46.79 km^(2). The coseismic landslides primarily consisted of medium and small-sized landslides, characterized by shallow surface sliding. Some exhibited characteristics of high-position initiation resulted in the obstruction or partial obstruction of rivers, leading to the formation of dammed lakes. Our research found that the coseismic landslides were predominantly observed on slopes ranging from 30° to 50°, occurring at between 1000 m and 2500 m, with slope aspects varying from 90° to 180°. Landslides were also highly developed in granitic bodies that had experienced structural fracturing and strong-tomoderate weathering. Coseismic landslides concentrated within a 6 km range on both sides of the Xianshuihe and Daduhe fault zones. The area and number of coseismic landslides exhibited a negative correlation with the distance to fault lines, road networks, and river systems, as they were influenced by fault activity, road excavation, and river erosion. The coseismic landslides were mainly distributed in the southeastern region of the epicenter, exhibiting relatively concentrated patterns within the IX-degree zones such as Moxi Town, Wandong River basin, Detuo Town to Wanggangping Township. Our research findings provide important data on the coseismic landslides triggered by the Luding Ms 6.8 earthquake and reveal the spatial distribution patterns of these landslides. These findings can serve as important references for risk mitigation, reconstruction planning, and regional earthquake disaster research in the earthquake-affected area. | GUO Changbao LI Caihong YANG Zhihua NI Jiawei ZHONG Ning WANG Meng YAN Yiqiu SONG Deguang ZHANG Yanan ZHANG Xianbing WU Ruian CAO Shichao SHAO Weiwei | 2024 | Journal of Mountain Science2024，21，1： | 0 |
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